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1 book-keeping dr[1]. & cr.
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4. Double-Entry Accounting “ Double-entry accounting is based on a simple concept: each party in a business transaction will receive something and give something in return. In bookkeeping terms, what is received is a debit or X and what is given is a credit or Y. The T account is a representation of a scale or balance.” Scale or Balance Receive DEBIT Give CREDIT T account Left Side Receive DEBIT Right Side Give CREDIT
5. SSNN Ltd. “ On November 1, 2005, Arun started a project called SSNN Ltd. . Arun plan to use his knowledge of microcomputers and offer computer consulting services for a fee. The following double-entry transactions show how amounts received (debits or X) always equal amounts given (credits or Y).” Arun is Owner
6. Business Transactions General Journal give Credit SSNN ltd. (investee) X (investor) give Credit Entry A. Date Description Debit Credit 11/1 Arun deposits $ 25,000 in a bank account for SSNN ltd. in exchange for Shares. receive Debit
7. Arun deposits $25,000 in a bank account for SSNNL in exchange for Share Capital. Business Transactions General Journal give Credit SSNNL (investee) Cash X (investor) give Credit Entry A. Date Description Debit Credit 11/1 Cash 25,000 receive Debit
8. Business Transactions General Journal Date Description Debit Credit 11/1 Cash 25,000 Shares 25,000 give Credit SSNNL (investee) Cash Capital Stock X (investor) give Credit Entry A. Arun started project SSNNL from cash of Rs. 25,000 receive Debit
9. SSNNL buys land for $20,000. Business Transactions give Credit SSNNL (buyer) Land Owner (seller) give Credit Entry B. General Journal Date Description Debit Credit 11/5 receive Debit
10. SSNNL buys land for $20,000. Business Transactions give Credit SSNNL (buyer) Land Land Owner (seller) give Credit Entry B. General Journal Date Description Debit Credit 11/5 Land 20,000 receive Debit
11. SSNNL buys land for $20,000. Business Transactions give Credit SSNNL (buyer) Land Cash Land Owner (seller) give Credit Entry B. General Journal Date Description Debit Credit 11/5 Land 20,000 Cash 20,000 receive Debit
12. SSNNL buys supply / goods for $1,350, agreeing to pay in the near future.** Business Transactions give Credit SSNNL (buyer) Supplier (seller) give Credit Entry C. General Journal Date Description Debit Credit 11/10 receive Debit
13. SSNNL buys supplies for $1,350, agreeing to pay in the near future.** Business Transactions give Credit SSNNL (buyer) Supplies Supplier (seller) give Credit Entry C. General Journal Date Description Debit Credit 11/10 Supplies/goods 1,350 receive Debit
14. SSNNL buys supplies for $1,350, agreeing to pay in the near future.** Business Transactions give Credit SSNNL (buyer) Supplies Supplier (seller) give Credit Entry C. A promise to pay later General Journal Date Description Debit Credit 11/10 Supplies 1,350 Accounts Payable 1,350 receive Debit
15. SSNNL earns fees of $7,500, receiving cash. Business Transactions give Credit SSNNL (seller) Customer (buyer) give Credit Entry D. General Journal Date Description Debit Credit 11/18 receive Debit
16. SSNNL earns fees of $7,500, receiving cash. Business Transactions give Credit SSNNL (seller) Cash Customer (buyer) give Credit Entry D. General Journal Date Description Debit Credit 11/18 Cash 7,500 receive Debit
17. SSNNL earns fees of $7,500, receiving cash. Business Transactions give Credit SSNNL (seller) Cash Customer (buyer) give Credit Entry D. Services General Journal Date Description Debit Credit 11/18 Cash 7,500 Fees Earned 7,500 receive Debit
18. Date Description Debit Credit SSNNL paid: wages, $2,125; rent, $800; utilities, $450; and miscellaneous, $275. Business Transactions General Journal give Credit SSNNL (buyer) Various suppliers give Credit Entry E. receive Debit
19. Date Description Debit Credit 11/18 Wages Expense 2,125 Rent Expense 800 Utilities Expense 450 Misc. Expense 275 SSNNL paid: wages, $2,125; rent, $800; utilities, $450; and miscellaneous, $275. Business Transactions General Journal give Credit SSNNL (buyer) Services, benefits Various suppliers give Credit Entry E. receive Debit
20. Date Description Debit Credit 11/18 Wages Expense 2,125 Rent Expense 800 Utilities Expense 450 Misc. Expense 275 Cash 3,650 SSNNL paid: wages, $2,125; rent, $800; utilities, $450; and miscellaneous, $275. Business Transactions General Journal give Credit SSNNL (buyer) Services, benefits Various suppliers give Credit Entry E. Cash receive Debit
