Jornada "El desarrollo de los Servicios a la Persona (SAP): Oportunidad para la Creación de Empleo, Emprendimiento y Bienestar Social", organizada por la Asociación Española de Servicios a la Persona (AESP) el 26 de noviembre de 2013 en la sede de la Representación de la Comisión Europea en Madrid. Jornada realizada para reflexionar e intercambiar puntos de vista sobre la actualidad del sector de los servicios a la persona y sobre las oportunidades que aún están por explotar en lo referente a desarrollo empresarial y creación de empleo formal, en un sector donde aún es predominante la actividad realizada dentro de la economía sumergida. Como conclusiones generales de la jornada destacar la importancia de un sector que por sus características, es un sector clave para atender las necesidades a las que se enfrenta nuestra sociedad contribuyendo a su mayor calidad de vida y bienestar y por su gran potencial en creación de nuevos empleos. Para mayor información sobre esta jornada http://www.aesp.es/desarrollo_SAP.html

1. PERSONAL AND HOUSHOLD SERVICES
Madrid, 26 November 2013
Jean-François LEBRUN
European Commission, DG EMPL

2. OBJECTIVES – Opportunities in 3 domains
Social - Existing and future needs
Needs linked to the demographic evolution (ageing population and more active women)
Childcare, long term care, care for dependant people and non-care activities
Access, universality versus selectivity, quality
Employment – Creation of new jobs (5 million in EU 28)
Job creation
Fight against undeclared work
Characteristics of these activities: highest job content, local (or low import content),…
Economic – A new sector
Development of a new "sector" by the externalisation of several activities made at home
Specialisation, economy of scale, technical progress

3. Social objective
More needs tomorrow
More reconciliation needs
Female employment rate
+ 80
More dependency needs

4. Employment objective
•
•
•
•
•
•
More social services
Quasi-market
Allocations to stay at home
LETS
Voluntary services
…..
PHS: An ICEBERG of 120 millions FTP (full time equivalent).
Each adult works 3 hours at home (OECD)

5. Economic objective
Food
Clothes
Energy
Transport
House
…
Childcare
Home help
Elderly care
Cleaning
Home repairs
Gardening
…
?
Externalisation
Specialisation
Technological
progress
Productivity
Myself ?
?
The women ?
Autoproduction
An external
Specialist ?

6. PHS: A decision-making process
No choice
Access ?
Choice
Prices ?

7. PHS: A rational choice and a need for public interventions*
2
1
=
op
ut
A
ro
tio
uc
d
n
1
Informal
2
1
1
<1
0
With a public support close to the tax wedge (40-50%), the intervention is
neutral for public finance (following several studies)
But who pay ? who receive the returns ?

8. FIVE STEPS APPROACH
1.Identification of needs
2.Certification of providers
3.Co-financing by the user
4.Evaluation
5.Support activities

9. 1. Identification of needs
Public opinion survey
Stakeholders audition
+ Analysis of current supply
(including undeclared economy & price on the "black market")
→ list of activities and their prices
2. Certification (or license) of providers
Based on quality requirements, skills requirements,…
Competition between the providers
(public services, social economy or private companies)
No public procurements
Requirements in terms of professionalization, vocational training, social
dialogue,…
3. Co-financing by the user
The user (beneficiary or customer) must pay part of the cost (0 to 100%)
Fiscal deductibility or direct support (voucher)
A grid of financial support in function of criteria (income, dependency, age,)
The "public" financial support is "carried" by the user, the demand side
Simple procedures

10. 4. Evaluation
Analysis of the needs satisfaction (opinion surveys,…)
Analysis of the employment and financial returns
Evaluation of quality and working conditions
Rating by the users (online plateform,…)
5. Support activities
Communication campaign
R&D
Others co-financing organisations (enterprises (work life balance, CSR,
…), insurance, charities,…)

