حاسب أول متوسط الفصل الأول كتاب الطالب 1436-1437

1. ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺮﺍﺟﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺄﻟﻴﻒ‬ ‫ﻗﺎﻡ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺨﺼﺼﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻓﺮﻳﻖ‬
‫ﻫـ‬ ١٤٣٧ - ١٤٣٦ ‫ﺗﺠﺮﻳﺒﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻃﺒﻌﺔ‬
‫ﻡ‬ ٢٠١٦ - ٢٠١٥
¢ùjQó`Jº`«`∏©àdGhá`«`Hô`à`dGIQGRhäQô`b
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∫hC’G»°SGQódGπ°üØdG
á«∏ª©dGäÉÑjQóàdGhÖdÉ£dGÜÉàc

2. ì`g1436,º«∏©àdGhá«HÎdGIQGRh
1436/3264:´GójE’GºbQ
978-603-508-097-2:∂eOQ
‫ﺍﻟﻨـﺸـﺮ‬ ‫ﺃﺛﻨـﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﻃﻨﻴـﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻬﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻠـﻚ‬ ‫ﻣﻜﺘﺒـﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻬﺮﺳﺔ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠـﻴـﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘـﺮﺑﻴـﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺯﺍﺭﺓ‬
‫ﻛﺘﺎﺏ‬ -‫ﺍﻷﻭﻝ‬‫ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﳼ‬‫:ﺍﻟﻔﺼﻞ‬‫ﺍﳌﺘﻮﺳﻂ‬‫ﺍﻷﻭﻝ‬‫ﻟﻠﺼﻒ‬‫ﺍﳌﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ‬‫ﻭﺗﻘﻨﻴﺔ‬‫ﺍﳊﺎﺳﺐ‬
.‫،٦٣٤١ﻫـ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺮﻳﺎﺽ‬ - .‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﱰﺑﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺯﺍﺭﺓ‬ / ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺪﺭﻳﺒﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻟﺐ‬
‫ﺳﻢ‬ ٢٥٫٥ x ٢١ ‫؛‬ ‫ﺹ‬ ١١٢
.‫ﺩﺭﺍﺳﻴـﺔ‬‫ﻛﺘﺐ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻌﻮﺩﻳـﺔ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺘﻮﺳﻂ‬‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻢ‬ ‫ـ‬٢ ‫ﺍﳊـﻮﺍﺳـﻴﺐ‬ ‫ـ‬١:‫ﺭﺩﻣـﻚ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻌﻨﻮﺍﻥ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﺃ‬
١٤٣٦/٣٢٦٤ ٠٠٤٫٠٧١٢ ‫ﺩﻳـﻮﻱ‬
.¬©eÉæcƒ∏°Sø°ùM≈∏Yó¡°ûJ¬àaɶfπ©éædh,¬«∏YßaÉëæ∏aIô«ÑcIóFÉah᪡e᪫bQô≤ªdGGò¡d
.¬HßØàëJÉæà°SQóeáÑàµeπ©éæ∏a,IOÉØà°SÓdΩÉ©dGôNBG»aá°UÉîdGÉæàÑàµe»aQô≤ªdGGò¡HßØàëfºdGPEG
ájOƒ©°ùdGá«Hô©dGáµ∏ªªdG`º«∏©àdGhá«HôàdGIQGRƒdáXƒØëeô°ûædGh™Ñ£dG¥ƒ≤M
™bƒeº«∏©àdGhá«HôàdGIQGRh
www.moe.gov.sa
:»`fhô`à`µdE’Gó`jô`Ñ`dG
ègÉæª∏dáeÉ©dGIQGOE’G-Ö°SÉëdGº°ù≤d
computer.cur@moe.gov.sa

4. ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻘﺪﻡ‬ ‫ﻳﺴﺘﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﻭﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‬ ،‫ﻭﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻧﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺎﻻﺕ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻨﻬﻀﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﺳﺎﺳﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺭﻛﻴﺰﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺗﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻨﻴﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺪ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻻﺗﺼﺎﻻﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺗﻘﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺘﺠﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺪﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻄﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﻴﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﻭﺻﺎﺭ‬ ،‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺮﺑﻮﻱ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻻﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻱ‬
‫ﻧﺤﻮ‬‫ﺃﻫﺪﺍﻓﻬﺎ‬‫ﻭﺗﻮﺟﻴﻪ‬،‫ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ‬‫ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻧﻴﺔ‬‫ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺘﻤﻌﺎﺕ‬‫ﺑﻴﻦ‬‫ﻭﺍﻟﺤﻀﺎﺭﺓ‬‫ﻭﺍﻟﺜﻘﺎﻓﺔ‬‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺮﻓﺔ‬‫ﺗﻌﻤﻴﻢ‬‫ﻓﻲ‬‫ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻨﻴﺎﺕ‬‫ﻟﻬﺬﻩ‬‫ﺍﻟﻜﺒﻴﺮ‬‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺄﺛﻴﺮ‬
.‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻘﺪﻡ‬‫ﻟﻠﻨﻬﻀﺔ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺃﺳﺎﺳ‬‫ﺑﻪ‬‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺮﻓﺔ‬‫ﺗﻌﺪ‬‫ﺍﻟﺬﻱ‬‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺮﻓﻲ‬‫ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺘﻤﻊ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺑﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺯﺍﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺳﻌﺖ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﺴﻌﻮﺩﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻤﻠﻜﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺮﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺠﺘﻤﻊ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﻜﻮﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺳﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺧﻄﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺟﻬﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻭﺍﻧﻄﻼﻗ‬
‫ﺑﺎﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﺗﻘﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺳﺐ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻬﺞ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺎﻫﺞ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﻄﻮﻳﺮ‬ ‫ﺷﺎﻣﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﻜﺎﻣﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺘﺮﺍﺗﻴﺠﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺧﻄﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻄﻮﻳﺮ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻢ‬
‫ﻣﺠﺘﻤﻊ‬ ‫ﺃﺩﻭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺎﻣﻞ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﹴ‬‫ﻗﺎﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﻧﺶﺀﹴ‬ ‫ﺇﻋﺪﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﺃﺟﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺨﺪﻣﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺗﻄﻮﻳﺮ‬ ‫ﺷﺮﻛﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬ ‫ﻭﺑﺎﻟﺘﻌﺎﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻮﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻮﺳﻂ‬
‫ﺍﻷﺩﻭﺍﺕ‬‫ﺗﻠﻚ‬‫ﻣﻊ‬‫ﻟﻠﺘﻌﺎﻣﻞ‬‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻮﺳﻄﺔ‬‫ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺣﻠﺔ‬‫ﻓﻲ‬‫ﺍﻟﻄﻠﺒﺔ‬‫ﻭﺗﻬﻴﺌﺔ‬،‫ﺍﻟﺮﻗﻤﻲ‬‫ﺍﻟﻌﺼﺮ‬‫ﻫﺬﺍ‬‫ﻭﺃﺩﻭﺍﺕ‬‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ‬‫ﺑﺘﻘﻨﻴﺔ‬‫ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺘﻤﺜﻠﺔ‬‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺮﻓﺔ‬
‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺳﺐ‬ ‫ﻟﻤﻨﺎﻫﺞ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻜﺎﻣﻞ‬ ‫ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻹﺿﺎﻓﺔ‬ ،‫ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺸﺮﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺩﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻥ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻬﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺳﺎﺳﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺳﺎﺋﻂ‬ ‫ﺃﺣﺪ‬ ‫ﺗﺸﻜﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬
.‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻢ‬‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻢ‬‫ﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ‬‫ﻣﺴﺎﻧﺪﺓ‬‫ﻭﺃﺩﻭﺍﺕ‬‫ﻛﻨﻈﻢ‬‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ‬‫ﺗﻘﻨﻴﺔ‬‫ﺗﻮﻇﻴﻒ‬‫ﻭﻓﻲ‬‫ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ‬‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻢ‬‫ﻣﺮﺍﺣﻞ‬
‫ﻭﺛﻘﺎﻓﺘﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﺗﻘﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺳﺐ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻢ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻟﺐ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﻬﻴﺌﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻤﻲ‬ ‫ﺗﺄﺳﻴﺲ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﺣﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻮﺳﻂ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﺣﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺇﻥ‬
‫ﻭﺗﻘﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺳﺐ‬ ‫ﺃﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﻮ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﺤﻘﻴﻖ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻮﺳﻄﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺣﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺪﺍﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻄﻼﺏ‬ ‫ﻟﺪﻯ‬ ‫ﺃﺳﺎﺳﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﻣﻬﺎﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺎﺭﻑ‬ ‫ﻟﺒﻨﺎﺀ‬
‫ﺫﺍﺕ‬ (Computer Science) ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺳﺐ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻮﻡ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺿﻮﻋﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﻋﺪﺩ‬ ‫ﺗﻀﻤﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﺗﻢ‬ ‫ﻛﻤﺎ‬ .(Computer Literacy) ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ‬
‫ﻣﺘﻌﻠﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﻣﻬﺎﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻋﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﻤﺴﺘﻮﻳﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻤﺘﻌﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﻣﻤﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﺪﺭﺳﺔ‬ ‫ﻛﻞ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻄﻼﺏ‬ ‫ﺷﺮﻳﺤﺔ‬ ‫ﻳﻨﺎﺳﺐ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻮﺳﻄﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺣﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﻨﻬﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻤﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻖ‬
‫ﻭﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻻﺳﺘﻜﺸﺎﻑ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺸﻂ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻢ‬ ‫ﺣﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻄﻠﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﺧﺒﺮﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺑﻨﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺮﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺇﺳﻬﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺇﺿﺎﻓﺔ‬ .‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺳﺐ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﻠﻮﻡ‬
:‫ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬‫ﺍﻷﻫﺪﺍﻑ‬‫ﻟﺘﺤﻘﻴﻖ‬‫ﻭﺫﻟﻚ‬‫ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻣﻴﺔ‬‫ﺑﺎﻟﺤﻴﺎﺓ‬‫ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺎﺟﻴﺔ‬‫ﻟﺰﻳﺎﺩﺓ‬‫ﻛﺄﺩﺍﺓ‬‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺳﺐ‬
١.‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺳﺐ‬‫ﻋﻠﻮﻡ‬‫ﻭﻣﺒﺎﺩﺉ‬‫ﺍﻟﺮﻗﻤﻴﺔ‬‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻘﻨﻴﺔ‬‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ‬‫ﻟﺘﻘﻨﻴﺔ‬‫ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﻴﺔ‬‫ﻟﻠﻤﻌﺎﺭﻑ‬‫ﻭﺍﻟﻔﻬﻢ‬‫ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻴﻌﺎﺏ‬
٢.‫ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻣﻴﺔ‬‫ﺍﻟﺤﻴﺎﺓ‬‫ﻓﻲ‬‫ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻘﺎﺗﻬﺎ‬‫ﻣﻦ‬‫ﻭﺍﻻﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﺓ‬‫ﺇﻧﺘﺎﺟﻴﺔ‬‫ﻛﺄﺩﺍﺓ‬‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ‬‫ﻭﺗﻘﻨﻴﺔ‬‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺳﺐ‬‫ﻻﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ‬‫ﺍﻷﺳﺎﺳﻴﺔ‬‫ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻬﺎﺭﺍﺕ‬‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﺭﻑ‬‫ﺑﻨﺎﺀ‬
٣‫ﺍﻟﺬﺍﺗﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﻟﻠﺘﻌﻠﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺮﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﻭﻟﻠﺒﺤﺚ‬ ‫ﻟﻼﺳﺘﻜﺸﺎﻑ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺳﺐ‬ ‫ﺗﻘﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﻮﻇﻴﻒ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺳﺎﺳﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻘﺪﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻟﺐ‬ ‫ﺇﻋﺪﺍﺩ‬
.‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻮﺳﻄﺔ‬‫ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺣﻠﺔ‬‫ﻣﻨﺎﻫﺞ‬‫ﻭﺗﻌﻠﻢ‬‫ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬‫ﻓﻲ‬‫ﺗﻌﻠﻴﻤﻴﺔ‬‫ﻭﻛﻮﺳﻴﻠﺔ‬
٤‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻌﺪﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﻭﺗﻄﺒﻴﻘﺎﺗﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﻻﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻣﺎﺗﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﺗﻘﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺤﺎﺳﺐ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻠﺒﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻳﺠﺎﺑﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻵﺛﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺠﻮﺍﻧﺐ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻔﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺩﺭﺍﻙ‬
.‫ﻟﻠﻤﺠﺘﻤﻊ‬‫ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻤﻴﺔ‬‫ﻓﻲ‬‫ﻭﺩﻭﺭﻫﺎ‬‫ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ‬‫ﺍﻟﺤﻘﻮﻝ‬
٥‫ﻭﺍﺳﺘﻜﻤﺎﻝ‬‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻮﻳﺔ‬‫ﺑﺎﻟﻤﺮﺣﻠﺔ‬‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺳﺐ‬‫ﻣﻨﻬﺞ‬‫ﻣﻊ‬‫ﺍﻟﺘﻜﺎﻣﻞ‬‫ﻟﺘﺤﻘﻴﻖ‬‫ﺍﻟﻼﺯﻣﺔ‬‫ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺔ‬‫ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻬﺎﺭﺍﺕ‬‫ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﻴﺔ‬‫ﺑﺎﻟﻤﻌﺎﺭﻑ‬‫ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻟﺐ‬‫ﺗﻬﻴﺌﺔ‬
.‫ﺑﻨﺠﺎﺡ‬‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻮﻳﺔ‬‫ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺘﻪ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺮﻭﻋﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﺑﺘﻜﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺧﻼﻝ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺳﺐ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻄﻼﺏ‬ ‫ﻣﺸﺎﺭﻛﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻔﻌﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻢ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻳﻨﺒﻐﻲ‬ ‫ﺇﻧﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﻧﺎﻓﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﻣﻦ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺸﺮﻭﻋﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺘﺪﺭﻳﺒﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻗﺴﻤ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻄﻮﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺳﺐ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺎﻫﺞ‬ ‫ﻭﺗﺤﻮﻱ‬ ،‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﺗﻮﻇﻴﻔﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻨﻴﺔ‬
‫ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩﺓ‬‫ﺗﻈﻞ‬‫ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺸﺮﻭﻋﺎﺕ‬‫ﺍﻟﺘﺪﺭﻳﺒﺎﺕ‬‫ﻭﻫﺬﻩ‬،‫ﻋﺪﻳﺪﺓ‬‫ﻣﺠﺎﻻﺕ‬‫ﻓﻲ‬‫ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ‬‫ﻭﺗﻄﺒﻴﻘﺎﺗﻪ‬‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺳﺐ‬‫ﺑﺮﻣﺠﻴﺎﺕ‬‫ﺑﻌﺾ‬‫ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ‬‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬
.‫ﻭﺗﻨﻮﻋﻬﺎ‬‫ﻋﺪﺩﻫﺎ‬‫ﻓﻲ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻬﺎﺭﺍﺕ‬‫ﻣﻦ‬‫ﺍﻟﻤﺰﻳﺪ‬‫ﻛﺴﺐ‬‫ﺑﻨﻔﺴﻚ‬‫ﺗﺤﺎﻭﻝ‬‫ﻭﺃﻥ‬،‫ﻭﻣﺸﺮﻭﻋﺎﺕ‬‫ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻘﺎﺕ‬‫ﻣﻦ‬‫ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻬﺞ‬‫ﺗﻀﻤﻦ‬‫ﺑﻤﺎ‬‫ﺗﻜﺘﻔﻲ‬‫ﻻ‬‫ﺑﺄﻥ‬‫ﻧﻨﺼﺤﻚ‬‫ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻟﺐ‬‫ﺃﺧﻲ‬
‫ﻣﻔﺘﺎﺡ‬‫ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ‬‫ﹸﻌﺪ‬‫ﺗ‬‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬‫ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻨﻴﺔ‬‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬‫ﻟﻠﺘﺪﺭﺏ‬‫ﻧﺸﺎﻃﻚ‬‫ﻣﻦ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻭﻗﺘ‬‫ﺗﺨﺼﺺ‬‫ﺑﺄﻥ‬‫ﻭﺫﻟﻚ‬،‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺳﺐ‬‫ﺟﻬﺎﺯ‬‫ﻣﻊ‬‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺎﻣﻞ‬‫ﻓﻲ‬‫ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻨﻴﺔ‬‫ﻭﺍﻟﻘﺪﺭﺍﺕ‬
.‫ﺍﻷﺧﺮﻯ‬‫ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﻴﺔ‬‫ﻟﻠﻤﻘﺮﺭﺍﺕ‬‫ﺗﻌﻠﻴﻤﻴﺔ‬‫ﻛﻮﺳﻴﻠﺔ‬‫ﺻﻮﺭﻫﺎ‬‫ﺑﺸﺘﻰ‬‫ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻨﻴﺔ‬‫ﺗﻄﻮﻳﻊ‬‫ﺎ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺃﻳﻀ‬‫ﺗﺤﺎﻭﻝ‬‫ﻭﺃﻥ‬،‫ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻌﺮﻓﻲ‬‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺗﻲ‬‫ﺍﻟﻌﺼﺮ‬
،،‫ﺧﻴﺮ‬‫ﻟﻜﻞ‬‫ﺍﻟﻤﻮﻓﻖ‬‫ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ‬‫ﻭﺍﻟﻠﻪ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﻘﺪﻡ‬ ‫ﻳﺴﺘﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﻭﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‬ ،‫ﻭﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻧﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺎﻻﺕ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻨﻬﻀﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﺳﺎﺳﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺭﻛﻴﺰﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺗﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻨﻴﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺪ‬‫ﺍﻟﺘﻘﺪﻡ‬ ‫ﻳﺴﺘﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﻭﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‬ ،‫ﻭﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻧﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺎﻻﺕ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻨﻬﻀﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﺳﺎﺳﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺭﻛﻴﺰﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺗﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻨﻴﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺪ‬

