SlideShare ist ein Scribd-Unternehmen logo
1 von 16
Non Timber Forest Product & its
Trade in Nepal
By:
Chhabi Acharya
INTRODUCTION:
 Non-timber forest products (NTFPs) are wild plant and animal
products harvested from forests.
 These include plants and plant materials used for food, fuel, storage
and medicine, cottage and wrapping materials, biochemical, as well as
animals, birds, reptiles and fishes, for food and feather.
 Although NTFPs (Plant product) are harvested from the wild, people
often gather the seeds of useful plants from the forest and plant them
near their homes.
 These plants are then in the process of domestication. Plants and trees
exclusively cultivated in plantations or gardens and no longer
collected in the wild (e.g. neem tree) are considered to be agricultural
products.
Contd…
 Millions of people – especially those living in rural areas
in developing countries – collect these products daily, and
many regard selling them as a means of earning.
 In the late 1980s, the annual export value of NTFPs was
approximately US$32 M in Thailand, US$238 M in
Indonesia, and more than US$11 M in Malaysia.
 About 80% of the populations of developing countries use
NTFPs to meet some of their health and nutritional needs.
'Living bridge' Formed of the Aerial Roots of the India-rubber in India
CLASSIFICATION OF NTFPs
 Edibles: such as mushroom, the most well known and
documented edible forest products and many other food
products gathered from the forest.
 Medicinal and dietary supplements: This includes plant
based products that are processed into medicines.
 Beginning in the late eighteenth century, over 100 plant
species indigenous to the U.S were commonly accepted
for their medicinal properties.
 Floral products: It includes pine boughs, grapevines,
ferns, and other plant products used for decorative
applications.
Contd…
 These unique forest products may appear in floral
arrangements, dried flower decorations, and ornaments,
common example include products made from pine
boughs, grape vines, moss, ferns and flowers.
 Specialty wood products: include handicrafts, carving and
turnings, musical instrument containers (basket), special
furniture pieces as well as utensils.
 In general, specialty wood products are considered non
traditional if they are produced directly from trees and not
from timber purchased from mills.
Fig. Kava leaf and preparing the Kava roots to make a beverage from it, South
Pacific.
ECONOMIC VALUE OF NTFPs
 From the economic viewpoint, NTFPs are equally
important as wood based products.
 About 150 types of NTFPs are significant in international
trade.
 They are also increasingly being acknowledged for their
role in sustainable development and conservation of
ecosystem.
 Up to 80 percent of the population in developing countries
depends on NTFPs for subsistence, both economically and
for nutrition.
IN NEPAL:
 The collection and sale of non-timber forest products is a major
source of livelihood in some regions of Nepal.
 Nepal comprises 0.1% of the earth land area yet it ranks within the
first quartile for global biodiversity importance. This is because of its
unique bio-geographic location, altitudinal variation and diverse
climatic and topographic conditions.
 Out of 6500 flowering plants found in the country, more than 700
species are recognized as non-timber forest products (NTFPs) and
about 100 species of these are commonly traded.
 Since processing capacity in Nepal is limited, a large quantity of
NTFPs (10,000 - 15,000 tonnes per annum) is exported in raw form,
mainly to India. This is worth about US$26.5 M a year,
approximately 4% of the national gross domestic product of Nepal.
Contd…
 Collectors are usually people living in the hills and remote parts of
the country.
 Because of geographical proximity and non-availability of other
means of earning, their livelihood is depended on NTFPs. They
determine the primary management of NTFPs, and hence most
directly determine the biological sustainability of NTFPs and the
consequent impacts on ecosystem health.
 In particular, overexploitation has placed several high-value NTFPs –
including Nardostachys gradiflora, Rawolfia serpentina and
valeriana jatamansi – under a threat of extinction in Nepal.
 An improved understanding amongst collectors of the marketing,
technical and regulatory aspects of the NTFP supply chains in which
they work may improve both their own incomes and the sustainability
of production.
Wintergreen leaves harvesting in Dolakha
Contd..
 There are many local level enterprises based on NTFPs of nepal,
notably those involving:
 Bamboos for mat and basket-making.
 Daphne bark for lokta paper production, and Girardinia diversifolia
fibres for allo cloth production.
 NTFPs also provide a limited range of raw materials for industry in
Nepal. Of most significance are:
 resin tapping from Pinus roxburghii;
 katha extraction, a dye from the heartwood of Acacia catechu, and
 paper from sabai grass (Eulalopsis binata). However, this paper is
restricted to the littleknown rade in raw materials for which the only
significant markets are in India, beyond Nepal's southern border.
Conclusion
 The above observed point and data shows that there are a
lot possibilities which upgrades the peoples lifestyle
related to the NTFPs and its market value.
 But there is no any proper program to introduce such
program by government. So the main point to focused is
it. Thus there should be the program by government and
other concern site to develop such possibilities, specially
for the people of rural area and for non timber forest area.
References:
 www.MPRA.com
 www.agriculturejournel.com
 www.forest.org.com
Non timber forest in nepal

