Semantic, Cognitive and Perceptual Computing -Keynote artificial intelligence in support of people and society _by_ eric horvitz

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Artificial Intelligence Institute at UofSC

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wbXEXGT3I9I&list=PLqJzTtkUiq54DDEEZvzisPlSGp_BadhNJ&index=8 Link of video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wbXEXGT3I9I This is a review of the keynote presented by Eric Horvitz, Managing Director, Microsoft, Redmond. This keynote was presented at Computing Community Consortium in Washington DC on June-07-2016. Eric has discussed about 3 things in his keynote: Healthcare, Agriculture and Transport. Mainly he has focussed on Health care. The goal of AI Broad Spectrum of Opportunities for AI Healthcare Sciences Transportation Agriculture Sustainability Education Governance Criminal justice Privacy & security Emergency management A work conducted in John Hopkins University References: http://research.microsoft.com/en-us/um/people/horvitz/AI_supporting_people_and_society_Eric_Horvitz.pdf https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rek3jjbYRLo https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_intelligence https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AI_winter http://research.microsoft.com/en-us/um/people/horvitz/

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Keynote:
Artificial Intelligence in Support of People and Society
by: Eric Horvitz
Presented by :
Ankita Saxena
Computing Community Consortium, Washington,DC
June 7,2016
AI for the Common Good OSTP-CCC-AAAI
Slides adapted from Eric Horvitz’s keynote

Eric Horvitz
Technical Fellow & Managing Director,
Microsoft Research, Redmond
Pursuing research on principles of machine
intelligence and on leveraging the
complementarities of human and machine
reasoning
He has been elected Fellow of the
Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence (AAAI),
National Academy of Engineering (NAE),
American Academy of Arts and Sciences,
American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
2

Artificial Intelligence
“..to find how to make machines…solve kinds of problems now
reserved for humans…(1955)
Artificial intelligence is intelligence exhibited by machines.In
computer science, an ideal "intelligent" machine is a flexible
rational agent that perceives its environment and takes
actions that maximize its chance of success at some goal.
3

Artificial Intelligence
Study of computational mechanisms underlying
thought & intelligent behavior
• Foundations of AI
Perception Learning Reasoning Natural Language
Computer Vision Speech & Dialog
Decisions &
Plans
Robotics
4

AI Winter?
• AI winter is the most productive time in the AI history.
• The AI winter is primarily a collapse in the perception of AI by
government bureaucrats and venture capitalists. Despite the
rise and fall of AI's reputation, it has continued to develop
new and successful technologies.
5

Notable quote
“There have been concerns about the long-term prospect
that we lose control of certain kinds of intelligences. I
fundamentally don’t think that’s going to happen. I think that we
will be very proactive in terms of how we field AI systems, and
that in the end we’ll be able to get incredible benefits from
machine intelligence in all realms of life, from science to
education to economics to daily life”
--Eric Horvitz
6

Inflection Point
• Computation & memory
• Data via digital economy, devices,
• Web Learning & reasoning prowess
• Opportunities, competitive landscape
7

Innovations Shared
• Handwriting recognition
• 25 billion letters per year
• 100s of millions of dollars saved
• Work by Kim & Govindaraju (1997)- a team in Suny Buffalo
8

New Competencies & Experiences
• Skype Translate
• Models tracking gestures
• Hybrid learning pipelines for language & vision
9

Broad Spectrum of Opportunities
Healthcare
Sciences
Transportation
Agriculture
Sustainability
Education
Governance
Criminal justice
Privacy & security
Emergency management
14

Readmission Challenge
~ 20% within 30 days
~ 35% in 90 days
The Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services(CMS) considers
that 40%-75% of these readmissions can be prevented
Data from Washington Hospital Center
The NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL of MEDICINE
16

Preventable Errors and Deaths
44,000 - 98,000 per year - Institute of Medicine, 1999
440, 000 per year - Journal of Patient Safety, 2013
New research estimates up to 440,000 Americans are dying
annually from preventable hospital errors. This puts medical
errors as the third leading cause of death in USA
17

Perception and Robotics in Healthcare
Gr
Grammar of surgery
20

References
http://research.microsoft.com/en-
us/um/people/horvitz/AI_supporting_people_and_society_Eric_Horvitz.pdf
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rek3jjbYRLo
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_intelligence
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AI_winter
http://research.microsoft.com/en-us/um/people/horvitz/
21