5. ( )
‫ﺍﻷﻭﳳ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺣﺪﺓ‬
٩ ... ‫ﻣﻘﺪﻣﺔ‬ ١-١
٩ ...‫ﺍﻟﺮﻗﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺟﻬﺰﺓ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺗﻤﺜﻴﻞ‬ ٢-١
١١ ... ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﻭﺣﺪﺍﺕ‬ ٣-١
١٢ ...‫ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ‬ ٤-١
١٣ ...‫ﺍﻟﺮﻗﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻨﻴﺔ‬ ٥-١
١٤ ...‫ﻭﺍﻟﺤﺎﺳﺐ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺮﻗﻤﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺠﻬﺎﺯ‬ ٦-١
١٤ ... ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺳﺐ‬ ‫ﺃﻧﻮﺍﻉ‬ ٧-١
١٧ ... ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺣﺪﺓ‬ ‫ﻣﺸﺮﻭﻉ‬
١٨ ... ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺣﺪﺓ‬ ‫ﺧﺎﺭﻃﺔ‬
١٩ ... ‫ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬ ‫ﺩﻟﻴﻞ‬
٢٠ ... ‫ﺗﻤﺮﻳﻨﺎﺕ‬
٢١ ... ‫ﺍﺧﺘﺒﺎﺭ‬... ‫ﺍﺧﺘﺒﺎﺭ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ‬‫ﺍﻟﻮﺣﺪﺓ‬
( )
٢٥ ... ‫ﻣﻘﺪﻣﺔ‬ ١-٢
٢٥ ... ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺳﺐ‬ ‫ﻣﻜﻮﻧﺎﺕ‬ ٢-٢
٢٦ ... ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺨﺼﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺤﺎﺳﺐ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺩﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻜﻮﻧﺎﺕ‬ ٣-٢
٣٧ ... ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺣﺪﺓ‬ ‫ﻣﺸﺮﻭﻉ‬
٣٨ ... ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺣﺪﺓ‬ ‫ﺧﺎﺭﻃﺔ‬
٣٩ ... ‫ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬ ‫ﺩﻟﻴﻞ‬
٤٠ ... ‫ﺗﻤﺮﻳﻨﺎﺕ‬
٤١ ... ‫ﺍﺧﺘﺒﺎﺭ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺣﺪﺓ‬ ‫ﺗﺪﺭﻳﺒﺎﺕ‬
٤٤ ... ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺳﺐ‬ ‫ﺟﻬﺎﺯ‬ ‫ﻭﺗﺸﻐﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺐ‬ :‫ﺍﻷﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺪﺭﻳﺐ‬
٥٠ ... ‫ﺃﺧﺮﻯ‬ ‫ﺑﺄﺟﻬﺰﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺳﺐ‬ ‫ﺟﻬﺎﺯ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻞ‬ :‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺪﺭﻳﺐ‬

6. ‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺜﺔ‬‫ﺍﻟﻮﺣﺪﺓ‬
( )
٥٩ ... ‫ﻣﻘﺪﻣﺔ‬ ١-٣
٥٩ ... (OPERATING SYSTEM) ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺸﻐﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﻧﻈﺎﻡ‬ ٢-٣
٦٠ ... ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺸﻐﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﻧﻈﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻣﻬﺎﻡ‬ ٣-٣
٦٠ ... (COMPUTER OPERATING SYSTEMS) ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺳﺐ‬ ‫ﺗﺸﻐﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﺃﻧﻈﻤﺔ‬ ٤-٣
٦٣ ... (SMART DEVICES OS) ‫ﺍﻟﺬﻛﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺟﻬﺰﺓ‬ ‫ﺗﺸﻐﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﺃﻧﻈﻤﺔ‬ ٥-٣
٦٦ ... ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺣﺪﺓ‬ ‫ﻣﺸﺮﻭﻉ‬
٦٧ ... ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺣﺪﺓ‬ ‫ﺧﺎﺭﻃﺔ‬
٦٨ ... ‫ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬ ‫ﺩﻟﻴﻞ‬
٦٩ ... ‫ﺗﻤﺮﻳﻨﺎﺕ‬
٧٠ ... ‫ﺍﺧﺘﺒﺎﺭ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺜﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺣﺪﺓ‬ ‫ﺗﺪﺭﻳﺒﺎﺕ‬
٧٢ ... ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺘﺐ‬ ‫ﺳﻄﺢ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺟﻮﻟﺔ‬ :‫ﺍﻷﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺪﺭﻳﺐ‬
٧٨ ... ‫ﺍﺑﺪﺃ‬ ‫ﻗﺎﺋﻤﺔ‬ :‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺪﺭﻳﺐ‬
٨٣ ... ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻠﻔﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺎﻣﻞ‬ :‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺪﺭﻳﺐ‬
٨٨ ... ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺠﻠﺪﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺎﻣﻞ‬ :‫ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺑﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺪﺭﻳﺐ‬
٩٣ ... (١) ‫ﺍﻟﺬﻛﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺟﻬﺰﺓ‬ ‫ﺗﺸﻐﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﺃﻧﻈﻤﺔ‬ :‫ﺍﻟﺨﺎﻣﺲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺪﺭﻳﺐ‬
١٠٠ ... (٢) ‫ﺍﻟﺬﻛﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺟﻬﺰﺓ‬ ‫ﺗﺸﻐﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﺃﻧﻈﻤﺔ‬ :‫ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺩﺱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺪﺭﻳﺐ‬
١٠٧ ... ‫ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﻣﺼﻄﻠﺤﺎﺕ‬

7. ( )
‫ﺍﻷﻭﳳ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺣﺪﺓ‬
:
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

8. ٨
‫ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺣـﺪﺓ‬
١.‫ﺍﻟﺒﺎﻳﺖ‬ ‫ﻭﻭﺣﺪﺓ‬ (‫)ﺍﻟﺒﺖ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺜﻨﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺳﺎﺳﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺣﺪﺓ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﻕ‬‫ﱢ‬‫ﺮ‬‫ﹸﻔ‬‫ﺗ‬
٢.‫ﺍﻟﺜﻨﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬‫ﺍﻷﺳﺎﺳﻴﺔ‬‫ﺍﻟﻮﺣﺪﺓ‬‫ﺧﻼﻝ‬‫ﻣﻦ‬‫ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ‬‫ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ‬‫ﻛﺎﻓﺔ‬‫ﺗﻤﺜﻴﻞ‬‫ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺔ‬‫ﹸﻮﺿﺢ‬‫ﺗ‬
٣.‫ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻟﻜﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﻭﺣﺪﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻑ‬‫ﱠ‬‫ﺮ‬‫ﹶﺘﻌ‬‫ﺗ‬
٤.‫ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻗﻴﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﻭﺣﺪﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺘﺤﻮﻳﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺴﺎﺑﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺾ‬ ‫ﹸﺠﺮﻱ‬‫ﺗ‬
٥.‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ‬‫ﺗﺒﺎﺩﻝ‬‫ﻛﻮﺳﻴﻠﺔ‬‫ﺍﻟﺮﻗﻤﻴﺔ‬‫ﺍﻹﺷﺎﺭﺓ‬‫ﻭﻣﻔﻬﻮﻡ‬‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ‬‫ﻭﻣﻔﻬﻮﻡ‬‫ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ‬‫ﻣﻔﻬﻮﻡ‬‫ﺑﻴﻦ‬‫ﻕ‬‫ﱢ‬‫ﺮ‬‫ﹸﻔ‬‫ﺗ‬
٦.‫ﺍﻟﺮﻗﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻔﻬﻮﻡ‬ ‫ﻑ‬‫ﱢ‬‫ﺮ‬‫ﹸﻌ‬‫ﺗ‬
٧.‫ﻭﺍﻟﺤﺎﺳﺐ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺮﻗﻤﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺠﻬﺎﺯ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻼﻗﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺴﺘﻨﺘﺞ‬
٨.‫ﻭﺍﻷﺩﺍﺀ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺨﺰﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﻟﺠﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻗﺪﺭﺗﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺣﺴﺐ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺳﺐ‬ ‫ﺃﻧﻮﺍﻉ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﺰ‬‫ﱢ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﹸﻤ‬‫ﺗ‬
:‫ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ-ﺍﻷﻫﺪﺍﻑ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻠﻪ‬ ‫-ﺑﺈﺫﻥ‬ ‫ﺗﺤﻘﻖ‬ ‫ﺳﻮﻑ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺣﺪﺓ‬ ‫ﻟﻬﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺘﻚ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪ‬
‫ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﻘﻖ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺕ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻋﺸﺮﻳﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﺷﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﺇﻧﻘﺎﺫ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻛﺒﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﺭ‬ ‫ــ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪ‬ ‫ــ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺮﻗﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻸﺟﻬﺰﺓ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺮﺋﻴﺴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻏﺮﻑ‬ ‫ﺗﻠﻘﺖ‬ ‫ﺣﻴﻨﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺼﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻔﺎﺻﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﻭﺗﺄﺗﻲ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﺨﺎﻟﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺮﺑﻊ‬ ‫ﺻﺤﺮﺍﺀ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺗﺎﻩ‬
‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻳﻖ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺎﻟﻢ‬ ‫ﺃﻓﻘﺪﺗﻪ‬ ‫ﻛﺜﻴﻒ‬ ‫ﻏﺒﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺟﺔ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﻫﻤﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﺤﺮﺍﺀ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺷﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﺑﻔﻘﺪﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺑﻼﻏ‬
‫ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺮﻏﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺪﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻋﻴﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻃﻮﻳﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﻋﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﻇﻞ‬ .‫ﺑﺎﻟﺮﻣﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺳﻴﺎﺭﺗﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻘﺖ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬
‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺜﻮﺭ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﺸﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﻣﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﺗﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻭﺑﻔﻀﻞ‬ .‫ﺍﻹﻧﻘﺎﺫ‬ ‫ﻓﺮﻕ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻀﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻘﺎﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻬﻮﺍﺗﻒ‬ ‫ﺧﺪﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺷﺮﻛﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺍﺻﻞ‬ ‫ﺗﻢ‬ ‫ﺣﻴﺚ‬ ،‫ﻣﻌﻪ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺬﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻘﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﻫﺎﺗﻔﻪ‬ ‫ﻃﺮﻳﻖ‬
‫ﹰﺍ‬‫ﺯ‬‫ﺭﻣﻮ‬ ‫ﺗﺤﻮﻱ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﻫﺎﺗﻔﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺎ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﹼ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﺁﻟ‬ ‫ﺃﺭﺳﻠﺖ‬ ‫ﺇﺷﺎﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺁﺧﺮ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻮﺻﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻔﻘﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻌﺎﻣﻞ‬
.‫ﺍﻟﻨﻘﺎﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻬﻮﺍﺗﻒ‬ ‫ﺃﺑﺮﺍﺝ‬ ‫ﻃﺮﻳﻖ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺷﺎﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻘﺎﻁ‬ ‫ﻭﻳﺘﻢ‬ .‫ﻭﺟﻮﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﻣﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺗﺤﺪﺩ‬
:‫ﺗﻤﻬﻴﺪ‬