Weitere ähnliche Inhalte

Was ist angesagt?

Plantation in nepal and in the tropics prakash thapa
Plantation in nepal and in the tropics  prakash thapaPlantation in nepal and in the tropics  prakash thapa
Plantation in nepal and in the tropics prakash thapa
sahl_2fast
 
Teaching Forest Stand Dynamics
Teaching Forest Stand DynamicsTeaching Forest Stand Dynamics
Teaching Forest Stand Dynamics
Edward Wilson
 
Fine roots dynamics in trees
Fine roots dynamics in treesFine roots dynamics in trees

Was ist angesagt? (20)

NTFP: VALUE ADDITION AND IT’S IMPACT ON RURAL LIVELIHOOD
NTFP: VALUE ADDITION AND IT’S IMPACT ON RURAL LIVELIHOODNTFP: VALUE ADDITION AND IT’S IMPACT ON RURAL LIVELIHOOD
NTFP: VALUE ADDITION AND IT’S IMPACT ON RURAL LIVELIHOOD
 
Importance of non wood forest based industry in indian
Importance of non wood forest based industry in indianImportance of non wood forest based industry in indian
Importance of non wood forest based industry in indian
 
Tree Improvement and Silviculture iof
Tree Improvement and Silviculture iof Tree Improvement and Silviculture iof
Tree Improvement and Silviculture iof
 
Forestry
ForestryForestry
Forestry
 
Agroforestry systems and architecture
Agroforestry systems and architectureAgroforestry systems and architecture
Agroforestry systems and architecture
 
Tree forms
Tree formsTree forms
Tree forms
 
Introduction of Non Wood Forest Products
Introduction of Non Wood Forest ProductsIntroduction of Non Wood Forest Products
Introduction of Non Wood Forest Products
 
Plantation in nepal and in the tropics prakash thapa
Plantation in nepal and in the tropics  prakash thapaPlantation in nepal and in the tropics  prakash thapa
Plantation in nepal and in the tropics prakash thapa
 
An Introduction To NTFP.pptx
An Introduction To NTFP.pptxAn Introduction To NTFP.pptx
An Introduction To NTFP.pptx
 
Non-timber forest products and conservation: what prospects?
Non-timber forest products and conservation: what prospects?Non-timber forest products and conservation: what prospects?
Non-timber forest products and conservation: what prospects?
 
Agroforestry
AgroforestryAgroforestry
Agroforestry
 
Introduction to forestry
Introduction to forestry Introduction to forestry
Introduction to forestry
 
Trade Status of NTFPs in Nepal
Trade Status of NTFPs in NepalTrade Status of NTFPs in Nepal
Trade Status of NTFPs in Nepal
 
Plantation in nepal & tropics
Plantation in nepal & tropicsPlantation in nepal & tropics
Plantation in nepal & tropics
 
Teaching Forest Stand Dynamics
Teaching Forest Stand DynamicsTeaching Forest Stand Dynamics
Teaching Forest Stand Dynamics
 
Introduction to forestry some terminology
Introduction to forestry some terminologyIntroduction to forestry some terminology
Introduction to forestry some terminology
 
Market for timber and non-timber products
Market for timber and non-timber productsMarket for timber and non-timber products
Market for timber and non-timber products
 
Afforestation techniques for degraded lands
Afforestation techniques for degraded landsAfforestation techniques for degraded lands
Afforestation techniques for degraded lands
 
Fine roots dynamics in trees
Fine roots dynamics in treesFine roots dynamics in trees
Fine roots dynamics in trees
 
Silviculture iof m.sc
Silviculture iof m.scSilviculture iof m.sc
Silviculture iof m.sc
 

