Violation of refugee rights

School of Póvoa de Lanhosogeography C Violation of refugeerights

School of Póvoa de Lanhosogeography C ,[object Object],The issue of human rights has occupied a prominent place on the international agenda since the UN General Assembly adopted the Universal Declaration of Human Rights in 1948. Likewise it is not possible to speak of without mentioning the chemical molecules or economy without talking on supply and demand, nowadays it is not possible to talk about international issues without reference to human rights. Respect for human rights is now rightly regarded as one of the foundations of peace, security and development. Thus, the current human rights violations lead to refugee movements in the future.

School of Póvoa de Lanhosogeography C ,[object Object],According to the 1951 Convention on the Status of Refugees, refugees are people who are outside their country because of fear of being persecuted for reasons of race, religion, nationality, political opinion or social group membership, and that can not go home. Later, broader definitions now consider how the refugees forced to leave their country due to natural disasters, armed conflict, generalized violence and massive violation of human rights.

School of Póvoa de Lanhosogeography C ,[object Object],Political refugees: people who flee their countries due to persecution for political reasons. Religious refugees: absent themselves from their countries due to persecution because of their religious beliefs. War refugees: people who leave their countries of origin because of war guilt. Ethnic refugees: they leave their countries because they are persecuted or massacres by rival ethnic group from another because of their different ethnicity. Environmental refugees: the result of global warming (raising the average level of water, fire, drought ...) the population is forced to flee.

School of Póvoa de Lanhosogeography C ,[object Object],A refugee has the right to safe asylum. Shall enjoy the same rights and same basic aid than any other foreigner who resides legally in the country. Therefore, the refugees have basic civil rights. Similarly, the economic and social rights that apply to refugees are the same that apply to other individuals. All refugees should have access to medical care and the right to work. No refugee child should be deprived of schooling. Thus, the refugees also have certain obligations, especially to respect the laws of their country hosting them.

School of Póvoa de Lanhosogeography C ,[object Object], Existed at the end of 2008 approximately 26 million people internally displaced in their country as a result of armed conflict, 15 million refugees and 800,000 asylum seekers with pending request. This means that at the end of 2008 approximately 42 million people were displaced against their will (forced relocation) internationally.

School of Póvoa de Lanhosogeography C

School of Póvoa de Lanhosogeography C ,[object Object], The Convention consolidates previous international legal instruments on refugees and provides the most comprehensive codification of refugee rights internationally. Provides basic standards for the treatment of refugees - without, however, impose limits for states to develop this treatment. The Convention should be applied without discrimination based on race, religion, sex and country of origin. It also introduces provisions considered essential to which no objection should be made. Still, establishing arrangements for the provision of documents, including travel documents to refugees in the specific form of a passport. With time and the emergence of new generating situations of conflict and persecution, became a growing need for action to put the new flows of refugees under the protection of the Convention's provisions. Thus, a Protocol on the Status of Refugees was prepared and submitted to the UN General Assembly in 1966. The 1951 Convention and 1967 Protocol, finally, are the means by which it is ensured that any person, if necessary, to exercise the right to seek and take refuge in another country.

School of Póvoa de Lanhosogeography C ,[object Object],Most people can trust their governments to secure and protect their basic human rights and physical safety. However, in the case of refugees, the country of origin has proved incapable of guaranteeing these rights. UNHCR (UN Agency for Refugees) is assigned the mandate to ensure that any person, if necessary, to exercise the right to seek and obtain refuge in another country, and if desired, to return to their country of origin. Countries should not forcibly return or repatriation of refugees to territories where they face danger. Finally, they must cooperate with the UNHCR and for humanitarian reasons, to allow the entry of the spouse and dependent children of any person who is granted temporary protection or refuge.

School of Póvoa de Lanhosogeography C ,[object Object], The UN High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) was established by the UN General Assembly on December 14, 1950, to protect and assist victims of persecution, violence and intolerance. Since then he has helped over 50 million people, twice won the Nobel Peace Prize (1954 and 1981). Today is one of the world's principal humanitarian agencies. As a humanitarian organization, apolitical and social, UNHCR has two basic objectives: to protect men, women and children refugees and seek durable solutions for them to rebuild their lives in a normal environment. The UN agency for refugees is active in over 100 countries and 30 million people are under the mandate of UNHCR. The agency needs to develop large fundraising campaigns. The funds necessary for the survival of millions of people are acquired by the international community, the private sector and private donors around the world.

School of Póvoa de Lanhosogeography C ,[object Object], Artists, intellectuals, athletes and singers are among the celebrities who have devoted most of his time and his public image before the international humanitarian causes. Many of them do in partnership with UN agencies like UNHCR. Despite different careers, the ambassadors of good will have something in common: a willingness to dispense with his time and influence to help people forced from their homes because of persecution or conflict. By using the potential they have to attract public attention and media, to arouse sympathy for refugees. Also, allow the use of her image in campaigns to raise funds and give voice to this good cause. Activities that an ambassador of good will can play are contacts with the media in order to raise public awareness, organizing and participating in events aimed at refugees, refugees visit, getting to know the reality in which they live, among other .