9. ٩
‫ﺣﺎﺳﻮﺑﻲ‬ ‫ﺃﻓﻬــــﻢ‬
‫ﺃﻫﻢ‬‫ﻣﻦ‬‫ﻭﺃﺻﺒﺤﺖ‬‫ﺍﻟﺮﻗﻤﻴﺔ‬‫ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻨﻴﺔ‬‫ﻓﻴﻪ‬‫ﺍﻧﺘﺸﺮﺕ‬‫ﻋﺎﻟﻢ‬‫ﻓﻲ‬‫ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ‬‫ﻧﻌﻴﺶ‬
،‫ﺍﻟﺤﻴﺎﺓ‬ ‫ﺟﻮﺍﻧﺐ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻛﺜﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﺗﻄﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺿﺢ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﺭﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﻟﻬﺎ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻌﺼﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﻼﻣﺢ‬
‫ﻭﺇﻧﺠﺎﺯ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻋﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺪﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻢ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻳﺤﺪﺙ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪﺓ‬ ‫ﻳﻤﻜﻨﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﻓﻤﺜﻼ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻔﻮﺍﺗﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﻭﺩﻓﻊ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍﻋﻴﺪ‬ ‫ﻭﺣﺠﺰ‬ ،‫ﻛﺎﻟﺘﺴﻮﻕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻬﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻛﺜﻴﺮ‬
‫ﺃﺻﺒﺢ‬ ‫ﻛﻤﺎ‬ .‫ﺍﻟﻨﻘﺎﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﻮﺍﺗﻔﻨﺎ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻤﻮﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﺟﻬﺰﺗﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﻏﻴﺮﻫﺎ‬
‫ﺇﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﺟﻬﺰﺓ‬ ‫ﻭﺟﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺰﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻬﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﻜﺜﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻬﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﻭﻏﻴﺮﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻳﻜﺮﻭﻳﻒ‬ ‫ﻭﺟﻬﺎﺯ‬ ،‫ﺍﻷﺗﻮﻣﺎﺗﻴﻜﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻼﺑﺲ‬ ‫ﻏﺴﺎﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺜﻞ‬ ‫ﺣﺪﻳﺜﺔ‬
.(١-١) ‫ﺷﻜﻞ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺮﻗﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺟﻬﺰﺓ‬ ‫ﺗﻠﻚ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺃﻛﺜﺮ‬ ‫ﻧﻌﺮﻑ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﺘﻄﻠﺐ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺘﻤﻊ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺗﺄﺛﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻭﻣﺎﻟﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺮﻗﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺜﻮﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﺇﻥ‬
‫ﺃﻣﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﺗﻴﺴﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻛﺒﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﺸﻜﻞ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﻫﻤﺖ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﺳﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﺗﻘﺪﻡ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻬﺎﺋﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﻢ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﺍ‬ ‫ﺗﺤﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬
.‫ﺣﻴﺎﺗﻨﺎ‬
١-١
٢-١
‫ﺭﻗﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﺟﻬﺰﺓ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺃﻣﺜﻠﺔ‬ :(١-١) ‫ﺷﻜﻞ‬
‫ﻛﻬﺮﺑﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬‫ﺇﺷﺎﺭﺍﺕ‬‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬‫ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ‬‫ﺗﺤﻮﻳﻞ‬:(٢-١)‫ﺷﻜﻞ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺮﻗﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺟﻬﺰﺓ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻧﺸﺎﻫﺪ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻷﺭﻗﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺼﻮﺹ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﺜﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﺣﻮﻟﻨﺎ‬
‫ﺩﺍﺧﻞ‬ ‫ﺷﻜﻠﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻳﻜﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﻓﻜﻴﻒ‬ ،‫ﻭﺍﻟﺼﻮﺭ‬
‫ﺍﻷﺟﻬﺰﺓ؟‬‫ﺗﻠﻚ‬
‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺘﻤﺪ‬ ‫ﺃﺟﻬﺰﺓ‬ ‫ﻫﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺮﻗﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺟﻬﺰﺓ‬ ‫ﺇﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﻘﻴﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬
‫ﻛﺎﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺘﺤﻮﻳﻞ‬ ‫ﺗﻘﻮﻡ‬ ‫ﺑﻞ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﺒﺸﺮﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺗﺪﺭﻙ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﻓﻬﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﺑﺎﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ‬ ،‫ﻋﻤﻠﻬﺎ‬
‫ﺇﺷﺎﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﺋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺎﻃﻊ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺃﺻﻮﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺻﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﻧﺼﻮﺹ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺇﺫﺍ‬ (ON/‫)ﺗﺸﻐﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﺇﻣﺎ‬ :‫ﺣﺎﻟﺘﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺗﺨﺮﺝ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺷﺎﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﺬﻩ‬ ،‫ﻛﻬﺮﺑﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻳﻌﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﺬﺍ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎﺋﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻴﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺳﻴﻤﺮ‬ ‫ﻭﻋﻨﺪﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﻐﻠﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺋﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻧﺖ‬
‫ﻛﺎﻧﺖ‬ ‫ﺇﺫﺍ‬ (OFF/‫)ﺇﻃﻔﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ،(1) ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺮﻗﻢ‬ ‫ﹸﻤﺜﻞ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﻭﺳ‬ ‫ﻛﻬﺮﺑﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺇﺷﺎﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﻫﻨﺎﻙ‬
‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﺃﻧﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﻤﻌﻨﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎﺋﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻴﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﻳﻤﺮ‬ ‫ﻟﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﻭﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﻔﺘﻮﺣﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺋﺮﺓ‬
.(٢-١) ‫ﺍﻟﺸﻜﻞ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻛﻤﺎ‬ (0) ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺮﻗﻢ‬ ‫ﹸﻤﺜﻞ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﻭﺳ‬ ‫ﺇﺷﺎﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺟﺪ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺮﻗﻤﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺠﻬﺎﺯ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺧﻞ‬ ‫ﺗﻤﺜﻴﻠﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﻧﺼﻞ‬ ‫ﻫﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﺭﻗﻢ‬ ‫ﻛﻞ‬ ‫ﻭﻳﻘﺎﺱ‬ ،‫ﺛﻨﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﺭﻗﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﻳﻄﻠﻖ‬ ،(1) ‫ﻭ‬ (0) ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﻜﻮﻧﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺄﺭﻗﺎﻡ‬
.(bit) ‫ﺑﺖ‬ ‫ﺗﺴﻤﻰ‬ ‫ﻗﻴﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺑﻮﺣﺪﺓ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻬﺎ‬

10. ١٠
‫ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺣـﺪﺓ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺮﻗﻤﻲ‬‫ﺟﻬﺎﺯﻙ‬‫ﻓﻲ‬‫ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺟﻮﺩﺓ‬‫ﺍﻟﺘﻄﺒﻴﻘﺎﺕ‬‫ﻷﺣﺪ‬‫ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻣﻚ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺠﻬﺎﺯ؟‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺧﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﺗﻤﺜﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﺳﻴﺘﻢ‬ ‫ﻛﻴﻒ‬ ،(sky) ‫ﻛﻠﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻛﺘﺒﺖ‬
‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺣﺮﻑ‬ ‫ﻛﻞ‬ ‫ﺗﻤﺜﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻳﻈﻬﺮ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺬﻱ‬ (١-١) ‫ﻟﻠﺠﺪﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺮﺟﻮﻉ‬
‫ﺗﻤﺜﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ‬ ‫ﻓﺈﻧﻪ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﺜﻨﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺭﻗﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﺴﻠﺴﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻬﺠﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺣﺮﻑ‬
‫ﻳﺘﻢ‬ (sky) ‫ﻛﻠﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﺈﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺑﻬﺬﺍ‬ (٢-١) ‫ﺍﻟﺠﺪﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻛﻤﺎ‬ (s) ‫ﺣﺮﻑ‬
(٣-١) ‫ﺍﻟﺠﺪﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻛﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﻤﺜﻴﻠﻬﺎ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺜﻨﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺭﻗﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﺴﻠﺴﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺭﻣﺰ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺭﻗﻢ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺣﺮﻑ‬ ‫ﻛﻞ‬ ‫ﺗﻤﺜﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﻭﻳﺘﻢ‬
.(٣-١) ‫ﺍﻟﺸﻜﻞ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻛﻤﺎ‬ (Byte) ‫ﺑﺎﻳﺖ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﻳﻄﻠﻖ‬ ،(bit) ‫ﺑﺖ‬ 8 ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﻜﻮﻧﺔ‬
‫ﻛﻤﺎ‬ (01100001) ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺜﻨﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺑـﺎﻟﺮﻣﻮﺯ‬ (a) ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺮﻑ‬ ‫ﻞ‬‫ﱢ‬‫ﺜ‬‫ﻳﻤ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﻼ‬‫ﻓﻤﺜ‬
(١-١) ‫ﺍﻟﺠﺪﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻳﻈﻬﺮ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺳﺐ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺗﺨﺰﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﻭﺣﺪﺓ‬ ‫ﺃﺻﻐﺮ‬ :(bit) ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺖ‬
‫ﺃﻭ‬ ، (1) ON ‫ﺇﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺷﺎﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺗﻤﺜﻞ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﻲ‬
.(0) OFF
(bit) ‫ﺑﺖ‬ 8 ‫ﻳﺴﺎﻭﻱ‬ (Byte) ‫)١-٣(:ﺍﻟﺒﺎﻳﺖ‬ ‫ﺷﻜﻞ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺜﻨﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺭﻗﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﺴﻠﺴﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺮﻭﻑ‬ ‫ﺗﻤﺜﻴﻞ‬ :(١-١) ‫ﺟﺪﻭﻝ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺮﻗﻤﻲ‬‫ﺍﻟﺠﻬﺎﺯ‬‫ﺩﺍﺧﻞ‬(s)‫ﺍﻟﺤﺮﻑ‬‫ﺗﻤﺜﻴﻞ‬:(٢-١)‫ﺟﺪﻭﻝ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺮﻗﻤﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺠﻬﺎﺯ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺧﻞ‬ (sky) ‫ﻛﻠﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻤﺜﻴﻞ‬ :(٣-١) ‫ﺟﺪﻭﻝ‬
:(١-١)‫ﺑﺎﻟﺠﺪﻭﻝ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻣﺴﺘﻌﻴﻨ‬
‫ﺣﻮﻟﻪ‬‫ﺛﻢ‬،‫ﺍﻹﻧﺠﻠﻴﺰﻳﺔ‬‫ﺑﺎﻟﻠﻐﺔ‬‫ﺍﺳﻤﻚ‬‫ﺍﻛﺘﺐ‬ ١
.‫ﺍﻟﺮﻗﻤﻲ‬‫ﺍﻟﺠﻬﺎﺯ‬‫ﻳﺮﺍﻫﺎ‬‫ﻛﻤﺎ‬‫ﺛﻨﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬‫ﺃﺭﻗﺎﻡ‬‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬
‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬‫ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬‫ﺍﻟﺜﻨﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬‫ﺍﻟﺮﻗﻤﻴﺔ‬‫ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ‬‫ﻝ‬‫ﹼ‬‫ﻮ‬‫ﺣ‬ ٢
.‫ﺍﻹﻧﺠﻠﻴﺰﻳﺔ‬‫ﺑﺎﻟﻠﻐﺔ‬‫ﻣﻔﻬﻮﻣﺔ‬‫ﻛﻠﻤﺎﺕ‬
:‫ﻣﺜـــﺎﻝ‬