Andere mochten auch

Community Involvement in Science - Dr. Aruna Weerasuriya
Community Involvement in Science - Dr. Aruna WeerasuriyaCommunity Involvement in Science - Dr. Aruna Weerasuriya
Community Involvement in Science - Dr. Aruna Weerasuriya
STS FORUM 2016
 
Morocco_AP3 Case_Study (1)
Morocco_AP3 Case_Study (1)Morocco_AP3 Case_Study (1)
Morocco_AP3 Case_Study (1)
Gregory Valadie
 
North East India Investment Conference By K N Hazarika
North East India Investment Conference By K N HazarikaNorth East India Investment Conference By K N Hazarika
North East India Investment Conference By K N Hazarika
bgogoi
 
Food security & livelihoods golam rasul, senior economist
Food security & livelihoods   golam rasul, senior economist Food security & livelihoods   golam rasul, senior economist
Food security & livelihoods golam rasul, senior economist
ICIMOD
 
Aromatic and medicinal plants in bihar potential and
Aromatic and medicinal plants in bihar  potential andAromatic and medicinal plants in bihar  potential and
Aromatic and medicinal plants in bihar potential and
Krishna Singh
 

Andere mochten auch (20)

Medicinal planr diversity of india
Medicinal planr diversity of indiaMedicinal planr diversity of india
Medicinal planr diversity of india
 
Community Involvement in Science - Dr. Aruna Weerasuriya
Community Involvement in Science - Dr. Aruna WeerasuriyaCommunity Involvement in Science - Dr. Aruna Weerasuriya
Community Involvement in Science - Dr. Aruna Weerasuriya
 
Morocco_AP3 Case_Study (1)
Morocco_AP3 Case_Study (1)Morocco_AP3 Case_Study (1)
Morocco_AP3 Case_Study (1)
 
Harnessing NTFPs for the Green Economy in the ASEAN Region
Harnessing NTFPs for the Green Economy in the ASEAN RegionHarnessing NTFPs for the Green Economy in the ASEAN Region
Harnessing NTFPs for the Green Economy in the ASEAN Region
 
Medicinal plants in India
Medicinal plants in IndiaMedicinal plants in India
Medicinal plants in India
 
North East India Investment Conference By K N Hazarika
North East India Investment Conference By K N HazarikaNorth East India Investment Conference By K N Hazarika
North East India Investment Conference By K N Hazarika
 
Food security & livelihoods golam rasul, senior economist
Food security & livelihoods   golam rasul, senior economist Food security & livelihoods   golam rasul, senior economist
Food security & livelihoods golam rasul, senior economist
 
Forest Products
Forest ProductsForest Products
Forest Products
 
Aromatic and medicinal plants in bihar potential and
Aromatic and medicinal plants in bihar  potential andAromatic and medicinal plants in bihar  potential and
Aromatic and medicinal plants in bihar potential and
 
Digoxin
DigoxinDigoxin
Digoxin
 
Quality Assessment of Selected Indian Medi
Quality Assessment of  Selected Indian MediQuality Assessment of  Selected Indian Medi
Quality Assessment of Selected Indian Medi
 
Medicinal plant and its prospects in bihar
Medicinal plant and its prospects in biharMedicinal plant and its prospects in bihar
Medicinal plant and its prospects in bihar
 
Agroforestry for livelihood support in rural area
Agroforestry for livelihood support in rural areaAgroforestry for livelihood support in rural area
Agroforestry for livelihood support in rural area
 
Salbutamol
SalbutamolSalbutamol
Salbutamol
 
Lifts & Escalators
Lifts & EscalatorsLifts & Escalators
Lifts & Escalators
 
SAR of Morphine
SAR of MorphineSAR of Morphine
SAR of Morphine
 
Medicinal plants
Medicinal plantsMedicinal plants
Medicinal plants
 
Herbal plant presentation
Herbal plant presentationHerbal plant presentation
Herbal plant presentation
 
Opiod Structure Activity Relationship
Opiod Structure Activity RelationshipOpiod Structure Activity Relationship
Opiod Structure Activity Relationship
 
LinkedIn SlideShare: Knowledge, Well-Presented
LinkedIn SlideShare: Knowledge, Well-PresentedLinkedIn SlideShare: Knowledge, Well-Presented
LinkedIn SlideShare: Knowledge, Well-Presented
 

Ähnlich wie Non timber forest in nepal

Wildfire Rachel Platten Analysis
Wildfire Rachel Platten AnalysisWildfire Rachel Platten Analysis
Wildfire Rachel Platten Analysis
Jennifer Cruz
 