11. 1. Identification of needs
Activities made at home
CARE (without health dimension)
•Child
•Elderly
•Disabled
•Dependent
Social policy
•SSIG
•Access
•Quality Made at
•
•
•
•
NON-CARE
Cleaning
Ironing
Gardening
…..
Employment policy
Undeclared workers
Job creation
Use of time
home
Answers to needs
Complementarities but different logics
Low-medium skills
Self-production possible

12. Eurobarometer

13. 2. Certification (or license) of providers
Competition
Quality of services
Skills (social, communication and technical)
Commitment (empathy,…)
Segmentation (several providers)
Quality of work
Working conditions (working hours, wages, transport,…)
Training
Public authorities can fix requirements, conditions,…
to the service providers

14. PHS: WORKING CONDITIONS ?
• Low wages
• Low productivity
• Budget constraints
•
•
•
•
•
Working time
Job security
Physical risks
Psychological risks
Transport
• Recruitement
• Retention






Training
New technologies
Quality control
Social dialogue
ILO Convention
Cultural Change /
communication

15. 3. Co-financing by the user
HIGH PUBLIC EXPENSES
BUT THERE ARE IMPORTANT RETURN EFFECTS
- Job creation (taxation, social security contributions,…)
- Better balancing family life and work (productivity)
Earn-back effects
1st order earn-back effects
2nd order earn-back effects
- Social security
contributions
- Additional personal taxes
- Reduction in
unemployment benefits
- Additional job creation
(manager, assistant,…)
- Corporate taxes
- Less stress, less
absenteeism,…
- More working hours/job
returns
- Cost of alternative
solutions
(institutionalisation,…)
WHY? IN LINE WITH THE CARACTERISTICS OF THESE ACTIVITIES:
- High employment content between 0,95 and 1,00
- Low-medium skills
- Existence of undeclared work
- Low productivity
- Few or absence of formal job
without public interventions

16. BE
SE
AT

17. Public autorities can
determine their
financial supports
on the basis of
several criteria and
policy objectives.
The only limit is the
black market price.

18. The service vouchers – an interesting instrument
-Tracability (useful for evaluation & costs/benefits analysis)
-Simplicity
-Flexibility (different prices, number of vouchers by person,…)
-Immediate support
Voucher Company
User
Service provider (employees)
Public authorities
Service provider (employers)

19. Vouchers programmes in Europe
(19 EU Member States + Switzerland and Turkey)
Staple Goods
Holidays
8 countries
2 countries
Childcare
Home Services
7 countries
4 countries
Culture / Sport /
Wellness
Training/Education/
School Equipment
Meal and Food
Commuting / Mobility
4 countries
4 countries
21 countries
2 countries

20. 4. Evaluation
Analysis of databases
Opinion surveys
On-line rating
(users, employees)
(for the users & for the quality)
….
Possibility to review the system
But caution to the need to have a stable environment

21. 5. Support activities
Yesterday:
Washing machine, dishwasher,…
PH
S:
Today:
Automatic vacuum cleaner and lawnmower,..
Monitoring devices for elderly
Tomorrow:
eLearning
Intelligent monitoring devices
Tailor made solutions
Other robots
A
Ro
om
fo
r
ne
w
te
ch
no
lo
g
+ Management and administration
+ Infrastructure (domotics, house adapted,…)
+ R&D
New technology + Technical skills
Productivity
ies

22. PHS : A mix of policy objectives
•
•
•
•
•
•
Developing long term care activities
Facilitating reconciliation
Reducing undeclared jobs
Creating job opportunities
Improving quality
Inclusion
At EU level:
Better knowledge
Collecting and sharing
best practices
Support networking
ESF
Several objectives
• Solvabilisation
• Professionalisation
• Simplification
• Cultural changes
European social
Dialogue
SSIG
Strategy
Mix of instruments
Freedom of access
Freedom of choice
Quality framework
VAT

23. Thank you for your attention
•Jean-francois.lebrun@ec.europa.eu