School of Póvoa de Lanhosogeography C ,[object Object],The Executive Committee of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees is a subsidiary organ of the UN General Assembly, which came into operation on 1 January 1959. It was created in 1958 by the Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC) through a request of the General Assembly. Although established by ECOSOC, your documents are published in the series of General Assembly and its annual activity report is sent directly to the General Assembly, which is considered by the Third Committee (responsible for social affairs, humanitarian and cultural). The Executive Committee currently consists of 78 Member States.

School of Póvoa de Lanhosogeography C ,[object Object],The World Refugee Day is celebrated on June 20. This date was established by the UN General Assembly in solidarity with Africa, a continent which has the largest number of refugees and which traditionally have celebrated the African Refugee Day on this same occasion.

School of Póvoa de LanhosoGeography C ,[object Object], Few refugees seeking political asylum to the Portuguese State. The Portuguese Commission for Refugees (CPR) provides these people the necessary support. Refugees who enter our country are people with very few chances and need the maximum help. CPR welcomes refugees after the Aliens and Borders give you knowledge of the people who entered the country. After CPR is responsible for providing protection to refugees through social support, legal and professional. These people are followed until their staying is properly defined, because most refugees arriving in our country have serious social problems. Refugees are people who are very reserved and sometimes contact with them is very complicated. Among other activities, the CPR also organizes conferences and publications, and provides specific training to technicians and students to promote the practice of volunteering. In 2003, were accepted by the Portuguese only 88 applications for political asylum. A very low, if we consider that the EU average than twenty thousand applications

School of Póvoa de LanhosoGeography C ,[object Object],200 million refugees Portugal is one of the countries most affected by the problem of environmental refugees due to climate change. Although located in an area of great vulnerability - Southern Europe - Portugal should escape a disaster. Currently, more than 25 million people worldwide are currently displaced by natural disasters. According to UN forecasts, by 2050 there will be 200 million people forced from their place of residence due to disasters. "Our country should not go to that extreme. We will be rather a destination country for these refugees. We are talking about very low coastal areas, with a very high population density, such as Bangladesh or islands with low altitude," says Filipe Duarte Santos, an expert on climate change that next Tuesday will participate in the IX International Congress organized by the Portuguese Council for Refugees (CPR). For Maria Teresa, president of CPR, the theme chosen for the meeting is of "utmost importance" in the face of visible changes around the planet. "Portugal and the entire community must do more to help people who lost their housing conditions in their countries. If no action is taken to tackle climate change, the situation will worsen." By: André Pereira (Newspaper: ‘Correio da Manhã’)

School of Póvoa de LanhosoGeographyC 500 refugees passed through the institution The Shelter to Refugees Bobadela, who completed four years of existence, has helped over 500 people out of their land to, in most cases, not to return. The head of the social center, Dora Overflows, explains that last year alone 143 people passed through the institution. The vast majority are single men, but there are also women, children and even entire families. She adds that more and more unaccompanied minors to resort to the institution. Wars and political persecution are among the reasons that lead people to abandon their countries of origin to a destination that is uncertain. Portugal is one of the destinations: here may apply for refugee status or residence permit on humanitarian grounds. The source varies depending on areas of conflict, but the vast majority comes from Africa. By:A.C.V. (Newspaper:’Correio da Manhã’)

School of Póvoa de LanhosoGeographyC ,[object Object], For all the above arguments, we conclude that it is up to us, citizens around the world report on what we think is wrong, even if not taking anything for yourself or that is not for our benefit, we can not just think about we should also think about other people who are about to be born, and who will live in the world that we recreate, they can not be sacrificed for the mistakes that we made, they have no guilt of our actions. "The fundamental problem in relation to human rights today is not so much to justify them, but to protect them.“ Norberto Bobbio, “TheRights Era"

School of Póvoa de LanhosoGeography C ,[object Object], http://www.acnur.org/t3/portugues http://diario.iol.pt/sociedade/refugiados-portugal-asilo/963983-4071.html http://dn.sapo.pt/inicio/portugal/interior.aspx?content_id=1699135&seccao=Sul http://www.netmadeira.com/noticias/mundo/2010/11/28/israel-aprova-campo-de-detencao-para-refugiados-africanos http://www.cmjornal.xl.pt/detalhe/noticias/outros/tema-da-semana/200-milhoes-de-refugiados http://www.publico.pt/Mundo/desercoes-de-nortecoreanos-para-o-sul-tem-vindo-a-aumentar_1466212

School of Póvoa de LanhosoGeography C ,[object Object],Bruna Cunha: nº 3 Elisa Vieira: nº 11 Pedro Rodrigues: nº 16

Violation of refugee rights

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