Resource potential of non timber forest products in dawro zone, south ethiopia
Resource potential of non timber forest products in dawro zone, south ethiopiaResource potential of non timber forest products in dawro zone, south ethiopia
Resource potential of non timber forest products in dawro zone, south ethiopia
Alexander Decker
 
Collection Of Mushroom 4 Livelyhood
Collection Of Mushroom 4 LivelyhoodCollection Of Mushroom 4 Livelyhood
Collection Of Mushroom 4 Livelyhood
kiran
 

Ähnlich wie Non timber forest in nepal (20)

lec 1 Definition, scope and present status.pptx
lec 1 Definition, scope and present status.pptxlec 1 Definition, scope and present status.pptx
lec 1 Definition, scope and present status.pptx
 
J0312042045
J0312042045J0312042045
J0312042045
 
Forest utilization and its commercial aspects
Forest utilization and its commercial aspectsForest utilization and its commercial aspects
Forest utilization and its commercial aspects
 
Contribution of the non timber forest products to the local communities in th...
Contribution of the non timber forest products to the local communities in th...Contribution of the non timber forest products to the local communities in th...
Contribution of the non timber forest products to the local communities in th...
 
sustainable management of natural resources
sustainable management of natural resourcessustainable management of natural resources
sustainable management of natural resources
 
Wildfire Rachel Platten Analysis
Wildfire Rachel Platten AnalysisWildfire Rachel Platten Analysis
Wildfire Rachel Platten Analysis
 
Course code agr 328
Course code agr 328Course code agr 328
Course code agr 328
 
Introduction, importance and Scope of horticulture.pptx
Introduction, importance and Scope of horticulture.pptxIntroduction, importance and Scope of horticulture.pptx
Introduction, importance and Scope of horticulture.pptx
 
Resource potential of non timber forest products in dawro zone, south ethiopia
Resource potential of non timber forest products in dawro zone, south ethiopiaResource potential of non timber forest products in dawro zone, south ethiopia
Resource potential of non timber forest products in dawro zone, south ethiopia
 
Forestry green economy development and bamboo industry policy in china
Forestry green economy development and bamboo industry policy in chinaForestry green economy development and bamboo industry policy in china
Forestry green economy development and bamboo industry policy in china
 
Forestry Green Economy Development and Bamboo Industry Policy in China
Forestry Green Economy Development and Bamboo Industry Policy in China Forestry Green Economy Development and Bamboo Industry Policy in China
Forestry Green Economy Development and Bamboo Industry Policy in China
 
Report for ecology
Report for ecologyReport for ecology
Report for ecology
 
Contemporary India 2.pdf
Contemporary India 2.pdfContemporary India 2.pdf
Contemporary India 2.pdf
 
The Use of Non Wood Forest Product as Income Generation in Semi Arid Zone Cas...
The Use of Non Wood Forest Product as Income Generation in Semi Arid Zone Cas...The Use of Non Wood Forest Product as Income Generation in Semi Arid Zone Cas...
The Use of Non Wood Forest Product as Income Generation in Semi Arid Zone Cas...
 
I017215860
I017215860I017215860
I017215860
 
Wood for Life
Wood for LifeWood for Life
Wood for Life
 
Medicinal plants as a non timber forest product(NTFP) of Sri lanka
Medicinal plants as a non timber forest product(NTFP) of Sri lankaMedicinal plants as a non timber forest product(NTFP) of Sri lanka
Medicinal plants as a non timber forest product(NTFP) of Sri lanka
 
47.Biodiversity and ntfp; a tool for livlihood A Presentation By Mr. Allah Da...
47.Biodiversity and ntfp; a tool for livlihood A Presentation By Mr. Allah Da...47.Biodiversity and ntfp; a tool for livlihood A Presentation By Mr. Allah Da...
47.Biodiversity and ntfp; a tool for livlihood A Presentation By Mr. Allah Da...
 