11. ١١
‫ﺣﺎﺳﻮﺑﻲ‬ ‫ﺃﻓﻬــــﻢ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺮﻗﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺟﻬﺰﺓ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻛﻤﻴﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻗﻴﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﻭﺣﺪﺍﺕ‬ :(٤-١) ‫ﺷﻜﻞ‬
٣-١
‫ﻓﻌﻨﺪﻣﺎ‬،‫ﻗﻴﺎﺳﻪ‬‫ﻧﺮﻳﺪ‬‫ﺍﻟﺬﻱ‬‫ﺍﻟﺸﻲﺀ‬‫ﺑﺎﺧﺘﻼﻑ‬‫ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﺱ‬‫ﻭﺣﺪﺍﺕ‬‫ﺗﺨﺘﻠﻒ‬
‫ﻗﻴﺎﺳﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺳﻨﺤﺘﺎﺝ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻓﺤﺘﻤ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻮﺍﻛﻪ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺨﻀﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻛﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺷﺮﺍﺀ‬ ‫ﻧﺮﻳﺪ‬
‫ﻣﺪﻳﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺎﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﺃﺭﺩﻧﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﺇﺫﺍ‬ ،‫ﺟﺮﺍﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻜﻴﻠﻮ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻟﺠﺮﺍﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺯﻥ‬
.‫ﻭﻫﻜﺬﺍ‬ ،‫ﻭﺍﻟﻜﻴﻠﻮﻣﺘﺮ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻟﻤﺘﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻄﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﻗﻴﺎﺳﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺳﻨﺤﺘﺎﺝ‬ ‫ﻓﺈﻧﻨﺎ‬ ،‫ﻭﺃﺧﺮﻯ‬
‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺳﻨﺤﺘﺎﺝ‬ ‫ﻓﺈﻧﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﺎﻝ‬‫ﱠ‬‫ﻘ‬‫ﻧ‬ ‫ﻫﺎﺗﻒ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ،‫ﺣﺎﺳﺐ‬ ‫ﺷﺮﺍﺀ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻧﺮﻏﺐ‬ ‫ﻭﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺘﻤﺪ‬ ‫ﺧﺎﺻﺔ‬ ‫ﻗﻴﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﻭﺣﺪﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺨﺰﻳﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺳﻌﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ‬
.‫ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻛﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻘﻴﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺎﻳﺖ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺖ‬
‫ﺃﺧﺮﻯ‬ ‫ﻭﺣﺪﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻇﻬﺮﺕ‬ ‫ﺃﻛﺒﺮ‬ ‫ﺗﺨﺰﻳﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺳﻌﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻟﻮﺟﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺟﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﻣﻊ‬
:‫ﻛﺎﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ‬ (٤-١) ‫ﺷﻜﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺮﻗﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺟﻬﺰﺓ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻛﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻘﻴﺎﺱ‬
(0)‫ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺮ‬‫ﺍﺧﺘﺮﺍﻉ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻟﻲ‬ ‫ﺑﺸﻜﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺮ‬ ‫ﻳﻌﺮﻑ‬ ‫ﻳﻜﻦ‬ ‫ﻟﻢ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻗﺪﻳﻤ‬
‫)ﻻ‬ ‫ﻟـ‬ ‫ﻟﻴﺸﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻓﺎﺭﻏ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻣﻜﺎﻧ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﺮﻛﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﻭﻛﺎﻥ‬ .(0)
‫ﻗﺒﻞ‬ ‫ﻋﺮﻑ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ‬ ‫ﻧﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺬﻱ‬ ‫ﻓﺎﻟﺼﻔﺮ‬ .(‫ﺷﻲﺀ‬
‫ﻋﻼﻗﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﻛﺎﻧﺖ‬ .‫ﻫﻨﺪﻱ‬ ‫ﺭﺟﻞ‬ ‫ﺑﻮﺍﺳﻄﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﺎﻡ‬ ١٥٠٠
‫ﺍﻟﻌﻜﺲ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻬﻨﺪﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻷﺭﻗﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻭﻭﺛﻴﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﻗﻮﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺏ‬
‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺗﺸﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻧﺖ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺮﻭﻣﺎﻧﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺭﻗﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺗﻤﺎﻣ‬
.‫ﺑﻬﺎ‬‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺎﻣﻞ‬‫ﻭﻳﺼﻌﺐ‬،‫ﺍﻟﻼﺗﻴﻨﻴﺔ‬‫ﺍﻟﺤﺮﻭﻑ‬‫ﺃﺷﻜﺎﻟﻬﺎ‬
‫ﻋﺪﺩ‬ ‫ﻋﻜﻒ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺎﺳﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺨﻼﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﺯﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻭﻓﻲ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺴﻨﺪﻫﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﻛﺘﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﺗﺮﺟﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺏ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﺟﻮﺑﺘﺎ"-ﻭﺍﻟﺬﻱ‬ ‫"ﺑﺮﺍﻫﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻬﻨﺪﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻢ‬ ‫ﺃﻟﻔﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺬﻱ‬
‫ﹰ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﻭﺍﺣﺪ‬‫ﻭﻳﻌﺪ‬‫ﺍﻟﻜﻮﺍﻛﺐ‬‫ﺣﺮﻛﺎﺕ‬‫ﺣﻮﻝ‬‫ﻣﺤﺘﻮﻳﺎﺗﻪ‬‫ﺗﺪﻭﺭ‬
‫ﻣﺴﻴﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻋﻈﻴﻤ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﺩﻭﺭ‬ ‫ﺃﺩﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺐ‬ ‫ﺃﺑﺮﺯ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﻗﺪ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻬﻨﺪﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ -‫ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻢ‬
‫ﻭﺷﺮﺣﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﺗﺮﺟﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻬﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺋﻤﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻦ‬
.‫ﺍﻟﺨﻮﺍﺭﺯﻣﻲ‬‫ﻣﻮﺳﻰ‬‫ﺑﻦ‬‫ﻣﺤﻤﺪ‬‫ﺍﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ‬‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻢ‬
‫ﻳﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻧﻮﺍ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻬﻨﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺨﻮﺍﺭﺯﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﺗﺒﻴﻦ‬
‫ﺛﻘﺐ‬‫ﺑﻮﺿﻊ‬‫ﻳﻘﻮﻣﻮﻥ‬‫ﺛﻢ‬‫ﻭﻣﻦ‬،‫ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻰ‬‫ﺍﻟﺘﺴﻌﺔ‬‫ﺍﻷﺭﻗﺎﻡ‬
‫ﺑﻴﻦ‬‫ﻛﻔﺎﺻﻞ‬‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺷﺮ‬‫ﺍﻟﺮﻗﻢ‬‫ﻣﺤﻞ‬‫ﻟﺘﺤﻞ‬(.)‫ﻧﻘﻄﺔ‬‫ﺃﻭ‬
.‫ﺍﻷﺭﻗﺎﻡ‬‫ﻣﺘﻌﺪﺩﺓ‬‫ﺗﻜﻮﻥ‬‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬‫ﺍﻷﻋﺪﺍﺩ‬‫ﺧﺎﺻﺔ‬،‫ﺍﻷﺭﻗﺎﻡ‬
‫ﻧﻈﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺣﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﺤﺪﺙ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺬﻱ‬ ‫ﻛﺘﺎﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﺄﻟﻴﻒ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪ‬ ‫ﻭﺗﻤﻜﻦ‬
‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻗﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺮ‬ ‫ﺇﻋﻄﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻬﻨﺪﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺴﺎﺏ‬
‫ﺍﻷﺭﻗﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻳﻤﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﻭﺿﻌﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﻢ‬ ‫ﺇﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺴﺎﺑﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ‬
‫ﻗﻴﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺮ‬‫ﱢ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﻳﻐ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻴﺴﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﻭﺟﻮﺩﻩ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻷﻧﻪ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺘﻤﺪ‬ ‫ﻭﻃﺮﻳﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﺟﺪﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﺃﺳﻠﻮﺏ‬ ‫ﻭﻭﺿﻊ‬ .‫ﺍﻟﺮﻗﻢ‬
‫ﻟﻠﻌﺸﺮﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﺃﺧﺮﻯ‬ ،‫ﻟﻶﺣﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺧﺎﻧﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺑﺈﻧﺸﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﻡ‬
‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺼﻔﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻌﺎﻧﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬ ،‫ﻳﺘﺒﻌﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﻟﻠﻤﺌﺎﺕ‬
‫ﻳﻜﻦ‬ ‫ﻟﻢ‬ ‫ﺇﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﺇﻧﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺤﻴﺚ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻄﺮﺡ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻊ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺘﺮﻙ‬‫ﹸ‬‫ﻳ‬ ‫ﻭﻻ‬ (‫)ﺻﻔﺮ‬ ‫ﻭﺿﻊ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ‬ ‫ﹴ‬‫ﺑﺎﻕ‬ ‫ﻫﻨﺎﻙ‬
‫ﻭﺧﺎﻧﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻵﺣﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺧﺎﻧﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﻟﺒﺲ‬ ‫ﻳﺤﺪﺙ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﺣﺘﻰ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺧﺎﻟﻴ‬
.‫ﺍﻟﻌﺸﺮﺍﺕ‬
‫ﻣﺤﻤﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﺳﺐ‬ ‫ﺷﺮﺍﺀ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺪﻙ‬ ‫ﺃﺭﺍﺩ‬
‫ﻓﺎﺳﺘﺸﺎﺭﻙ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﺠﺎﻣﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺗﺨﺮﺟﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﻤﻨﺎﺳﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﻷﺧﻴﻚ‬
‫ﻗﺪﺭﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﺨﺰﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﺴﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﻻ‬‫ﻣﺤﻤﻮ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺣﺎﺳﺒ‬ ‫ﻧﺸﺘﺮﻱ‬ ‫ﻫﻞ‬
‫ﻣﺎﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﺗﻴﺮﺍﺑﺎﻳﺖ(؟‬ 1) ‫ﺑﺴﻌــﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻡ‬ (‫ﺑﺎﻳﺖ‬ ‫ﺟﻴﺠﺎ‬ 250)
‫ﻭﻟﻤﺎﺫﺍ؟‬‫ﺳﺘﺨﺘﺎﺭ؟‬
‫ﺑﺎﻳﺖ‬ 1024 (KiloByte (KB)) ‫ﺍﻟﻜﻴﻠﻮﺑﺎﻳﺖ‬
‫ﻛﻴﻠﻮﺑﺎﻳﺖ‬ 1024 (MegaByte (MB)) ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻴﺠﺎﺑﺎﻳﺖ‬
‫ﻣﻴﺠﺎﺑﺎﻳﺖ‬ 1024 (GigaByte (GB)) ‫ﺍﻟﺠﻴﺠﺎﺑﺎﻳﺖ‬
‫ﺟﻴﺠﺎﺑﺎﻳﺖ‬ (TeraByte (TB)) ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻴﺮﺍﺑﺎﻳﺖ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﻭﺣﺪﺓ‬‫ﺍﻟﺴﻌــــﺔ‬
1024

12. ١٢
‫ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺣـﺪﺓ‬
:(١) ‫ﻣﺜـــﺎﻝ‬
:(٢) ‫ﻣﺜـــﺎﻝ‬
(1 KB) ‫ﺑﺎﻳﺖ‬ ‫ﻛﻴﻠﻮ‬ ‫ﺳﻌﺘﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺫﺍﻛﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﺑﻄﺎﻗﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺬﺍﻛﺮﺓ؟‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻳﺨﺰﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻳﻤﻜﻦ‬ ‫ﺣﺮﻑ‬ ‫ﻛﻢ‬
.‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺣﺮﻓ‬ 1024 ‫ﺗﺨﺰﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﻳﻤﻜﻦ‬ :‫ﺍﻟﺤـــــــــﻞ‬
‫ﺑﺎﻳﺖ؟‬ 4 ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻳﻮﺟﺪ‬ ‫ﺑﺖ‬ ‫ﻛﻢ‬
4 × 8 = 32 bit :‫ﺍﻟﺤـــــــــﻞ‬
‫ﺣﻴﺚ‬ ،(Puzzle) ‫ﺍﻟﺼﻮﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﻟﻐﺰ‬ ‫ﻗﻄﻊ‬ ‫ﺑﺘﺮﻛﻴﺐ‬ ‫ﻳﺴﺘﻤﺘﻊ‬ ‫ﻟﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻨﻬﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻥ‬‫ﹼ‬‫ﻮ‬‫ﺗﻜ‬ ‫ﺻﻐﻴﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﻗﻄﻊ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺐ‬ ‫ﻭﺗﻔﻜﻴﺮﻧﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺰﻧﺎ‬ ‫ﻧﺴﺘﺠﻤﻊ‬
‫ﺣﺪ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﻳﺸﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻣﻔﻬﻮﻡ‬ ‫ﺇﻥ‬ .‫ﻟﻠﺼﻮﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﺎﻣﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﻜﻞ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺒﻌﺜﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﻮﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﻓﺄﺟﺰﺍﺀ‬ .(٥-١) ‫ﺍﻟﺸﻜﻞ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻛﻤﺎ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﺼﻮﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﻟﻐﺰ‬ ‫ﻟﻌﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﻛﺒﻴﺮ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺼﻮﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺃﻣﺎ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺗﺸﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪﺗﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﻨﻰ‬ ‫ﺃﻱ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﻄﻲ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬
‫ﺑﻌﺪ‬ ‫ﺇﻻ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻧﺤﺼﻞ‬ ‫ﻟﻢ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺗﺸﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻛﺘﻤﺎﻟﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻬﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬
.‫ﻗﺒﻠﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺤﺮﻛﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺬﻫﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻤﻌﺎﻟﺠﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﻭﺭﻫﺎ‬
:‫ﻳﻠﻲ‬ ‫ﻛﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ‬ ‫ﻳﻤﻜﻦ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﺇﺫ‬
:(Data) ‫ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ‬
‫ﻭﺑﺪﻭﻥ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺮﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺼﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺼﻮﺹ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻷﺭﻗﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺨﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﻫﻲ‬
.‫ﻓﻘﻂ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻇﺎﻫﺮﻳ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﻼ‬‫ﺷﻜ‬ ‫ﺗﺼﺒﺢ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺎﻟﺠﺘﻬﺎ‬
: (Information) ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ‬
‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺼﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﺗﻢ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻳﺪﺭﻛﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﻧﻲ‬ ‫ﻫﻲ‬
.‫ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺎﻟﺠﺔ‬
‫ﺳﻠﺴﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﻃﺮﻳﻖ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺮﻗﻤﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺠﻬﺎﺯ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺧﻞ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺗﻨﺘﻘﻞ‬
‫ﺍﻹﺷﺎﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺗﺴﻤﻰ‬ (1,0) ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﻜﻮﻧﺔ‬ (Binary Digits) ‫ﺍﻟﺜﻨﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺭﻗﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬
.(Digital Signals) ‫ﺍﻟﺮﻗﻤﻴﺔ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﻣﻔﻬﻮﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﻮﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﻟﻐﺰ‬ ‫ﻟﻌﺒﺔ‬ :(٥-١) ‫ﺷﻜﻞ‬
٤-١
:‫ﺃﻥ‬‫ﻧﻌﻠﻢ‬‫ﻛﻤﺎ‬
‫ﺟﺮﺍﻡ‬ ١٠٠٠ =‫ﺍﻟﻜﻴﻠﻮﺟﺮﺍﻡ‬
...‫ﻭﻫﻜﺬﺍ‬‫ﻣﺘﺮ‬ ١٠٠٠ = ‫ﻣﺘﺮ‬‫ﺍﻟﻜﻴﻠﻮ‬
‫ﺑﺎﻳﺖ؟‬١٠٠٠=‫ﺑﺎﻳﺖ‬‫ﺍﻟﻜﻴﻠﻮ‬‫ﻳﺴﺎﻭﻱ‬‫ﻻ‬‫ﻓﻠﻤﺎﺫﺍ‬
‫ﺃﺑﺤﺚ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺮﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺼﺎﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﺃﺣﺪ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ‬ ١
‫ﺳﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻘﻴﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺻﻞ‬ ‫ﺗﻢ‬ ‫ﻭﺣﺪﺓ‬ ‫ﺃﻛﺒﺮ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬
.‫ﺍﻟﺮﻗﻤﻴﺔ‬‫ﺍﻷﺟﻬﺰﺓ‬‫ﻓﻲ‬‫ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ‬‫ﺗﺨﺰﻳﻦ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻬﺎﺗﻒ‬‫ﺃﻭ‬‫ﺍﻷﻳﺒﺎﺩ‬‫ﻟﺠﻬﺎﺯ‬‫ﺍﻟﺘﺨﺰﻳﻨﻴﺔ‬‫ﺍﻟﺴﻌﺔ‬‫ﻣﺎ‬ ٢
‫ﺑﻚ؟‬‫ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺹ‬‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺳﺐ‬‫ﺃﻭ‬‫ﺍﻟﺬﻛﻲ‬

