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Introduction ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Innate Immunity An  Innate Immunity  is an immunity that occurs naturally as a result of a person's genetic constitution. Innate immunities defend in a nonspecific way. Innate immunity is composed of two kinds of defenses,  external and internal defenses . The external defenses include our skin, mucous and secretions. Bacteria and viruses cannot enter through the skin, meaning the skin works as a barrier. Mucous traps bacteria and expel them through the nose. Secretions, such as saliva and tears contain enzymes that kill bacteria. The Mucous traps microbes and the cilia expels mucous containing microbes upward into the  pharynx. Mucus-producing cells (orange) Cilia (yellow) Tears and Saliva contain lysozyme, which is an  enzyme that digests cell walls of many bacteria. The skin blocks bacteria and viruses from entering our bodies.
Internal Defenses and Chemical Defenses ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],When Pathogens enter the body,  phagocytic cells rush to the injured site, and perform Phagocytosis.
Acquired Immunity ,[object Object],Vaccines are weakened or killed pathogens, such as a virus or bacterium, that are inserted into the body to stimulate antibody production against certain pathogen inserted. Pathogens and bacterium inserted are incapable of causing severe infections.
Invertebrate Immune Mechanisms ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Role of the lymphatic system The lymphatic system produces and transports lymph fluid from tissues to the circulatory How does it aid in immunity? The lymphatic system produces lymphocytes which fights foreign molecules in the body .
Lymphocytes in acquired immunity ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Lymphocyte development ,[object Object]
Testing & removal of self-reactive lymphocytes ,[object Object]
Clonal selection of lymphocytes ,[object Object]
Major Histocompatibility complex (MHC) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Immune Respones
Helper T Cells ,[object Object]
More Types of Cells ,[object Object],[object Object]
B Cells ,[object Object],A microscopic view of a B Cell
Antibodies ,[object Object]
Types of Immunities ,[object Object],[object Object]
Blood Transfusions ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Organ and Tissue Transplants ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Allergic Reactions ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],A grain of pollen, a common allergen
Autoimmune Diseases ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
HIV ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Anatomy of the HIV virus
AIDS ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

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Ap+Bio+Hbs+Master

  • 1.
  • 2. Innate Immunity An Innate Immunity is an immunity that occurs naturally as a result of a person's genetic constitution. Innate immunities defend in a nonspecific way. Innate immunity is composed of two kinds of defenses, external and internal defenses . The external defenses include our skin, mucous and secretions. Bacteria and viruses cannot enter through the skin, meaning the skin works as a barrier. Mucous traps bacteria and expel them through the nose. Secretions, such as saliva and tears contain enzymes that kill bacteria. The Mucous traps microbes and the cilia expels mucous containing microbes upward into the pharynx. Mucus-producing cells (orange) Cilia (yellow) Tears and Saliva contain lysozyme, which is an enzyme that digests cell walls of many bacteria. The skin blocks bacteria and viruses from entering our bodies.
  • 3.
  • 4.
  • 5.
  • 6.
  • 7. Role of the lymphatic system The lymphatic system produces and transports lymph fluid from tissues to the circulatory How does it aid in immunity? The lymphatic system produces lymphocytes which fights foreign molecules in the body .
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  • 15.
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