Collection Of Mushroom 4 Livelyhood
Collection Of Mushroom 4 LivelyhoodCollection Of Mushroom 4 Livelyhood
Collection Of Mushroom 4 Livelyhood
 
Commercialization of korintji cinnamon that meets the sustainability criteria
Commercialization of korintji cinnamon that meets the sustainability criteriaCommercialization of korintji cinnamon that meets the sustainability criteria
Commercialization of korintji cinnamon that meets the sustainability criteria
 

Kürzlich hochgeladen

Jual Obat Aborsi Di Dubai UAE Wa 0838-4800-7379 Obat Penggugur Kandungan Cytotec
Jual Obat Aborsi Di Dubai UAE Wa 0838-4800-7379 Obat Penggugur Kandungan CytotecJual Obat Aborsi Di Dubai UAE Wa 0838-4800-7379 Obat Penggugur Kandungan Cytotec
Jual Obat Aborsi Di Dubai UAE Wa 0838-4800-7379 Obat Penggugur Kandungan Cytotec
jualobat34
 
💚Chandigarh Call Girls 💯Riya 📲🔝8868886958🔝Call Girls In Chandigarh No💰Advance...
💚Chandigarh Call Girls 💯Riya 📲🔝8868886958🔝Call Girls In Chandigarh No💰Advance...💚Chandigarh Call Girls 💯Riya 📲🔝8868886958🔝Call Girls In Chandigarh No💰Advance...
💚Chandigarh Call Girls 💯Riya 📲🔝8868886958🔝Call Girls In Chandigarh No💰Advance...
Sheetaleventcompany
 
Jaipur Call Girl Service 📞9xx000xx09📞Just Call Divya📲 Call Girl In Jaipur No💰...
Jaipur Call Girl Service 📞9xx000xx09📞Just Call Divya📲 Call Girl In Jaipur No💰...Jaipur Call Girl Service 📞9xx000xx09📞Just Call Divya📲 Call Girl In Jaipur No💰...
Jaipur Call Girl Service 📞9xx000xx09📞Just Call Divya📲 Call Girl In Jaipur No💰...
Sheetaleventcompany
 
Call Girl In Indore 📞9235973566📞 Just📲 Call Inaaya Indore Call Girls Service ...
Call Girl In Indore 📞9235973566📞 Just📲 Call Inaaya Indore Call Girls Service ...Call Girl In Indore 📞9235973566📞 Just📲 Call Inaaya Indore Call Girls Service ...
Call Girl In Indore 📞9235973566📞 Just📲 Call Inaaya Indore Call Girls Service ...
Sheetaleventcompany
 
Electrocardiogram (ECG) physiological basis .pdf
Electrocardiogram (ECG) physiological basis .pdfElectrocardiogram (ECG) physiological basis .pdf
Electrocardiogram (ECG) physiological basis .pdf
MedicoseAcademics
 
Dehradun Call Girl Service ❤️🍑 8854095900 👄🫦Independent Escort Service Dehradun
Dehradun Call Girl Service ❤️🍑 8854095900 👄🫦Independent Escort Service DehradunDehradun Call Girl Service ❤️🍑 8854095900 👄🫦Independent Escort Service Dehradun
Dehradun Call Girl Service ❤️🍑 8854095900 👄🫦Independent Escort Service Dehradun
Sheetaleventcompany
 
Gorgeous Call Girls Dehradun {8854095900} ❤️VVIP ROCKY Call Girls in Dehradun...
Gorgeous Call Girls Dehradun {8854095900} ❤️VVIP ROCKY Call Girls in Dehradun...Gorgeous Call Girls Dehradun {8854095900} ❤️VVIP ROCKY Call Girls in Dehradun...
Gorgeous Call Girls Dehradun {8854095900} ❤️VVIP ROCKY Call Girls in Dehradun...
Sheetaleventcompany
 
Goa Call Girl Service 📞9xx000xx09📞Just Call Divya📲 Call Girl In Goa No💰Advanc...
Goa Call Girl Service 📞9xx000xx09📞Just Call Divya📲 Call Girl In Goa No💰Advanc...Goa Call Girl Service 📞9xx000xx09📞Just Call Divya📲 Call Girl In Goa No💰Advanc...
Goa Call Girl Service 📞9xx000xx09📞Just Call Divya📲 Call Girl In Goa No💰Advanc...
Sheetaleventcompany
 
❤️Amritsar Escorts Service☎️9815674956☎️ Call Girl service in Amritsar☎️ Amri...
❤️Amritsar Escorts Service☎️9815674956☎️ Call Girl service in Amritsar☎️ Amri...❤️Amritsar Escorts Service☎️9815674956☎️ Call Girl service in Amritsar☎️ Amri...
❤️Amritsar Escorts Service☎️9815674956☎️ Call Girl service in Amritsar☎️ Amri...
Sheetaleventcompany
 