13. ١٣
‫ﺣﺎﺳﻮﺑﻲ‬ ‫ﺃﻓﻬــــﻢ‬
‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺗﺘﻜﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﺇﻏﺮﻳﻘﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻛﻠﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻫﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺻﻞ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ (Technology) ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻨﻴﺔ‬
:‫ﺷﻘﻴﻦ‬
.‫ﻭﺍﻟﺼﻴﺎﻧﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺤﺮﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻦ‬ ‫ﻭﺗﻌﻨﻲ‬ :Techno
.‫ﻭﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻢ‬ ‫ﻭﺗﻌﻨﻲ‬ :Logy
‫ﺍﻛﺘﺸﺎﻓﺎﺗﻬﻢ‬‫ﻓﻲ‬‫ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ‬‫ﻳﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣﻬﺎ‬‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬‫ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻳﻘﺔ‬‫ﺑﺄﻧﻬﺎ‬‫ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻨﻴﺔ‬‫ﹸﻌﺮﻑ‬‫ﺗ‬‫ﻭ‬
.‫ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺎﻻﺕ‬ ‫ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺟﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﻠﺒﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﺧﺘﺮﺍﻋﺎﺗﻬﻢ‬
‫ﺍﻷﻣﺮﺍﺽ‬‫ﺍﻛﺘﺸﺎﻑ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ‬‫ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﻣﻬﺎ‬‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬‫ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻕ‬‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺗﺤﺪﺛﻨﺎ‬‫ﻓﻠﻮ‬
‫ﺑﺬﻟﻚ‬ ‫ﻧﻘﺼﺪ‬ ‫ﻓﺈﻧﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﺫﻟﻚ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻴﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻷﺩﻭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻟﻌﻼﺟﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻕ‬ ‫ﻭﺃﻓﻀﻞ‬
‫ﻓﺈﻧﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺼﺎﻧﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺎﻋﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻣﺠﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺣﺪﻳﺜﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﻟﻮ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻨﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺗﺤﺪﺛﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﻟﻮ‬ ‫ﺃﻣﺎ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺎﻋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﻧﺘﺤﺪﺙ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺄﻛﻴﺪ‬
‫ﺗﻤﺜﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺜﻨﺎﺋﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺘﻤﺪ‬ ‫ﻭﺑﺮﻣﺠﻴﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺃﺟﻬﺰﺓ‬ ‫ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬
.‫ﺍﻟﺮﻗﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﻧﺘﺤﺪﺙ‬ ‫ﻓﺈﻧﻨﺎ‬ .(1,0) ‫ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ‬
(Digital Technology) ‫ﺍﻟﺮﻗﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ‬ ‫ﻳﻤﻜﻦ‬ ‫ﻓﺈﻧﻪ‬ ‫ﻭﺑﺬﻟﻚ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺗﻤﺜﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ (1,0) ‫ﺍﻟﺮﻗﻤﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻄﻖ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺗﺒﻨﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺄﻧﻬﺎ‬
.‫ﺍﻷﺟﻬﺰﺓ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺧﻞ‬
٥-١
‫ﺟﻤﻞ‬‫ﺃﺭﺑﻊ‬‫ﺍﻟﺠﺪﻭﻝ‬‫ﻓﻲ‬(‫)ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ‬‫ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺎﺕ‬‫ﻣﻦ‬‫ﻥ‬‫ﹼ‬‫ﻮ‬‫ﻛ‬
:(‫)ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﻨﻰ‬ ‫ﻟﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺟﻤﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﻥ‬‫ﱢ‬‫ﻮ‬‫ﺗﻜ‬ ‫ﺑﺤﻴﺚ‬
‫ﻭﻫﻮﺍﻳﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻋﺎﻣ‬ ٣٠ ‫ﻋﻤﺮﻩ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺪﺍﻟﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﻤﺪ‬ :‫ﻣﺜﺎﻝ‬
.‫ﺍﻟﺠﺮﻱ‬ ‫ﻣﻤﺎﺭﺳﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺩﻳﻮ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﻄﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ‬ ‫ﻫﻞ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺮﻗﻤﻴﺔ؟‬
(IT) ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺗﻘﻨﻴﺔ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺼﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﻓــﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻨﻴــﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺘﺨـــﺪﺍﻡ‬ ‫ﻳﻌــﺪ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ‬ ‫ﺃﻫـــﻢ‬ ‫ﻣــﻦ‬ ‫ﻭﻧﻘﻠﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣـــﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺑﺎﻟﺘﻄﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﺗﺼــﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺘﻤﺮ‬ ‫ﻭﺑﺸﻜﻞ‬ ‫ﺗﺠﻌﻠﻨــﺎ‬
‫ﺇﺿﺎﻓﺔ‬،‫ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺎﻻﺕ‬‫ﺟﻤﻴﻊ‬‫ﻓﻲ‬‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺻﻞ‬‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻘﺪﻡ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟــﻮﻗــﺖ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺠــﻬﺪ‬ ‫ﻳــﻮﻓــﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺘﺨــﺪﺍﻣــﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬
‫ﻣﺪﻳﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﻳﺸﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻢ‬ ‫ﺃﺻﺒﺢ‬ ‫ﻭﻟﻘﺪ‬ .‫ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺎﻝ‬
‫ﺃﻱ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺻﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﺷﺨﺺ‬ ‫ﺃﻱ‬ ‫ﻳﺴﺘﻄﻴﻊ‬ ‫ﺻﻐﻴﺮﺓ‬
.‫ﻭﺳﻬﻞ‬ ‫ﺳﺮﻳﻊ‬ ‫ﺑﺸﻜﻞ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﻜﺎﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠــــﻮﻣﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺗﻘﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺼﻄﻠﺢ‬ ‫ﻓﺈﻥ‬ ‫ﺫﻟﻚ‬ ‫ﻭﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫ﻳﻌﻨﻲ‬ (Information Technology)
‫ﻭﻣﻌﺎﻟﺠﺔ‬ ‫ﺇﺩﺍﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺪﻳﺜﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻨﻴﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺤﻴﺎﺓ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻌﻠﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻬﺎﺋﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﻢ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻻﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺳﻴﺔ‬
‫ﻓﻘﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻢ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﺍ‬ ‫ﻷﻫﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﻭﻧﻈﺮ‬ .‫ﻭﻏﻴﺮﻫﺎ‬
‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺃﻗﺴﺎﻣ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻢ‬ ‫ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﻈﻢ‬ ‫ﺧﺼﺼﺖ‬
‫ﻓﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻄﻼﺏ‬ ‫ﺩ‬‫ﱠ‬‫ﻭ‬‫ﻳﺰ‬ ‫ﺑﺤﻴﺚ‬ ،‫ﻟﺘﺪﺭﻳﺴﻪ‬ ‫ﺧﺎﺻﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺒﺮﺍﻣﺞ‬ ‫ﺗﻘﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺠﺎﻻﺕ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﻣﻬﺎﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺑﻤﻌﺎﺭﻑ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺳﺐ‬ ‫ﻋﺘﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻹﺿﺎﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺮﻣﺠﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻈﻢ‬
.‫ﻭﺷﺒﻜﺎﺗﻪ‬

14. ١٤
‫ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺣـﺪﺓ‬
‫ﺍﻹﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺟﻬﺰﺓ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﺜﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﺣﻮﻟﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻭﻧﺮﻯ‬ ،‫ﺣﺎﺳﺐ‬ ‫ﻭﺟﻬﺎﺯ‬ ‫ﺭﻗﻤﻲ‬ ‫ﺟﻬﺎﺯ‬ ‫ﻣﺼﻄﻠﺢ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺎﻣﻌﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﺮﺩﺩ‬
‫ﻓﻬﻞ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻨﻘﺎﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻬﻮﺍﺗﻒ‬ ‫ﻭﻋﺮﺿﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻘﺎﻁ‬ ‫ﻭﺃﺟﻬﺰﺓ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﻃﻊ‬ ‫ﻋﺮﺽ‬ ‫ﻭﺃﺟﻬﺰﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻠﻔﺎﺯ‬ ‫ﻛﺄﺟﻬﺰﺓ‬
‫ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﻻ‬‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﻟﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﻻﺑﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﺆﺍﻝ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﺍ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺟﺎﺑﺔ‬ ‫ﻧﺴﺘﻄﻴﻊ‬ ‫ﺣﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﺭﻗﻤﻴﺔ؟‬ ‫ﺃﺟﻬﺰﺓ‬ ‫ﺃﻡ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﺳﺐ‬ ‫ﺃﺟﻬﺰﺓ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻧﻄﻠﻖ‬
:‫ﺍﻟﻤﺼﻄﻠﺤﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻟﻬﺬﻩ‬
.‫ﻋﻤﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺮﻗﻤﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻄﻖ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻨﻲ‬‫ﹸ‬‫ﺑ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻲ‬ ‫ﺟﻬﺎﺯ‬ ‫ﻛﻞ‬ ‫ﻫﻮ‬ : (Digital Device) ‫ﺍﻟﺮﻗﻤﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺠﻬﺎﺯ‬
‫ﻭﺗﺨﺰﻳﻨﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﻣﻌﺎﻟﺠﺘﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺑﺈﺩﺧﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻣﺠﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﻳﻤﻜﻦ‬ ‫ﺭﻗﻤﻲ‬ ‫ﺟﻬﺎﺯ‬ ‫ﻫﻮ‬ : (Computer) ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺳﺐ‬ ‫ﺟﻬﺎﺯ‬
.(٦-١) ‫ﺷﻜﻞ‬ ‫ﻭﺇﺧﺮﺍﺟﻬﺎ‬
:‫ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﻇﺎﺋﻒ‬ ‫ﺃﺩﺍﺀ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻟﻘﺪﺭﺗﻪ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺣﺎﺳﺒ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻘﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻬﺎﺗﻒ‬ ‫ﻳﻌﺪ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﻼ‬‫ﻓﻤﺜ‬
.‫ﻭﺍﻟﺼﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺮﺳﺎﺋﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻬﻮﺍﺗﻒ‬ ‫ﻛﺄﺭﻗﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺇﺩﺧﺎﻝ‬ ١
‫ﻭﺍﻟﺤﺬﻑ‬‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻌﺪﻳﻞ‬‫ﻛﺎﻟﺒﺤﺚ‬‫ﺍﻟﻤﺪﺧﻠﺔ‬‫ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ‬‫ﻣﻌﺎﻟﺠﺔ‬ ٢
.‫ﻭﺍﻹﺿﺎﻓﺔ‬
.‫ﺍﻻﺗﺼﺎﻝ‬‫ﺟﻬﺎﺕ‬‫ﻛﻌﺮﺽ‬‫ﺍﻟﺸﺎﺷﺔ‬‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬‫ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ‬‫ﺇﺧﺮﺍﺝ‬ ٣
.‫ﻭﺍﻟﺮﺳﺎﺋﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺗﺼﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺟﻬﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻛﺤﻔﻆ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺗﺨﺰﻳﻦ‬ ٤
‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺪﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﻓﻬﻨﺎﻙ‬ ، ‫ﺻﺤﻴﺢ‬ ‫ﻏﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻜﺲ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻨﻤﺎ‬ ، ‫ﺭﻗﻤﻲ‬ ‫ﺟﻬﺎﺯ‬ ‫ﻫﻮ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﺳﺐ‬ ‫ﻛﻞ‬ ‫ﺇﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﻳﻤﻜﻨﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﺳﺒﻖ‬ ‫ﻣﻤﺎ‬
.‫ﺍﻷﻋﻤﺪﺓ‬ ‫ﻭﻗﺎﺭﺉ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻀﻮﺋﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺳﺢ‬ ‫ﻣﺜﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺭﺑﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﻇﺎﺋﻒ‬ ‫ﺃﺩﺍﺀ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺪﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﻟﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻟﻴﺲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺮﻗﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺟﻬﺰﺓ‬
‫ﻣﺜﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺨﺼﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺳﺐ‬ ‫ﺃﺟﻬﺰﺓ‬ ‫ﺃﺫﻫﺎﻧﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﺒﺎﺩﺭ‬ ‫ﻗﺪ‬ ،(‫)ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺳﺐ‬ ‫ﻛﻠﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﻈﻢ‬ ‫ﻳﺴﻤﻊ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ‬
‫ﻭﺗﺆﺩﻱ‬ ،‫ﻭﺍﻷﺣﺠﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺷﻜﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻛﺜﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻳﺄﺗﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺳﺐ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺇﻻ‬ (‫ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻤﻮﻝ‬ ‫)ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺳﺐ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ (‫ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺘﺒﻲ‬ ‫)ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺳﺐ‬
‫ﻭﺃﺟﻬﺰﺓ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻧﺴﺤﺐ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻵﻟﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﺮﺍﻑ‬ ‫ﻓﺄﺟﻬﺰﺓ‬ .‫ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺣﻴﺎﺗﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﻇﺎﺋﻒ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺪﻳﺪ‬
.‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺳﺐ‬ ‫ﺃﻧﻮﺍﻉ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺪ‬ (Playstation ‫ﻭ‬ Xbox) ‫ﻣﺜﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻟﻌﺎﺏ‬
:‫ﻛﺎﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺨﺰﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﻟﺠﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻗﺪﺭﺗﻪ‬ ‫ﺣﺴﺐ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺳﺐ‬ ‫ﻭﻳﺼﻨﻒ‬
٦-١
٧-١
‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺳﺐ‬ ‫ﺑﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻳﻘﻮﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺳﺎﺳﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﻇﺎﺋﻒ‬ :(٦-١) ‫ﺷﻜﻞ‬

