5. SIDE EFFECTS
Iatrogenic cushing syndrome:
weight gain, muscle wasting, thining
of skin, skin striae, bruising,
osteoprosis, hyperglycemia, diabetes
Increased risk of infections
Peptic ulceration
Psychosis
Depression
CONTRAINDICATIONS
Given with great caution in patients with peptic
13. 4. OSMOTIC DIURETICS
INDICATIONS:
To increase volume of urine volume
Reduction of intracranial pressure
Reduction of intraocular pressure
SIDE EFFECTS:
Extracellular volume expansion that may
complicate CCF, pulmory edema
Dehydration and Hypernatremia
15. INDICATIONS
ANTICOAGULATION:
Treatment and prevention of DVT
Pulmonary Embolism
Unstable angina
Acute periphral arterial occlusion
In patients of MI to prevent:
Coronary reocclusion after
thrombolysis
Mural thrombosis
16. SIDE EFFECTS:
Bleeding
Transient reversible alopecia
Osteoprosis
Spontaneous fractures
Transient thrombocytopenia
CONTRAINDICATIONS:
Hypersensitivity to heparin
Active bleeding
Hemophilia
Thrombocytopenia
18. ATROPINE
Atropine is a an Anticholinergic and
Antispasmodic
INDICATIONS:
Mydriasis and cycloplegia for examination of
retina.
Prophylaxis of motion sickness
Antidoote in OPC poisoning
Parkinsonism
Antidote in mushroom poisoning
19. As pre anesthetic medication to reduce
secretions in upper and lower respiratory tract
Prophylaxis of motion sickness
Urinary urgency caused by minor inflammatory
bladder disorder
Pain due to spasm of smooth muscles as in
biliary colic, intestinal colic, renal colic and
peptic ulcer
21. ADRENALINE
Adrenaline is a sympathomimmetic drug
INDICATIONS
Emergency management of complete heart
block and cardiac arrest
Anaphylaxis
Bronchospasm
Chronic orthostatic hypotension
22. Hypotension:
Due to hypovolemic shock
Cardiac arrythmia
Neurogenic disease
Adverse effects of antihypertensives
Cardiogenic shock
Combined with local anesthesia to prolong
duration of infiltration of nerve block
ADVERSE EFFECT:
Anxiety
24. LIGNOCAIN
It is a local anesthetic
MODE OF ACTION:
Blocks activated and inactivated Na channels
INDICATIONS:
Local anesthetics
Antiarrythmic in Ventricular fibrillation and
tachycardia
27. MODE OF ACTION:
Prevent salt and water retention
Inhibit periphral arterial and venous
vasoconstriction
Inhibit activation of sympthatic system
INDICATIONS:
Congestive cardiac failure
Hypertension
29. DIGOXIN
MECHANISM OF ACTION:
Inhibits Na_K ATPase resulting in intracellular
Na accumulation resulting in activation of
Na_Ca channels causing increase in intracellular
Ca increasing force of contraction
Positive ionotropic effect
Increases refractory period of AV node
35. INDICATION
Duodenal ulcer
Benign gastric ulcer
Reflux esophagitis
Zollinger _ Ellison syndrome
prophylaxis of stess ulcer
ADVERSE EFFECTS
Drug interactions
Skin rashes
Headache
36. INSULIN
INDICATION
Type 1 diabetes
Type 11 diabetes when hyperglycemia is not
controlled with diet therapy or oral drugs
1. ULTRASHORT ACTING INSULIN
2. SHORT ACTING OR REGULAR INSULIN
Indications:
New cases of diabetes with dehydration and
or ketoacidoses
37. In emergencies e.g ketoacidosis or surgical
operations
In all IDDM in combinition of intermediate or
long acting insulin
3. INTERMEDIATE ACTING INSULIN
Indicated in stable patients usually mixed with
regular insulin
4. LONG ACTING INSULIN
44. BRONCHODILATORS
SALBUTAMOL
SALBUTAMOL is a selective Beta 2 agonist
INDICATIONS
Bronchospasm
Status asthmaticus
Uncomplicated premature labour
ADVERSE EFFECTS
Fine tremors