Kürzlich hochgeladen (20)

ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY OF REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM.pptx
ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY OF REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM.pptxANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY OF REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM.pptx
ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY OF REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM.pptx
 
Kolkata Call Girls Shobhabazar 💯Call Us 🔝 8005736733 🔝 💃 Top Class Call Gir...
Kolkata Call Girls Shobhabazar  💯Call Us 🔝 8005736733 🔝 💃  Top Class Call Gir...Kolkata Call Girls Shobhabazar  💯Call Us 🔝 8005736733 🔝 💃  Top Class Call Gir...
Kolkata Call Girls Shobhabazar 💯Call Us 🔝 8005736733 🔝 💃 Top Class Call Gir...
 
Jual Obat Aborsi Di Dubai UAE Wa 0838-4800-7379 Obat Penggugur Kandungan Cytotec
Jual Obat Aborsi Di Dubai UAE Wa 0838-4800-7379 Obat Penggugur Kandungan CytotecJual Obat Aborsi Di Dubai UAE Wa 0838-4800-7379 Obat Penggugur Kandungan Cytotec
Jual Obat Aborsi Di Dubai UAE Wa 0838-4800-7379 Obat Penggugur Kandungan Cytotec
 
Bhawanipatna Call Girls 📞9332606886 Call Girls in Bhawanipatna Escorts servic...
Bhawanipatna Call Girls 📞9332606886 Call Girls in Bhawanipatna Escorts servic...Bhawanipatna Call Girls 📞9332606886 Call Girls in Bhawanipatna Escorts servic...
Bhawanipatna Call Girls 📞9332606886 Call Girls in Bhawanipatna Escorts servic...
 
Genuine Call Girls Hyderabad 9630942363 Book High Profile Call Girl in Hydera...
Genuine Call Girls Hyderabad 9630942363 Book High Profile Call Girl in Hydera...Genuine Call Girls Hyderabad 9630942363 Book High Profile Call Girl in Hydera...
Genuine Call Girls Hyderabad 9630942363 Book High Profile Call Girl in Hydera...
 
💚Chandigarh Call Girls 💯Riya 📲🔝8868886958🔝Call Girls In Chandigarh No💰Advance...
💚Chandigarh Call Girls 💯Riya 📲🔝8868886958🔝Call Girls In Chandigarh No💰Advance...💚Chandigarh Call Girls 💯Riya 📲🔝8868886958🔝Call Girls In Chandigarh No💰Advance...
💚Chandigarh Call Girls 💯Riya 📲🔝8868886958🔝Call Girls In Chandigarh No💰Advance...
 
Shazia Iqbal 2024 - Bioorganic Chemistry.pdf
Shazia Iqbal 2024 - Bioorganic Chemistry.pdfShazia Iqbal 2024 - Bioorganic Chemistry.pdf
Shazia Iqbal 2024 - Bioorganic Chemistry.pdf
 
Jaipur Call Girl Service 📞9xx000xx09📞Just Call Divya📲 Call Girl In Jaipur No💰...
Jaipur Call Girl Service 📞9xx000xx09📞Just Call Divya📲 Call Girl In Jaipur No💰...Jaipur Call Girl Service 📞9xx000xx09📞Just Call Divya📲 Call Girl In Jaipur No💰...
Jaipur Call Girl Service 📞9xx000xx09📞Just Call Divya📲 Call Girl In Jaipur No💰...
 
Kolkata Call Girls Naktala 💯Call Us 🔝 8005736733 🔝 💃 Top Class Call Girl Se...
Kolkata Call Girls Naktala  💯Call Us 🔝 8005736733 🔝 💃  Top Class Call Girl Se...Kolkata Call Girls Naktala  💯Call Us 🔝 8005736733 🔝 💃  Top Class Call Girl Se...
Kolkata Call Girls Naktala 💯Call Us 🔝 8005736733 🔝 💃 Top Class Call Girl Se...
 
Call Girl In Indore 📞9235973566📞 Just📲 Call Inaaya Indore Call Girls Service ...
Call Girl In Indore 📞9235973566📞 Just📲 Call Inaaya Indore Call Girls Service ...Call Girl In Indore 📞9235973566📞 Just📲 Call Inaaya Indore Call Girls Service ...
Call Girl In Indore 📞9235973566📞 Just📲 Call Inaaya Indore Call Girls Service ...
 