15. ١٥
‫ﺣﺎﺳﻮﺑﻲ‬ ‫ﺃﻓﻬــــﻢ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺮﻛﺰﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺳﺐ‬ :(٧-١) ‫ﺷﻜﻞ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺩﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺳﺐ‬ :(٨-١) ‫ﺷﻜﻞ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﻄﺔ‬ :(٩-١) ‫ﺷﻜﻞ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺸﺨﺼﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺳﺐ‬ :(١٠-١) ‫ﺷﻜﻞ‬
:(Mainframe) ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺮﻛﺰﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺳﺐ‬ ١
‫ﺍﻟﻜﺒﻴﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻟﺸﺮﻛﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻀﺨﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺆﺳﺴﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻗﺒﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻳﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ‬
‫ﻭﻣﻌﺎﻟﺠﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺨﺰﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﻤﻘﺪﺭﺗﻪ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻤﻴﺰ‬ ‫ﻷﻧﻪ‬ ‫ﻭﺫﻟﻚ‬ ،‫ﻭﺍﻟﺤﻜﻮﻣﺎﺕ‬
.(٧-١) ‫ﺍﻟﺸﻜﻞ‬ ،‫ﻋﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻜﻠﻔﺔ‬ ‫ﺫﻭ‬ ‫ﻓﻬﻮ‬ ‫ﻭﺑﺎﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻫﺎﺋﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﻛﻤﻴﺔ‬
:(Server Computer)‫ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺩﻡ‬‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺳﺐ‬ ٢
‫ﻭﻳﺴﻤﺢ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﺤﺠﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻮﺳﻄﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻬﻴﺌﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺆﺳﺴﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﻳﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ‬
‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻄﺔ‬ ‫ﻗﺪﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﻟﻪ‬ ،‫ﻧﻔﺴﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﻗﺖ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺠﻬﺎﺯ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﺘﻌﺪﺩ‬
.(٨-١) ‫ﺍﻟﺸﻜﻞ‬ ،‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺨﺰﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﻟﺠﺔ‬ ‫ﺣﻴﺚ‬
:(Workstation) ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﻄﺔ‬ ٣
‫ﻳﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ‬‫ﺍﻟﺠﻬﺎﺯ‬‫ﺃﻥ‬‫ﺣﻴﺚ‬‫ﻣﻦ‬‫ﺍﻟﺸﺨﺼﻲ‬‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺳﺐ‬‫ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ‬‫ﻣﺤﻄﺔ‬‫ﺗﺸﺒﻪ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﻟﺠﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﺒﻴﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﺑﻘﺪﺭﺗﻪ‬ ‫ﺰ‬‫ﹼ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﻳﺘﻤ‬ ‫ﻭﻟﻜﻦ‬ ،‫ﻋﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﺣﺪ‬ ‫ﺷﺨﺺ‬ ‫ﻗﺒﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬
.(٩-١) ‫ﺍﻟﺸﻜﻞ‬ ،‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺨﺰﻳﻦ‬
:(Personal Computer (PC)) ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺨﺼﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺳﺐ‬ ٤
‫ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﻗﺪﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﻭﻟﻪ‬ ،‫ﺻﻐﻴﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﻣﺆﺳﺴﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﻓﺮﺩ‬ ‫ﻞ‬‫ﹶ‬‫ﺒ‬‫ﻗﹺ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻋﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﻭﻳﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺳﺐ‬ :‫ﺃﻫﻤﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﻻ‬‫ﺃﺷﻜﺎ‬ ‫ﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻛﻤﺎ‬ ،‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻧﺴﺒﻴ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﻟﺠﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫ﺍﻷﻟﻌﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﻭﺃﺟﻬﺰﺓ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺎﻋﺪ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺤﺎﺳﺐ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻤﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺤﺎﺳﺐ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺘﺒﻲ‬
.(١٠-١) ‫ﺍﻟﺸﻜﻞ‬ ،‫ﺍﻹﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻴﺔ‬

16. ١٦
‫ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺣـﺪﺓ‬
‫اﻟـﺨـــﺎدم‬
(Server)
‫أﻧـــــﻮاع‬
‫اﻟـﺤﺎﺳــﺐ‬
‫اﻟـﻤﺮﻛﺰي‬ ‫اﳊﺎﺳﺐ‬
(Main Frame)
‫اﻟﻌــﻤــﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﻄــﺔ‬
(Work Station)
‫اﻟﺸﺨﺼﻲ‬ ‫اﳊﺎﺳﺐ‬
(Personal Computer)
‫اﻟﺘﺤﻜﻢ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﺳﺐ‬
‫اﻟﻀﻤﻨﻲ‬ ‫اﳊﺎﺳﺐ‬ ‫أو‬
(Control/Embedded
Computer)
‫ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻜﻢ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﺳﺐ‬ :(١١-١) ‫ﺷﻜﻞ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺳﺐ‬ ‫ﺃﻧﻮﺍﻉ‬ :(١٢-١) ‫ﺷﻜﻞ‬
:(Control/Embedded Computer)‫ﺍﻟﻀﻤﻨﻲ‬‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺳﺐ‬‫ﺃﻭ‬‫ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻜﻢ‬‫ﺣﺎﺳﺐ‬ ٥
.‫ﺫﻛﺮﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺑﻖ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺳﺐ‬ ‫ﻷﻧﻮﺍﻉ‬ ‫ﻣﻠﺨﺺ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﻳﻌﺒﺮ‬ (١٢-١) ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺸﻜﻞ‬
‫ﺧﺎﺻﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻤﻬﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺳﺐ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﺍ‬ ‫ﻳﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺮﻗﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺟﻬﺰﺓ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺧﻞ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻣﻀﻤﻨ‬ ‫ﻭﻳﺄﺗﻲ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺮﺍﻗﺒﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻜﻢ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺃﺟﻬﺰﺓ‬ ‫ﻣﺜﻞ‬
‫ﺍﻻﺗﺼﺎﻝ‬‫ﻭﻭﺳﺎﺋﻞ‬،‫ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺭﺍﺕ‬‫ﻛﺎﻟﻄﺎﺋﺮﺍﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻓﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻭﺃﺟﻬﺰﺓ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻨﺘﺮﺍﻻﺕ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻟﻤﻘﺎﺳﻢ‬
.(١١-١) ‫ﺍﻟﺸﻜﻞ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻨﻮﻋﺔ‬

17. ١٧
‫ﺣﺎﺳﻮﺑﻲ‬ ‫ﺃﻓﻬــــﻢ‬
:‫ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺿﻮﻋﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻷﺣﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﺸﺮﻭﻉ‬ ‫ﺑﺘﻨﻔﻴﺬ‬ ‫ﻗﻢ‬ ،‫ﺣﺎﺳﻮﺑﻲ‬ ‫ﺃﻓﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﻭﺣﺪﺓ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻧﺘﻬﺎﺋﻚ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪ‬
١‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻮﻡ‬ ‫ﺑﻤﻌﻠﻢ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻣﺴﺘﻌﻴﻨ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺣﺮﻑ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﻤﺜﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﺑﺖ‬ (8) ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﻜﻮﻧﺔ‬ ‫ﻛﻬﺮﺑﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺋﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢ‬
.‫ﺍﻟﻤﺪﺭﺳﺔ‬
٢.‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺟﺔ‬‫ﺩﻋﺖ‬‫ﺇﻥ‬‫ﺍﻟﺮﻳﺎﺿﻴﺎﺕ‬‫ﻣﻌﻠﻢ‬‫ﺍﺳﺘﺸﺎﺭﺓ‬‫ﻣﻊ‬‫ﺍﻟﺘﺨﺰﻳﻦ‬‫ﺳﻌﺔ‬‫ﻭﺣﺪﺍﺕ‬‫ﻳﺒﻴﻦ‬‫ﻣﺠﺴﻢ‬‫ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢ‬
٣.‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺗﻔﺎﻕ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ‬ ‫ﻟﻔﺌﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺮﻗﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻔﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻘﺎﺀ‬
٤‫ﺑﻚ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻴﻄﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﺛﻘﺎﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺪﻯ‬ ‫ﻟﻤﻌﺮﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﺋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺻﻮﺗﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺎﺑﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﻃﺮﻳﻖ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺘﻄﻼﻋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺟﻮﻟﺔ‬
.‫ﺍﻟﺠﻮﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ‬ ‫ﻣﻠﺨﺺ‬ ‫ﺗﻘﺪﻳﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﺮﻗﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺘﻘﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻗﺎﺭﺑﻚ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺃﺳﺮﺗﻚ‬ ‫ﺃﻓﺮﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬
:‫ﺍﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺬﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺮﻭﻉ‬ ‫ﺗﻨﻔﻴﺬ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﺍﻋﺎﺓ‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬
١.‫ﺃﻋﻀﺎﺀ‬ (٥ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬ ٢) ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﻜﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﻓﺮﻳﻖ‬ ‫ﺿﻤﻦ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻠﻚ‬ ‫ﻳﻜﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬
٢‫ﺍﻟﻮﻗﺖ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻤﻬﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺯﻳﻊ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻳﻖ‬ ‫ﺃﻋﻀﺎﺀ‬ ،‫ﻣﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻬﺪﻑ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﻢ‬ : ‫ﻣﺘﻀﻤﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﺧﻄﺔ‬ ‫ﺇﻋﺪﺍﺩ‬
.‫ﻣﻬﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻛﻞ‬ ‫ﻹﻧﺠﺎﺯ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺪﺩ‬
٣.‫ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻳﻖ‬ ‫ﺃﻋﻀﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻌﺎﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻬﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺩﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺯﻳﻊ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﺍﻋﺎﺓ‬
٤.‫ﻣﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻬﺪﻑ‬ ‫ﻳﺤﻘﻖ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺬﻱ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺸﻜﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﺗﻨﻔﻴﺬ‬

18. ١٨
‫ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺣـﺪﺓ‬
0
...................................
...................................
...................................................
.................................................................
..................................
...................................
:‫ﺑﺎﻟﻮﺣﺪﺓ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﻠﻤﺘﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺼﻄﻠﺤﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺎﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ‬ ‫ﺃﺩﻧﺎﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺣﺪﺓ‬ ‫ﺧﺎﺭﻃﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻛﻤﻞ‬
»fhôàµdEG RÉ¡L πc
»ªbôdG ≥£æªdG ≈∏Y »æoH
¬∏ªY »a

19. ١٩
‫ﺣﺎﺳﻮﺑﻲ‬ ‫ﺃﻓﻬــــﻢ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻮﺣﺪﺓ‬ ‫ﻣﻔﺮﺩﺍﺕ‬‫ﺍﻟﺮﺋﻴﺴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻔﺎﻫﻴﻢ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺒﺖ‬
:‫ﺇﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺷﺎﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺗﻤﺜﻞ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺳﺐ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺗﺨﺰﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﻭﺣﺪﺓ‬ ‫ﺃﺻﻐﺮ‬
.( ) OFF ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ، ( ) ON
‫ﺍﻟﺒﺎﻳﺖ‬.‫ﹰ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﻭﺍﺣﺪ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﺭﻣﺰ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺭﻗﻤ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺣﺮﻓ‬ ‫ﻭﺗﻤﺜﻞ‬ ‫ﺛﻨﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﺭﻗﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﻜﻮﻧﺔ‬ ‫ﺳﻠﺴﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﻫﻲ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﻭﺣﺪﺍﺕ‬.‫ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺰﻧﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻛﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺘﻌﺒﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺣﺪﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻫﻲ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ‬
‫ﻭﺑﺪﻭﻥ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺮﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺼﻮﺭ‬ ،‫ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺼﻮﺹ‬ ،‫ﻛﺎﻷﺭﻗﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺨﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﻫﻲ‬
.‫ﻓﻘﻂ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻇﺎﻫﺮﻳ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﻼ‬‫ﺷﻜ‬ ‫ﺗﺼﺒﺢ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺎﻟﺠﺘﻬﺎ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ‬
‫ﻣﻌﺎﻟﺠﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺼﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﺗﻢ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻳﺪﺭﻛﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﻧﻲ‬ ‫ﻫﻲ‬
.‫ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺮﻗﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻨﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺃﺟﻬﺰﺓ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻧﺖ‬ ‫ﺳﻮﺍﺀ‬ (1,0) ‫ﺍﻟﺮﻗﻤﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻄﻖ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺗﺒﻨﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻫﻲ‬
.‫ﺑﺮﻣﺠﻴﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻧﻈﻤ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺮﻗﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺷﺎﺭﺓ‬.(1,0)‫ﻣﻦ‬‫ﻣﻜﻮﻧﺔ‬(Binary Digital)‫ﺍﻟﺜﻨﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬‫ﺍﻷﺭﻗﺎﻡ‬‫ﻣﻦ‬‫ﺳﻠﺴﻠﺔ‬‫ﻣﻦ‬‫ﻣﺘﺪﻓﻖ‬‫ﺗﻴﺎﺭ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺮﻗﻤﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺠﻬﺎﺯ‬.‫ﺍﻟﺮﻗﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﻭﺍﺋﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻨﻲ‬‫ﹸ‬‫ﺑ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻲ‬ ‫ﺟﻬﺎﺯ‬ ‫ﻛﻞ‬ ‫ﻫﻮ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺳﺐ‬
‫ﺛﻢ‬ ،‫ﻭﺗﺨﺰﻳﻨﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﻣﻌﺎﻟﺠﺘﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺑﺈﺩﺧﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻣﺠﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﻳﻤﻜﻦ‬ ‫ﺭﻗﻤﻲ‬ ‫ﺟﻬﺎﺯ‬ ‫ﻫﻮ‬
.‫ﺇﺧﺮﺍﺟﻬﺎ‬

20. ٢٠
‫ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺣـﺪﺓ‬
:‫ﻳﻠﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﻟﻜﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻨﺎﺳﺐ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﺼﻄﻠﺢ‬ ‫ﺍﺫﻛﺮ‬
‫ﺑﺖ‬ 8 ‫ﻭﻳﺴﺎﻭﻱ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﻭﺍﺣﺪ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﺭﻣﺰ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺭﻗﻤ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺣﺮﻓ‬ ‫ﻞ‬‫ﹼ‬‫ﺜ‬‫ﺗﻤ‬
‫ﺑﺮﻣﺠﻴﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺃﺟﻬﺰﺓ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻧﺖ‬ ‫ﺳﻮﺍﺀ‬ (1,0) ‫ﺍﻟﺮﻗﻤﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻄﻖ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺗﺒﻨﻰ‬ ‫ﺗﻘﻨﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺑﺎﻳﺖ‬ 1024 ‫ﻭﺗﺴﺎﻭﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺳﺐ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻗﻴﺎﺱ‬ ‫ﻭﺣﺪﺓ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺎﻟﺠﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺼﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﻭﺗﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻧﺴﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻳﺪﺭﻛﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﹴ‬‫ﻣﻌﺎﻥ‬
1 ‫ﺃﻭ‬ 0 ‫ﻟﻠﺤﺎﺳﺐ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺳﺎﺳﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺨﺰﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﻭﺣﺪﺓ‬
:‫ﻳﻠﻲ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﳋﻄﺄ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺎﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺃﻣﺎﻡ‬ ( ) ‫ﻭﻋﻼﻣﺔ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﺼﺤﻴﺤﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺎﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺃﻣﺎﻡ‬ ( ) ‫ﻋﻼﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺿﻊ‬
١( ) .‫ﺍﻟﺒﺸﺮ‬ ‫ﻟﻐﺔ‬ ‫ﻳﺪﺭﻙ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺳﺐ‬
٢( ) .‫ﺣﻮﺍﺳﻴﺐ‬ ‫ﺃﻧﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺮﻗﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺟﻬﺰﺓ‬ ‫ﺟﻤﻴﻊ‬ ‫ﺗﺼﻨﻴﻒ‬ ‫ﻳﻤﻜﻦ‬
٣( ) .‫ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺮﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺼﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺼﻮﺹ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻷﺭﻗﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺨﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﻫﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ‬
٤( ) .‫ﺍﻟﺮﻗﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺟﻬﺰﺓ‬ ‫ﺟﻤﻴﻊ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﻤﺜﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺮﻗﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﹸﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ‬‫ﺗ‬
٥( ) .‫ﻛﻴﻠﻮﺑﺎﻳﺖ‬ = (GB) ‫ﺍﻟﺠﻴﺠﺎﺑﺎﻳﺖ‬
٦( ) .‫ﺍﻟﺮﻗﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺟﻬﺰﺓ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺧﻞ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻣﻀﻤﻨ‬ ‫ﻭﻳﺄﺗﻲ‬ ،‫ﺧﺎﺻﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻬﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻷﺩﺍﺀ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻜﻢ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﺳﺐ‬ ‫ﻳﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ‬
‫«؟‬Digital » ‫ﻛﻠﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﻤﺜﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻼﺯﻣﺔ‬ (Bits) ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺘﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻋﺪﺩ‬ ‫ﻛﻢ‬
:‫ﻳﻠﻲ‬ ‫ﳑﺎ‬ ‫ﻟﻜﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﳌﻨﺎﺳﺐ‬ ‫ﺍﳊﺎﺳﺐ‬ ‫ﻧﻮﻉ‬ ‫ﺣﺪﺩ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻮﺳﻄﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺣﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻃﺎﻟﺐ‬
‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻣﻮﻇﻔ‬ ٢٠ ‫ﻳﺘﺠﺎﻭﺯ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﻇﻔﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻋﺪﺩ‬ ‫ﺷﺮﻛﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺧﻠﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺯﺍﺭﺓ‬
‫ﺗﺠﺎﺭﻱ‬ ‫ﻣﺒﻨﻰ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺮﺍﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺟﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﺍﻗﺒﺔ‬
١ ‫ﺱ‬
٢ ‫ﺱ‬
٣ ‫ﺱ‬
٤ ‫ﺱ‬
........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