21. SSNNL pays $950 to creditors on account. Business Transactions give Credit SSNNL (payor) Supplier (payee) give Credit Entry F. General Journal Date Description Debit Credit 11/30 receive Debit
22. SSNNL pays $950 to creditors on account. Business Transactions give Credit SSNNL (payor) Reduction in obligation Supplier (payee) give Credit Entry F. General Journal Date Description Debit Credit 11/30 Accounts Payable 950 receive Debit
23. SSNNL pays $950 to creditors on account. Business Transactions give Credit SSNNL (payor) Reduction in obligation Supplier (payee) give Credit Entry F. Cash General Journal Date Description Debit Credit 11/30 Accounts Payable 950 Cash 950 receive Debit
24. At the end of the month, the cost of supplies/goods on hand is $550. ** Business Transactions give Credit SSNNL (user) Internal Transaction (no external entity) give Credit Entry G. General Journal Date Description Debit Credit 11/30 receive Debit
25. At the end of the month, the cost of supplies/goods on hand is $550.** Business Transactions give Credit SSNNL (user) Use of supplies Internal Transaction (no external entity) give Credit Entry G. General Journal Date Description Debit Credit 11/30 Supplies Expense 800 receive Debit Balance of Supplies account $1,350 less $550 on hand = $800 used
26. At the end of the month, the cost of supplies/goods on hand is $550.** Business Transactions give Credit SSNNL (user) Use of supplies Internal Transaction (no external entity) give Credit Entry G. Supplies General Journal Date Description Debit Credit 11/30 Supplies Expense 800 Supplies 800 receive Debit Balance of Supplies account $1,350 less $550 on hand = $800 used
27. SSNNL paid dividends of $2,000. Business Transactions give Credit SSNNL (payer) X (stockholder) give Credit Entry H. General Journal Date Description Debit Credit 11/30 receive Debit
28. Business Transactions give Credit SSNNL (payer) Reduction in equity X (stockholder) give Credit Entry H. General Journal Date Description Debit Credit 11/30 Dividends 2,000 SSNNL paid dividends of $2,000. receive Debit
29. Business Transactions give Credit SSNNL (payer) Reduction in obligation X (stockholder) give Credit Entry H. Cash General Journal Date Description Debit Credit 11/30 Dividends 2,000 Cash 2,000 SSNNL paid dividends of $2,000. receive Debit
30. Post. Date Description Ref. Debit Credit 12/1 Prepaid Insurance 2,400 Cash 2,400 General Journal Page 1 Recording and Posting an Entry
31. Post. Date Description Ref. Debit Credit 12/1 Prepaid Insurance 2,400 Cash 2,400 Post. Balance Date Item Ref. Debit Credit Debit Credit 12/1 Account: Prepaid Insurance Account No. 15 General Journal General Ledger Page 1 Recording and Posting an Entry Enter the transaction date in the ledger account. 1 1
32. Post. Date Description Ref. Debit Credit 12/1 Prepaid Insurance 2,400 Cash 2,400 Post. Balance Date Item Ref. Debit Credit Debit Credit 12/1 1 2,400 Account: Prepaid Insurance Account No. 15 General Journal General Ledger Page 1 Recording and Posting an Entry Enter the debit amount in the ledger debit column. 2 2
33. Post. Date Description Ref. Debit Credit 12/1 Prepaid Insurance 2,400 Cash 2,400 Post. Balance Date Item Ref. Debit Credit Debit Credit 12/1 1 2,400 2,400 Account: Prepaid Insurance Account No. 15 General Journal General Ledger Page 1 Recording and Posting an Entry Update the ledger account balance. 3 3
34. Post. Date Description Ref. Debit Credit 12/1 Prepaid Insurance 2,400 Cash 2,400 Post. Balance Date Item Ref. Debit Credit Debit Credit 12/1 1 Account: Prepaid Insurance Account No. 15 General Journal General Ledger Page 1 Recording and Posting an Entry 4 Enter the journal page in the ledger account. 4
35. Post. Date Description Ref. Debit Credit 12/1 Prepaid Insurance 15 2,400 Cash 2,400 Post. Balance Date Item Ref. Debit Credit Debit Credit 12/1 1 2,400 2,400 Account: Prepaid Insurance Account No. 15 General Journal General Ledger Page 1 Recording and Posting an Entry Enter the ledger account number in the journal. 5 5
36. Recording and Posting an Entry Post. Date Description Ref. Debit Credit 12/1 Prepaid Insurance 15 2,400 Cash 11 2,400 Post. Balance Date Item Ref. Debit Credit Debit Credit 11/30 Balance 5,900 12/1 1 2,400 3,500 Account: Cash Account No. 11 General Journal General Ledger Page 1 All five parts of the credit posting are shown. 1 5 2 3 4
37. Correcting Errors Three Types of Errors Journal Entry Ledger Posting Correction Procedure 1. incorrect not posted correct Journal
38. Correcting Errors Three Types of Errors Journal Entry Ledger Posting Correction Procedure 1. incorrect not posted correct Journal 2. correct incorrectly posted correct Ledger