Electrocardiogram (ECG) physiological basis .pdf
Electrocardiogram (ECG) physiological basis .pdfElectrocardiogram (ECG) physiological basis .pdf
Electrocardiogram (ECG) physiological basis .pdf
 
Race Course Road } Book Call Girls in Bangalore | Whatsapp No 6378878445 VIP ...
Race Course Road } Book Call Girls in Bangalore | Whatsapp No 6378878445 VIP ...Race Course Road } Book Call Girls in Bangalore | Whatsapp No 6378878445 VIP ...
Race Course Road } Book Call Girls in Bangalore | Whatsapp No 6378878445 VIP ...
 
Dehradun Call Girl Service ❤️🍑 8854095900 👄🫦Independent Escort Service Dehradun
Dehradun Call Girl Service ❤️🍑 8854095900 👄🫦Independent Escort Service DehradunDehradun Call Girl Service ❤️🍑 8854095900 👄🫦Independent Escort Service Dehradun
Dehradun Call Girl Service ❤️🍑 8854095900 👄🫦Independent Escort Service Dehradun
 
Gorgeous Call Girls Dehradun {8854095900} ❤️VVIP ROCKY Call Girls in Dehradun...
Gorgeous Call Girls Dehradun {8854095900} ❤️VVIP ROCKY Call Girls in Dehradun...Gorgeous Call Girls Dehradun {8854095900} ❤️VVIP ROCKY Call Girls in Dehradun...
Gorgeous Call Girls Dehradun {8854095900} ❤️VVIP ROCKY Call Girls in Dehradun...
 
Chandigarh Call Girls Service ❤️🍑 9809698092 👄🫦Independent Escort Service Cha...
Chandigarh Call Girls Service ❤️🍑 9809698092 👄🫦Independent Escort Service Cha...Chandigarh Call Girls Service ❤️🍑 9809698092 👄🫦Independent Escort Service Cha...
Chandigarh Call Girls Service ❤️🍑 9809698092 👄🫦Independent Escort Service Cha...
 
7 steps How to prevent Thalassemia : Dr Sharda Jain & Vandana Gupta
7 steps How to prevent Thalassemia : Dr Sharda Jain & Vandana Gupta7 steps How to prevent Thalassemia : Dr Sharda Jain & Vandana Gupta
7 steps How to prevent Thalassemia : Dr Sharda Jain & Vandana Gupta
 
Goa Call Girl Service 📞9xx000xx09📞Just Call Divya📲 Call Girl In Goa No💰Advanc...
Goa Call Girl Service 📞9xx000xx09📞Just Call Divya📲 Call Girl In Goa No💰Advanc...Goa Call Girl Service 📞9xx000xx09📞Just Call Divya📲 Call Girl In Goa No💰Advanc...
Goa Call Girl Service 📞9xx000xx09📞Just Call Divya📲 Call Girl In Goa No💰Advanc...
 
Cardiac Output, Venous Return, and Their Regulation
Cardiac Output, Venous Return, and Their RegulationCardiac Output, Venous Return, and Their Regulation
Cardiac Output, Venous Return, and Their Regulation
 
Ahmedabad Call Girls Book Now 9630942363 Top Class Ahmedabad Escort Service A...
Ahmedabad Call Girls Book Now 9630942363 Top Class Ahmedabad Escort Service A...Ahmedabad Call Girls Book Now 9630942363 Top Class Ahmedabad Escort Service A...
Ahmedabad Call Girls Book Now 9630942363 Top Class Ahmedabad Escort Service A...
 
❤️Amritsar Escorts Service☎️9815674956☎️ Call Girl service in Amritsar☎️ Amri...
❤️Amritsar Escorts Service☎️9815674956☎️ Call Girl service in Amritsar☎️ Amri...❤️Amritsar Escorts Service☎️9815674956☎️ Call Girl service in Amritsar☎️ Amri...
❤️Amritsar Escorts Service☎️9815674956☎️ Call Girl service in Amritsar☎️ Amri...
 

