international workshop accelerator based neutron sources for medical industrial and scientific applications torino eurosea international workshop accelerator based neutron sources for medical industrial and scientific applications torino eurosea

13. The accelerators ~ dm 2 ~ dm 2 ~ dm 2 Beam dimension 14 MeV Wide spectrum Wide spectrum Neutron energy 10 MW 1.4 MW ~ 20 MW Total beam power 2 * 125 mA 1.4 mA 20-40 mA Average beam current Continuous Pulsed: 60 Hz – 695 ns Continuous Beam operation Stripping deuton - Litium Spallation on liquid mercury Spallation on liquid lead/bismuth Neutron production deutons H-, converted in p at accumulator ring protons Accelerates With window With window Windowless Target area ~ 40 MeV ~ 1 GeV ~ 600-1000 MeV Beam energy IFMIF SNS ADS

20. RF Linac Overview Particle Source Linac structure : Acceleration (cavities) Transverse focusing (magnets) Electric power Vacuum Cooling RF power and controls Output beam (experiments, users, applications ...) Subsystems SNS - ORNL TTF - DESY

27. The proton linacs

33. Injector, an example: LEDA at LANL RFQ Concept 1.2 MW (structure) 670 kW (beam) RF Power 8 m (4 sections) Length 6.7 MeV Final Energy 100 mA (95 %) Beam current LEDA RFQ: One Section of LEDA-RFQ The LEDA-RFQ fully installed

34. High energy section: the test module Elliptical  =0.47 cavities have been produced, vertically tested and will be equipped to be tested in an horizontal test module by INFN - LASA

39. The Spallation Neutron Source

43. Layout of RF Linac 805 MHz, 0.55 MW klystron 805 MHz, 5 MW klystron 402.5 MHz, 2.5 MW klystron SRF, ß=0.61, 33 cavities 1 from CCL 186 MeV 86.8 MeV 2.5 MeV RFQ (1) DTL (6) CCL (4) SRF, ß=0.81, 48 cavities 1000 MeV (81 total powered) 379 MeV Warm Linac SCL Linac

47. SNS Instruments

48. Q-  Diagram for Inelastic Instruments adapted from “Neutron Scattering Instrumentation for a High-Powered Spallation Source” R. Hjelm, et al., LA0-UR 97-1272 Momentum Distributions Itinerant Magnets Crystal Fields Molecular Vibrations Lattice Vibrations Small Molecule Diffusion Large Scale Motions Polymers and Biological Systems Tunneling Spectroscopy Electron-Phonon Interactions Hydrogen Modes Molecular Reorientation Ultracold Neutrons Fundamental Physics Slower Motions Larger Objects ARCS THERMAL CHOPPER SPECT COLD NEUTRON CHOPPER SPECT BACKSCATTERING SPECTROMETER

49. SNS Reflectometers R min < 5×10 -10 Q max ~ 1.5 Å -1 (Liquids) ~ 7 Å -1 (Magnetism) d min ~ 7 Å 50-100× NIST NG-1 Magnetism: vertical sample Liquids: horizontal sample

54. ITER 3 dpa/lifetime IFMIF 20-55 dpa/year Plasma Facing Materials Structural Materials Functional Materials Advanced Materials are at a critical path DEMO 30 dpa/year

57. IFMIF “Artist View” Ion Source RF Quadrupole Post Irradiation Experiment Facilities High Energy Beam Transport Li Target Li Loop Test Modules inside Test Cells Half-wave resonators 0 20 40 m

60. Accelerator Reference Design High Energy Beam Transport (HEBT) Large Bore Quad & Dipoles, 43 m long SC Half-wave resonators acceleration to 40 MeV Radio Frequency Quadrupole (RFQ) bunching & acceleration 5 MeV; MS to DTL RF Power System 175 MHz 12 RF amplifiers, 1MW CW 100 keV Injector Ion Source 140 mA D + , 100 keV LEBT transfer/match to RFQ 5 MeV 40 MeV 125 mA deuton beam Control Command  2

62. Injector – Initial LEBT design Cone Cameras ACCT Cameras Neutron detector Emittance Monitor DC toroid on HV cable Movable ConFlat Species identification* Thermocouples *fluorescence + shifted Doppler lines analysis

64. Old design: DTL and Matching Section 1st tank parameters Conventional Alvarez technology 1 RF coupler / tank RF Frequency 175 MHz Input energy 5.02 MeV Output energy 9.02 MeV Internal length 4.67 m Internal diameter 1.074 m Number of cells 33 Total power 680 kW Power dissipation 180 kW Efficiency 73.5 % Power coupler Stem-box Cover Tuning Slug Post Coupler Drift Tube Stem Drift Tube To vacuum pump Bulk Tuner

65. Present design: Half-wave resonators (HWR) IFMIF/EVEDA Project Committee meeting (10-11 October 2007) Accelerator Facility Project Plan Superconducting solution: existing modules module double of the one currently operating at SOREQ  L~ 5 m group cavities in long cryostats and conservative gradients Take 175 MHz HWR with big aperture 8-10-12 6 4.5 MV/m 40-50 mm SC IFMIF 5.5 MV/m 30 mm SARAF* project

67. Principle of Test Modules 2 m D + Medium Flux Test Modules High Flux Test Module Low Flux Irradiation Tubes Lithium Target Lithium Tank Shield plug

68. Irradiation modules overview VIT MF-CF MF-LBV MF-TR Upper internal flange Upper reflector Lateral reflector 12 rigs Lower reflector Helium inlet duct Helium exit duct HFTM

69. IFMIF Medium Flux Test Module 3 independent samples in creep fatigue