21. ٢١
‫ﺣﺎﺳﻮﺑﻲ‬ ‫ﺃﻓﻬــــﻢ‬
:‫ﻳﻠﻲ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﺤﻴﺤﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺟﺎﺑﺔ‬ ‫ﺭﻣﺰ‬ ‫ﺍﺧﺘﺮ‬
١:‫ﻫﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺮﻗﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﻤﺜﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺳﺎﺳﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺣﺪﺓ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻜﻴﻠﻮﺑﺎﻳﺖ‬ -‫ﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻴﺠﺎﺑﺎﻳﺖ‬ -‫ﺝ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺖ‬ -‫ﺏ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺎﻳﺖ‬ -‫ﺃ‬
٢:‫ﻳﺴﺎﻭﻱ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻳﺖ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﻴﻠﻮ‬
‫ﺑﺎﻳﺖ‬ 1014 -‫ﺩ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻳﺖ‬ 1024 -‫ﺝ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻳﺖ‬ 2024 -‫ﺏ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻳﺖ‬ 1000 -‫ﺃ‬
٣:‫ﺗﺴﺎﻭﻱ‬ ‫ﺑﺖ‬
‫ﺑﺎﻳﺖ‬ 2 -‫ﺩ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻳﺖ‬ 7 -‫ﺝ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻳﺖ‬ 4 -‫ﺏ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻳﺖ‬ 8 -‫ﺃ‬
٤:‫ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻞ‬‫ﹼ‬‫ﺜ‬‫ﺗﻤ‬
‫ﻣﻔﺘﺮﺱ‬‫ﺣﻴﻮﺍﻥ‬‫ﺍﻷﺳﺪ‬ -‫ﺩ‬ ‫ﺃﻟﻴﻒ‬ -‫ﺝ‬ ‫ﺃﺭﻧﺐ‬ -‫ﺏ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺟﺔ‬ 50 -‫ﺃ‬
٥:‫ﻣﺎﻋﺪﺍ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺳﺐ‬ ‫ﺧﺼﺎﺋﺺ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻳﻌﺪ‬ ‫ﻳﻠﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﺟﻤﻴﻊ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺗﺨﺰﻳﻦ‬ -‫ﺏ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺎﻟﺠﺔ‬ -‫ﺃ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻋﺔ‬ -‫ﺩ‬ ‫ﻭﺇﺧﺮﺍﺟﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺇﺩﺧﺎﻝ‬ -‫ﺝ‬
٦:‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺳﺐ‬ ‫ﺃﺷﻜﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﻼ‬‫ﺷﻜ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻤﻮﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺳﺐ‬ ‫ﻳﻌﺪ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺩﻡ‬ -‫ﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﻄﺔ‬ -‫ﺝ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺨﺼﻲ‬ -‫ﺏ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺮﻛﺰﻱ‬ -‫ﺃ‬
‫ﺱ‬
‫ﺱ‬
‫ﺱ‬
‫ﺱ‬
‫ﺱ‬
‫ﺱ‬
64

22. ٢٢
‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺣـﺪﺓ‬
٢٢
‫ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺣـﺪﺓ‬
‫ﺱ‬
‫ﺱ‬٧:‫ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻜﻢ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﺳﺐ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻣﺜﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻄﺎﺋﺮﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺟﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻵﻟﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻄﻴﺎﺭ‬ -‫ﺏ‬ ‫ﺳﻮﻧﻲ‬ ‫ﺳﺘﻴﺸﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﻼﻱ‬ ‫ﺟﻬﺎﺯ‬ -‫ﺃ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺘﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺳﺐ‬ -‫ﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺠﻮﺍﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻬﺎﺗﻒ‬ -‫ﺝ‬
٨:‫ﻫﻮ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺨﺰﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﻟﺠﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻗﺪﺭﺗﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺣﺴﺐ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺳﺒﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻷﻧﻮﺍﻉ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﺤﻴﺢ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺼﺎﻋﺪﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺗﻴﺐ‬
‫ﻣﺮﻛﺰﻱ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﺳﺐ‬ ،‫ﺧﺎﺩﻡ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﺳﺐ‬ ،‫ﺗﺤﻜﻢ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﺳﺐ‬ ،‫ﺷﺨﺼﻲ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﺳﺐ‬ -‫ﺃ‬
‫ﻣﺮﻛﺰﻱ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﺳﺐ‬ ،‫ﺧﺎﺩﻡ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﺳﺐ‬ ،‫ﺷﺨﺼﻲ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﺳﺐ‬ ،‫ﺗﺤﻜﻢ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﺳﺐ‬ -‫ﺏ‬
‫ﺧﺎﺩﻡ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﺳﺐ‬ ،‫ﻣﺮﻛﺰﻱ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﺳﺐ‬ ،‫ﺷﺨﺼﻲ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﺳﺐ‬ ،‫ﺗﺤﻜﻢ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﺳﺐ‬ -‫ﺝ‬
‫ﻣﺮﻛﺰﻱ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﺳﺐ‬ ،‫ﺗﺤﻜﻢ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﺳﺐ‬ ،‫ﺷﺨﺼﻲ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﺳﺐ‬ ،‫ﺧﺎﺩﻡ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﺳﺐ‬ -‫ﺩ‬

23. ٢٣
‫ﺣﺎﺳﻮﺑﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺃﺗﻌﺮﻑ‬
٢٣
‫ﺣﺎﺳﻮﺑﻲ‬ ‫ﺃﻓﻬــــﻢ‬
:
. .
. .
. .
. .
‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ‬‫ﺍﻟﻮﺣﺪﺓ‬
( )

24. ٢٤
‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺣـﺪﺓ‬
‫ﻭﺃﺛﻨﺎﺀ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺳﺒﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻊ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺨﺼﺺ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺪﻳﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﻛﺰ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﺳﺐ‬ ‫ﺟﻬﺎﺯ‬ ‫ﻟﺸﺮﺍﺀ‬ ‫ﻣﺎﻫﺮ‬ ‫ﺫﻫﺐ‬
‫ﻭﺗﻌﺪﺩ‬ ‫ﻧﻮﻉ‬ ‫ﻛﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺍﺻﻔﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺪﺩ‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺳﺐ‬ ‫ﻷﺟﻬﺰﺓ‬ ‫ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﻻ‬‫ﻭﺃﺷﻜﺎ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺃﻧﻮﻋ‬ ‫ﺷﺎﻫﺪ‬ ‫ﺗﺠﻮﺍﻟﻪ‬
‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﺑﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺸﻐﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﻭﺃﻧﻈﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺇﺧﺮﺍﺝ‬ ‫ﺇﺩﺧﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺃﺟﻬﺰﺓ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺗﺒﻄﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻠﺤﻘﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺬﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺠﻬﺎﺯ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺍﺻﻔﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺋﻊ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﻃﻠﺐ‬ ‫ﺣﻴﻨﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺃﻣﺮﻩ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺣﻴﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﻭﻗﻊ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺳﺒﺎﺕ‬
.‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺳﺐ‬ ‫ﺑﻤﻜﻮﻧﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﺎﻓﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺮﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﻳﻤﻠﻚ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﺇﻧﻪ‬ ‫ﺇﺫ‬ ،‫ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻩ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻓﺈﻧﻪ‬ ،‫ﺣﺎﺳﺐ‬ ‫ﺟﻬﺎﺯ‬ ‫ﺷﺮﺍﺀ‬ ‫ﻳﺮﻳﺪﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺬﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺃﺻﺪﻗﺎﺋﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻭﻏﻴﺮﻩ‬ ‫ﻣﺎﻫﺮ‬ ‫ﻭﻟﻤﺴﺎﻋﺪﺓ‬
.‫ﺍﻟﻮﺣﺪﺓ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺿﻴﺤﻪ‬ ‫ﺳﻴﺘﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﻮ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺳﺐ‬ ‫ﻣﻜﻮﻧﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺮﻑ‬
:‫ﺗﻤﻬﻴﺪ‬
:‫ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻫﺪﺍﻑ‬ -‫ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻠﻪ‬ ‫-ﺑﺈﺫﻥ‬ ‫ﺗﺤﻘﻖ‬ ‫ﺳﻮﻑ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺣﺪﺓ‬ ‫ﻟﻬﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺘﻚ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪ‬
١.‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺳﺐ‬ ‫ﻣﻜﻮﻧﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺗﺘﻌﺮﻑ‬
٢.‫ﺍﻟﺸﺨﺼﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺤﺎﺳﺐ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺩﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻜﻮﻧﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺗﺘﻌﺮﻑ‬
٣.‫ﻭﻣﺤﺘﻮﻳﺎﺗﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺿﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻠﻮﺣﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺗﺘﻌﺮﻑ‬
٤.‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺳﺐ‬ ‫ﻣﻠﺤﻘﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺩ‬‫ﱢ‬‫ﺪ‬‫ﺗﻌ‬
٥.‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺳﺐ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺇﺩﺧﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺃﺟﻬﺰﺓ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺃﻣﺜﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺮ‬‫ﹸ‬‫ﻛ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﺬ‬‫ﺗ‬
٦.‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺳﺐ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺇﺧﺮﺍﺝ‬ ‫ﺃﺟﻬﺰﺓ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺃﻣﺜﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺮ‬‫ﹸ‬‫ﻛ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﺬ‬‫ﺗ‬
٧.‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺳﺐ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺗﺨﺰﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺃﺟﻬﺰﺓ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺃﻣﺜﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺮ‬‫ﹸ‬‫ﻛ‬‫ﹾ‬‫ﺬ‬‫ﺗ‬

