this is an article which i want explain how My country Somalia is formulate it is political culture

1. Political Culture of Somalia
Ahmed Farah

2. Introduction
• The culture of Somalis is mixed culture of Arab and African
culture together, popularly after the independent of
Somalia political Culture and awareness of mass was
transformed in three level since today,
• first phase was people’s hate of colonialism which
extremely effected the first phase administration and policy
makers of the state,
• second phase awareness of the people was very high
comparing to the first phase but political contribution of
the people was very limited due to dictatorship
government ruling the state

3. Introduction
• The last phase was extremely complicated one
many factors ware effecting the ruling elites of
the state and decision markers
• This research paper will specifically focus and
exam how Somali culture effects and shapes
politics of the State?
• What is the major factors contributes shaping
the political system of the state?

4. Geographically
• geographically Somalia is a country located in
east Africa the most of Somaliland is semi-
desert, lack of water
• people of Somalia nearly 60% are nomadic
their life depends on life stock which have
effects their culture deeply

5. Colonial Division
• under the colonial rule Somalia was divided in
to Five different regions, British Somaliland,
France Somaliland (Djibouti) Reserve area
(Ethiopian) and NFD (Kenya)
• under three major European powers, UK,
France and Italia this is also another factor
which contributes political structure of
Somalia.

6. Democratic period of Somalia
• After the independent of two regions of Somalis
British Somaliland and Italian Somaliland, 1 July
1960 marked as historical day for all the Somalis
• They made their first government recognized
around the globe and made their official name as
Somali republic after when they left bend the
colonial names of British and Italian Somaliland,
to become one nation called Somali republic,

7. Democratic period of Somalia
• Somali nationalist movement didn’t stop that it
increases and demands three other regions to become
free and join the Somali republic, which causes many
bloody wars between Somalia and neighboring country
Ethiopia
• In different ways direct and indirect wars, since the
creation of Somalia, the mistrust b/w the two countries
was increasing day by day, and they fight direct fights
for two times 1964 and 1977, this two wars had left
very bad effect for both Somalis and Ethiopians and
create instability of the east African region,

8. Military coup of 1969
• Somalia since 1960 till 1969 was ruled civilian
government leaded by elected national assembly and
goes towards the democratic direction,
• although Somali people was deeply divided political
combiners in to different clans still the nation didn’t
face civil wars like many other African nations has, such
as South Sudan and Liberia,
• elected leaders had face the divided nation and
extremely increasing power of the Somali national
Army, with it is motivations the dream of united all
Somalis, which lead to military coup of 1969

9. • the elected government didn’t meet the
requirement of Somali dreams to become one
united nation rather they couldn’t even keep the
unity of Somalis in good faith,
• This gives chance the military intervention of the
civilian administration to answer the demand of
the public and to keep the nation united once
again,
• the leaders of the 1969 coup was well organized
to occupy the power and get popular support
from the public,

10. • this kind of government always makes great
achievements in it is first 5 to 10 years as usual
but creates also problems which most of the
nations cannot handle at all
• Siyad Bare the leader of the coup and the
president of Somalia was not exception his
government was made great achievements in it is
first decade,
• but also done a treble mistakes which lead the
country destroys itself, the consequences of the
military rule Somalia creates civil war after two
decade of Siyad Bare regime

11. Summary
• International community tried many times to get
solution for the instability of Somalia
• but every effort which international community
tries to seek solution for Somalia creates new
phase of conflicts in the country
• The major events which captured the
international attention through the international
media was the following events.

12. Summary
• the United nations peace keeping mission for
Somalia in 1993, Operation Restore Hope 18
American soldiers and 24 Pakistani soldiers
lost their lives in Somalia.
• Famine of Somalia in early 1993 and 2011 also
was one of the most alert events to the
international community for Somali crises.

13. Summary
• piracy in the seas of Somalia which have no costal
guard creates international crises, in this kind of acts
now is not only effecting Somalis but also other nations
in the world become victims of Somali pirates
• terrorism become one of the international hot topic
unfortunately Somalia become one of the major
centers of terrorism activity
• which is not only effecting the Somalis in Somalia but
also effects the Somalis in other countries and other
nations like Kenya Ethiopia Uganda, Djibouti and
Tanzania