Non timber forest in nepal

  • 1. Non Timber Forest Product & its Trade in Nepal By: Chhabi Acharya
  • 2. INTRODUCTION:  Non-timber forest products (NTFPs) are wild plant and animal products harvested from forests.  These include plants and plant materials used for food, fuel, storage and medicine, cottage and wrapping materials, biochemical, as well as animals, birds, reptiles and fishes, for food and feather.  Although NTFPs (Plant product) are harvested from the wild, people often gather the seeds of useful plants from the forest and plant them near their homes.  These plants are then in the process of domestication. Plants and trees exclusively cultivated in plantations or gardens and no longer collected in the wild (e.g. neem tree) are considered to be agricultural products.
  • 3. Contd…  Millions of people – especially those living in rural areas in developing countries – collect these products daily, and many regard selling them as a means of earning.  In the late 1980s, the annual export value of NTFPs was approximately US$32 M in Thailand, US$238 M in Indonesia, and more than US$11 M in Malaysia.  About 80% of the populations of developing countries use NTFPs to meet some of their health and nutritional needs.
  • 4. 'Living bridge' Formed of the Aerial Roots of the India-rubber in India
  • 5. CLASSIFICATION OF NTFPs  Edibles: such as mushroom, the most well known and documented edible forest products and many other food products gathered from the forest.  Medicinal and dietary supplements: This includes plant based products that are processed into medicines.  Beginning in the late eighteenth century, over 100 plant species indigenous to the U.S were commonly accepted for their medicinal properties.  Floral products: It includes pine boughs, grapevines, ferns, and other plant products used for decorative applications.
  • 6. Contd…  These unique forest products may appear in floral arrangements, dried flower decorations, and ornaments, common example include products made from pine boughs, grape vines, moss, ferns and flowers.  Specialty wood products: include handicrafts, carving and turnings, musical instrument containers (basket), special furniture pieces as well as utensils.  In general, specialty wood products are considered non traditional if they are produced directly from trees and not from timber purchased from mills.
  • 7. Fig. Kava leaf and preparing the Kava roots to make a beverage from it, South Pacific.
  • 8. ECONOMIC VALUE OF NTFPs  From the economic viewpoint, NTFPs are equally important as wood based products.  About 150 types of NTFPs are significant in international trade.  They are also increasingly being acknowledged for their role in sustainable development and conservation of ecosystem.  Up to 80 percent of the population in developing countries depends on NTFPs for subsistence, both economically and for nutrition.
  • 9. IN NEPAL:  The collection and sale of non-timber forest products is a major source of livelihood in some regions of Nepal.  Nepal comprises 0.1% of the earth land area yet it ranks within the first quartile for global biodiversity importance. This is because of its unique bio-geographic location, altitudinal variation and diverse climatic and topographic conditions.  Out of 6500 flowering plants found in the country, more than 700 species are recognized as non-timber forest products (NTFPs) and about 100 species of these are commonly traded.  Since processing capacity in Nepal is limited, a large quantity of NTFPs (10,000 - 15,000 tonnes per annum) is exported in raw form, mainly to India. This is worth about US$26.5 M a year, approximately 4% of the national gross domestic product of Nepal.
  • 10.
  • 11. Contd…  Collectors are usually people living in the hills and remote parts of the country.  Because of geographical proximity and non-availability of other means of earning, their livelihood is depended on NTFPs. They determine the primary management of NTFPs, and hence most directly determine the biological sustainability of NTFPs and the consequent impacts on ecosystem health.  In particular, overexploitation has placed several high-value NTFPs – including Nardostachys gradiflora, Rawolfia serpentina and valeriana jatamansi – under a threat of extinction in Nepal.  An improved understanding amongst collectors of the marketing, technical and regulatory aspects of the NTFP supply chains in which they work may improve both their own incomes and the sustainability of production.
  • 13. Contd..  There are many local level enterprises based on NTFPs of nepal, notably those involving:  Bamboos for mat and basket-making.  Daphne bark for lokta paper production, and Girardinia diversifolia fibres for allo cloth production.  NTFPs also provide a limited range of raw materials for industry in Nepal. Of most significance are:  resin tapping from Pinus roxburghii;  katha extraction, a dye from the heartwood of Acacia catechu, and  paper from sabai grass (Eulalopsis binata). However, this paper is restricted to the littleknown rade in raw materials for which the only significant markets are in India, beyond Nepal's southern border.
  • 14. Conclusion  The above observed point and data shows that there are a lot possibilities which upgrades the peoples lifestyle related to the NTFPs and its market value.  But there is no any proper program to introduce such program by government. So the main point to focused is it. Thus there should be the program by government and other concern site to develop such possibilities, specially for the people of rural area and for non timber forest area.