25. ٢٥
‫ﺣﺎﺳﻮﺑﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺃﺗﻌﺮﻑ‬
‫ﺃﺻﺒﺢ‬ ‫ﺑﻞ‬ ،‫ﺎ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﻳ‬‫ﺛﺎﻧﻮ‬ ‫ﺍ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﺭ‬‫ﺧﻴﺎ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺎ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﻓ‬‫ﺗﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺳﺐ‬ ‫ﺃﺟﻬﺰﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ‬ ‫ﻳﻌﺪ‬ ‫ﻟﻢ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻮﻡ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﻠﻢ‬ ‫ﻳﺠﻌﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﻤﺎ‬ .‫ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻣﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺣﻴﺎﺗﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﺷﺆﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﻴﺴﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﺃﺳﺎﺳﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺭﻛﻴﺰﺓ‬
،‫ﻣﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﻻﺑﺪ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺍ‬‫ﺃﻣﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﻪ‬ ‫ﻭﻣﺴﺘﻠﺰﻣﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻣﻜﻮﻧﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺠﻬﺎﺯ‬ ‫ﺑﻬﺬﺍ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺻﺔ‬
.‫ﺳﻬﻮﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻛﺜﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺎﻣﻞ‬ ‫ﻳﻜﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﺣﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﻭﺫﻟﻚ‬
‫ﺿﺮﻭﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺍﺯﻱ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻮﻣﻪ‬ ‫ﻭﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺳﺐ‬ ‫ﺛﻘﺎﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺃﺻﺒﺤﺖ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻥ‬ ‫ﺑﻘﻠﻢ‬ ‫ﺗﺴﻤﻴﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﻌﺾ‬ ‫ﺩﻓﻊ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﺬﺍ‬ ،‫ﻭﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺑﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺍﺀﺓ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﻠﻢ‬
.‫ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺸﺮﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺩﻱ‬
١-٢
٢-٢
‫ﺣﺪﺩ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺳﺐ‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺎﻣﻠﻚ‬ ‫ﺧﻼﻝ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬
.‫ﺗﻌﺮﻓﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﻜﻮﻧﺎﺗﻪ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﺫﻛﺮ‬ ،‫ﻧﻮﻋﻪ‬
‫ﻟﻠﺤﺎﺳﺐ‬ ‫ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺃﻧﻮﺍﻋ‬ ‫ﻫﻨﺎﻙ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺑﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺣﺪﺓ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺮﻑ‬ ‫ﺗﻢ‬
،‫ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ‬‫ﻣﺤﻄﺔ‬،‫ﺍﻟﻤﺮﻛﺰﻱ‬‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺳﺐ‬،‫ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺩﻡ‬‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺳﺐ‬،‫ﺍﻟﺸﺨﺼﻲ‬‫)ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺳﺐ‬
‫ﻗﺴﻤﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺗﺘﻜﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺳﺐ‬ ‫ﺃﻧﻮﺍﻉ‬ ‫ﺟﻤﻴﻊ‬ ‫ﻭﻟﻜﻦ‬ ،(‫ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻜﻢ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﺳﺐ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺩﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻜﻮﻧﺎﺕ‬ ،(Software) ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺮﻣﺠﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻜﻮﻧﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻫﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺭﺋﻴﺴﻴﻦ‬
:‫ﺍﻟﻤﻜﻮﻧﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻟﻬﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﺇﻳﻀﺎﺡ‬ ‫ﻳﻠﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﻓﻴﻤﺎ‬ .(١-٢) ‫ﺍﻟﺸﻜﻞ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻛﻤﺎ‬ (Hardware)
:‫ﺍﻟﺒﺮﻣﺠﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻜﻮﻧﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺃﻭﻻ‬
‫ﺗﻌﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻳﻤﻜﻦ‬ ‫ﻓﻼ‬ ،‫ﺭﻭﺡ‬ ‫ﺑﻼ‬ ‫ﻛﺈﻧﺴﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻣﺠﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻜﻮﻧﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺳﺐ‬
‫ﺑﺈﻋﻄﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﺗﻘﻮﻡ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺍﻣﺞ‬ ‫ﺑﻮﺟﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﺇﻻ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻄﺎﺑﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻟﺸﺎﺷﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺩﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻜﻮﻧﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺑﻮﺟﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﺇﻻ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻄﺒﺎﻋﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻘﻮﻡ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻳﻤﻜﻦ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﻓﺎﻟﻄﺎﺑﻌﺔ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻘﻄﻊ‬ ‫ﻟﻬﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻭﺍﻣﺮ‬
:‫ﺑﺄﻧﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺮﻣﺠﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻜﻮﻧﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ‬ ‫ﻭﻳﻤﻜﻦ‬ ،‫ﺍﻷﻭﺍﻣﺮ‬ ‫ﻟﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻳﺮﺳﻞ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ‬
‫ﺑﻤﻬﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻘﻴﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺤﺎﺳﺐ‬ ‫ﹸﻌﻄﻰ‬‫ﺗ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻷﻭﺍﻣﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ‬
.‫ﻣﺤﺪﺩﺓ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺳﺐ‬ ‫ﻣﻜﻮﻧﺎﺕ‬ :(١-٢) ‫ﺷﻜﻞ‬
:‫ﺍﻟﺒﺮﻣﺠﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻜﻮﻧﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺃﻧﻮﺍﻉ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬
،(Operating Systems)‫ﺍﻟﺘﺸﻐﻴﻞ‬‫ﺃﻧﻈﻤﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﺸﻐﻴـﻞ‬‫ﻧﻈـﺎﻡ‬‫ﺃﻣﺜﻠﺘﻬـﺎ‬‫ﻭﻣـﻦ‬
‫ﻭﻧـــﻈــــﺎﻡ‬،(Windows)‫ﻧﻮﺍﻓﺬ‬
.(Android)‫ﺃﻧﺪﺭﻭﻳﺪ‬‫ﺍﻟﺘﺸـﻐﻴﻞ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﻄﺒﻴـﻘــﻴــﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺮﻣﺠــﻴــﺎﺕ‬
،(Application Programs)
‫ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ‬ ‫ﺃﻣﺜﻠﺘﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﻣﻦ‬
‫ﻭﻭﺭﺩ‬‫ﻣﺎﻳـــﻜﺮﻭﺳﻮﻓــــــﺖ‬
(Microsoft Word)
،‫ﺍﻟﻨﺼــــــﻮﺹ‬ ‫ﻟﻜــﺘــﺎﺑﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺑﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺯﺍﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﻭﺗﻄﺒﻴﻖ‬
‫ﺍﻷﺟﻬﺰﺓ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻢ‬
.‫ﺍﻟﺬﻛﻴﺔ‬

26. ٢٦
‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺣـﺪﺓ‬
:‫ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺩﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻜﻮﻧﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺛﺎﻧﻴ‬
‫ﻞ‬‫ﱢ‬‫ﺜ‬‫ﹸﻤ‬‫ﺗ‬ ‫ﺇﻧﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺣﻴﺚ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﺠﺴﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﺜﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺩﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻜﻮﻧﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻓﺈﻥ‬ ،‫ﻟﻺﻧﺴﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺮﻭﺡ‬ ‫ﻣﺜﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺮﻣﺠﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻜﻮﻧﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻧﺖ‬ ‫ﺇﺫﺍ‬
‫ﺭﺅﻳﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﻟﻤﺴﻪ‬ ‫ﻳﻤﻜﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﻛﻞ‬ :‫ﺑﺄﻧﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺩﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻜﻮﻧﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ‬ ‫ﻭﻳﻤﻜﻦ‬ ،‫ﻟﻠﺤﺎﺳﺐ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺴﻮﺱ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺎﻫﺪ‬ ‫ﹶ‬‫ﺸ‬‫ﹸ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺠﺰﺀ‬
.‫ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻪ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺳﺐ‬ ‫ﺻﻨﺪﻭﻕ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺧﻞ‬ ‫ﹴ‬‫ﻗﻄﻊ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﺈﺫﻥ‬ - ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺣﺪﺓ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺣﺪﻳﺜﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﻓﺈﻥ‬ ،‫ﺁﺧﺮ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﻧﻮﻉ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺗﺨﺘﻠﻒ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺩﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺳﺐ‬ ‫ﻣﻜﻮﻧﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺇﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺣﻴﺚ‬
(Desktop) ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺘﺒﻲ‬ ‫ﺑﻨﻮﻋﻴﻪ‬ (Personal Computer (PC)) ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺨﺼﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺳﺐ‬ ‫ﻣﻜﻮﻧﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺳﻴﻜﻮﻥ‬ - ‫ﺗﻌﺎﻟﻰ‬
.‫ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻨﺰﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻬﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺒﺎﺷﺮ‬ ‫ﻻﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻣﻚ‬ (Laptop) ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺤﻤﻮﻝ‬
،(Motherboard) ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺿﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻠﻮﺣﺔ‬ :‫ﻫﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻗﺴﻤﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺨﺼﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺤﺎﺳﺐ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺩﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻜﻮﻧﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺗﻨﻘﺴﻢ‬
.(٢-٢) ‫ﺍﻟﺸﻜﻞ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻛﻤﺎ‬ (Computer Peripherals) ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺳﺐ‬ ‫ﻭﻣﻠﺤﻘﺎﺕ‬
٣-٢
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺩﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻜﻮﻧﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺃﻗﺴﺎﻡ‬ :(٢-٢) ‫ﺷﻜﻞ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺿﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻠﻮﺣﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺳﺐ‬ ‫ﻣﻠﺤﻘﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺩﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻜﻮﻧﺎﺕ‬

27. ٢٧
‫ﺣﺎﺳﻮﺑﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺃﺗﻌﺮﻑ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺿﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻠﻮﺣﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﺷﻜﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ :(٣-٢) ‫ﺷﻜﻞ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺳﺐ‬ ‫ﺻﻨﺪﻭﻕ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺧﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺿﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻠﻮﺣﺔ‬ :(٤-٢) ‫ﺷﻜﻞ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻘﻄﻊ‬ ‫ﺃﻫﻢ‬ (‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫)ﺗﺤﺘﻮﻱ‬ ‫ﺗﺤﺘﻀﻦ‬ ‫ﻷﻧﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺿﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻠﻮﺣﺔ‬ ‫ﺳﻤﻴﺖ‬
‫ﻟﻮﺣﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻡ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻠﻮﺣﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺴﻤﻰ‬ ‫ﻛﻤﺎ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﺠﻬﺎﺯ‬ ‫ﻟﻌﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺳﺎﺳﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻴﺔ‬
‫ﻣﺜﺒﺖ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺪﻭﻕ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺧﻞ‬ ‫ﻟﻮﺣﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﺎﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﻲ‬ ،(System Board) ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺎﻡ‬
‫ﺃﺟﺰﺍﺀ‬ ‫ﺟﻤﻴﻊ‬ ‫ﺑﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﻳﺘﺼﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻄﻊ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻛﺒﻴﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‬
.(٤-٢) ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺸﻜﻞ‬ (٣-٢) ‫ﺍﻟﺸﻜﻞ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻳﻈﻬﺮ‬ ‫ﻛﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺳﺐ‬
. (٥-٢) ‫ﺍﻟﺸﻜﻞ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻳﻈﻬﺮ‬ ‫ﻛﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺭﺋﻴﺴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺣﺪﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺛﻼﺙ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺿﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻠﻮﺣﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺗﺘﻜﻮﻥ‬
‫ﻭﻣﻜﻮﻧﺎﺗﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺿﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻠﻮﺣﺔ‬ :(٥-٢) ‫ﺷﻜﻞ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺿﻨـﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻠﻮﺣﺔ‬‫ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍﺟﻬــــﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺬﺍﻛـــﺮﺓ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﻟــــﺞ‬
: ١-٣-٢

28. ٢٨
‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺣـﺪﺓ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﻟﺞ‬ ‫ﺃﻧﻮﺍﻉ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ :(٦-٢) ‫ﺷﻜﻞ‬
‫ﺟﻬﺎﺯ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﻟﺞ‬ ‫ﺳﺮﻋﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻑ‬‫ﱠ‬‫ﺮ‬‫ﻷﺗﻌ‬
:‫ﺍﻟﻤﺪﺭﺳﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﻤﻌﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺳﺐ‬
‫ﺟﻬﺎﺯ‬ ‫ﺃﻳﻘﻮﻧــﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻳﻤـــﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔــﺄﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺑــﺰﺭ‬ ‫ﹸ‬‫ﺮ‬‫ﺃﻧـــﻘـ‬
‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺋﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ (‫)ﺧﺼﺎﺋﺺ‬ ‫ﺃﺧﺘﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺛﻢ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻜﻤﺒﻴﻮﺗﺮ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﺑﻊ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ (‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﻟﺞ‬ ‫ﺳﺮﻋﺔ‬ ‫)ﻓﺤﺺ‬ ‫ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺔ‬
‫ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ‬ .(‫)ﺇﺑﺪﺃ‬ ‫ﻗﺎﺋﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺟﻮﺩ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺸﻜﻞ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻛﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﻟﺞ‬ ‫ﺳﺮﻋﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺠﻬﺎﺯ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬
:‫ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ‬
‫ﻫﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺳﺐ‬ ‫ﺟﻬﺎﺯ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﻟﺞ‬ ‫ﺳﺮﻋﺔ‬
..................................................:
...................................................
‫ﻣﺮﻛﺰ‬ ‫ﻟﻜﻮﻧﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺳﺐ‬ ‫ﻋﻘﻞ‬ ‫ﻓﻬﻮ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺳﺐ‬ ‫ﻣﻜﻮﻧﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺃﻫﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﻟﺞ‬ ‫ﻳﻌﺪ‬
‫ﺑﻘﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﻭﻧﻘﻠﻬﺎ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﺗﻨﻔﻴﺬ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ‬ ‫ﻓﺒﻮﺍﺳﻄﺘﻪ‬ ،‫ﻋﻤﻠﻪ‬
‫ﺑﻮﺣﺪﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪﺩ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﻟﺞ‬ ‫ﺳﺮﻋﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺗﻘﺎﺱ‬ .‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺳﺐ‬ ‫ﺃﺟﺰﺍﺀ‬
‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ‬ (1,000,000,000) ‫ﻣﻠﻴﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺃﻱ‬ ،(GHZ) ‫ﺍﻟﺠﻴﺠﺎﻫﺮﺗﺰ‬ ‫ﺗﺴﻤﻰ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺸﻜﻞ‬ ‫ﻭﻳﻮﺿﺢ‬ ،(Intel) ‫ﺇﻧﺘﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺎﻟﺠﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﻟﺠﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺃﺷﻬﺮ‬ ‫ﻭﻣﻦ‬ .‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ‬
.‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﻟﺠﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺃﻧﻮﺍﻋ‬ (٦-٢)
:(Memory Unit) ‫ﺍﻟﺬﺍﻛﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﻭﺣﺪﺓ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺛﺎﻧﻴ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺮﺍﻣﺞ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﺨﺰﻥ‬ ‫ﺣﻴﺚ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺳﺐ‬ ‫ﺟﻬﺎﺯ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺮﺋﻴﺴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺟﺰﺍﺀ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺬﺍﻛﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺪ‬
:‫ﺃﻧﻮﺍﻋﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﺃﻫﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﻟﺞ‬ ‫ﻗﺒﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺗﻨﻔﻴﺬﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺍﺩ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺼﻨﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻛﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﻠﻴﻤﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻟﺤﻔﻆ‬ ‫ﻭﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ‬ :(Read Only Memory (ROM)) ‫ﻓﻘﻂ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺍﺀﺓ‬ ‫ﺫﺍﻛﺮﺓ‬ ١
‫ﺍﻟﺘﻴﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﻓﺼﻞ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪ‬ ‫ﺣﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﺗﺤﺘﻔﻆ‬ ‫ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺤﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻳﻤﻜﻦ‬ ‫ﻭﻻ‬ .‫ﺍﻟﺠﻬﺎﺯ‬ ‫ﺑﺘﺸﻐﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺨﺎﺻﺔ‬
.‫ﺍﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎﺋﻲ‬
:(Processing Unit) ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﻟﺠﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺣﺪﺓ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺃﻭﻻ‬

29. ٢٩
‫ﺣﺎﺳﻮﺑﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺃﺗﻌﺮﻑ‬
:(Random Access Memory (RAM)) ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺸﻮﺍﺋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺍﺀﺓ‬ ‫ﺫﺍﻛﺮﺓ‬ ٢
‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﻳﻤﻜﻦ‬ ،‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻣﺆﻗﺘ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺗﺨﺰﻳﻨ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺗﺨﺰﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﻳﺘﻢ‬
‫ﺯﺍﺩ‬ ‫ﻭﻛﻠﻤﺎ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎﺋﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻴﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﻓﺼﻞ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﺘﻮﻳﺎﺗﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﺗﻔﻘﺪ‬ ،‫ﺇﻟﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺿﺎﻓﺔ‬
‫ﺃﺷﻜﺎﻝ‬ (٧-٢) ‫ﺍﻟﺸﻜﻞ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﻳﻈﻬﺮ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺳﺐ‬ ‫ﺳﺮﻋﺔ‬ ‫ﺯﺍﺩﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺬﺍﻛﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﺣﺠﻢ‬
.‫ﺍﻟﻌﺸﻮﺍﺋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺍﺀﺓ‬ ