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Athens Golden Age
1. Greece wins! Now what?
• Working together in the Persian Wars
reminded the Greek city-states how much
they have in common!
• They started to refer to themselves more
collectively as “Greeks” , than they had done
in the past.
• New found confidence led to the
development of stunning cultural
achievements. None more so than in Athens.
2. • The Athenians were determined to rebuild
their city and make it the most spectacular in
the ancient world!
• the achievements of the Athenians - in
theater, philosophy, sculpture, architecture,
and government - were so numerous that
many have referred to the period as the
"Golden Age" of Athens!
4. Overview of Athens!
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Settled 2000BCE
Named after Athena, goddess of wisdom
Became democratic c. 510 BCE
Became the center of Greek culture and
economy
7. Parthenon
• White marble temple built in honor of Athena
• Finest of the Greek architecture
• famous statue of Athena inside
• Columns: 3 types (“orders”)
– Doric, Ionian, Corinthian
8. Greek Columns
make a sketch each type of column in your notes
Doric
Ionic
Corinthian
9. Agora
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Marketplace
Built around the acropolis
Rebuilt after Persian War
Center of Athenian social life
Temples, government buildings, marketplace,
recreation, and socialization
10. Pericles
• Military and political leader
• Rebuilds Athens after the Persian Wars
• Made Athens more democratic:
– Paid for being on the Council of 500
– Allowed poor people to participate in government
• Sometime the “Golden Age” of Athens is
known as the “Age of Pericles”
11. Historians
• Herodotus
– 1st Historian of the Western world
– Traveled- wrote about people and their countries
– Wrote about the Persian Wars
– Identified if he heard about it OR if he saw it first
hand
– “Father of History”
• Thucydides
– Wrote “History of the Peloponnesian War”
– Worked to make history accurate and fair
12. Art
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Glorified human beings
Pride in city-state
Combines beauty and usefulness
Show mythological and everyday events
Paintings
– Most are lost or damaged
– Best on pottery (Red and Black figure painting)
13. Sculptures
• Myron
– Created the Discus Thrower
• Phidias
– Statue of Athena
– Zeus at the temple of Olympia
– Acropolis and the Parthenon
14. Theater
• Drama= plays containing actions or dialogue,
involving conflict or emotion
• Tragedies= main character struggles against
fate or events, main character suffers
• Comedies= makes fun of ideas and people
• Men played all parts and wore masks
15. Theater- famous playwrights
Sophocles
◦ Defended traditional Greek values
◦ Perfect examples of tragedy
◦ Oedipus Rex- kills dad, marries mom, stabs own
eyes own
Euripides
◦ Realist, questions old beliefs and ideas
◦ Medea- tragedy of revenge, Medea seeks revenge
on cheating husband
16. Theater- famous playwrights
• Aeschylus
– Writes over 80 plays!
– “Father of Greek Tragedy”
– Plays have a strong moral and religious emphasis
• Aristophanes
– Finest writer of the Greek Comedy
– Makes fun of ideas and people
• Clouds: makes fun of Socrates
17. Philosophers
• Philosophy- study of basic human questions and
existence
• Socrates
– Education was the key to personal growth
– Question everything! Trained students to think for
themselves (Socratic method)
– Accused of “corrupting young minds” and is sentenced to
death”
– Drinks Hemlock to die
– https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2EwaFkPMdlY
18. Philosophy
• Plato (Student of Socrates)
– Wealthy aristocrat
– “The Republic” which descrives his idea of the
perfect society and government- people should be
ruled by a small group of intelligent people
19. Philosophy
• Aristotle
– Student of Plato, teacher to Alexander the Great
– Studied a variety of subjects
• Collected facts, organized and categorized plants and
animals
– Believed every type of government could be good
• Value of the leader
20. Other Greek Superstars
• Pythagoras:
– Philosopher
– Explained everything with Math!
– Pythagorean Theorem
• Euclid:
– “Father of Geometry”
– Write Elements: basis for many of today’s geometry
textbooks
21. • Hippocrates
– “Father of Medical Science”
– Observation, experiment, experience
– Hippocratic Oath: code of ethic for doctors
• Archimedes:
– Calculates Pi
– Used math a physics for practical uses