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In BC’s nearly-decade-old “new” curriculum, the curricular competencies describe the processes that students are expected to develop in areas of learning such as mathematics. They reflect the “Do” in the “Know-Do-Understand” model. Under the “Communicating” header falls the curricular competency “Explain and justify mathematical ideas and decisions.” Note that it contains two processes: “Explain mathematical ideas” and “Justify mathematical decisions.” I have broken it down into its separate parts in order to understand--or reveal--its meaning. The first part is commonplace in classrooms. By now, BC math teachers—and students—understand that “Explain mathematical ideas” means more than “Show your work.” Teachers consistently ask “What did you do?” and “How do you know?” This process is about retelling, not just of steps but of thinking. The second part happens less frequently. Think back to the last time that you observed a student make—a necessary precursor to justify—a mathematical decision. “Justify” is about defending. Like “explain,” it involves reasoning; unlike “explain,” it also involves opinion and debate. In order to reinterpret the curricular competency “Explain and justify mathematical ideas and decisions,” I will continue to take apart its constituent part “Justify mathematical decisions” and carefully examine the term “mathematical decisions.” What, exactly, is a “mathematical decision”? Below, I will categorize answers to this question. These categories, and the provided examples, may help to suggest new opportunities for students to justify.

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Semantic, Cognitive and Perceptual Computing -Keynote artificial intelligence in support of people and society _by_ eric horvitz

1. Keynote: Artificial Intelligence in Support of People and Society by: Eric Horvitz Presented by : Ankita Saxena Computing Community Consortium, Washington,DC June 7,2016 AI for the Common Good OSTP-CCC-AAAI Slides adapted from Eric Horvitz’s keynote

2. Eric Horvitz Technical Fellow & Managing Director, Microsoft Research, Redmond Pursuing research on principles of machine intelligence and on leveraging the complementarities of human and machine reasoning He has been elected Fellow of the Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence (AAAI), National Academy of Engineering (NAE), American Academy of Arts and Sciences, American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) 2

3. Artificial Intelligence “..to find how to make machines…solve kinds of problems now reserved for humans…(1955) Artificial intelligence is intelligence exhibited by machines.In computer science, an ideal "intelligent" machine is a flexible rational agent that perceives its environment and takes actions that maximize its chance of success at some goal. 3

4. Artificial Intelligence Study of computational mechanisms underlying thought & intelligent behavior • Foundations of AI Perception Learning Reasoning Natural Language Computer Vision Speech & Dialog Decisions & Plans Robotics 4

5. AI Winter? • AI winter is the most productive time in the AI history. • The AI winter is primarily a collapse in the perception of AI by government bureaucrats and venture capitalists. Despite the rise and fall of AI's reputation, it has continued to develop new and successful technologies. 5

6. Notable quote “There have been concerns about the long-term prospect that we lose control of certain kinds of intelligences. I fundamentally don’t think that’s going to happen. I think that we will be very proactive in terms of how we field AI systems, and that in the end we’ll be able to get incredible benefits from machine intelligence in all realms of life, from science to education to economics to daily life” --Eric Horvitz 6

7. Inflection Point • Computation & memory • Data via digital economy, devices, • Web Learning & reasoning prowess • Opportunities, competitive landscape 7

8. Innovations Shared • Handwriting recognition • 25 billion letters per year • 100s of millions of dollars saved • Work by Kim & Govindaraju (1997)- a team in Suny Buffalo 8

9. New Competencies & Experiences • Skype Translate • Models tracking gestures • Hybrid learning pipelines for language & vision 9

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13. Data Predictions Decisions 13

14. Broad Spectrum of Opportunities Healthcare Sciences Transportation Agriculture Sustainability Education Governance Criminal justice Privacy & security Emergency management 14

15. AI & Healthcare: Long-term Dream 15

16. Readmission Challenge ~ 20% within 30 days ~ 35% in 90 days The Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services(CMS) considers that 40%-75% of these readmissions can be prevented Data from Washington Hospital Center The NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL of MEDICINE 16

17. Preventable Errors and Deaths 44,000 - 98,000 per year - Institute of Medicine, 1999 440, 000 per year - Journal of Patient Safety, 2013 New research estimates up to 440,000 Americans are dying annually from preventable hospital errors. This puts medical errors as the third leading cause of death in USA 17

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20. Perception and Robotics in Healthcare Gr Grammar of surgery 20

21. References http://research.microsoft.com/en- us/um/people/horvitz/AI_supporting_people_and_society_Eric_Horvitz.pdf https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rek3jjbYRLo https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_intelligence https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AI_winter http://research.microsoft.com/en-us/um/people/horvitz/ 21

22. Thank you

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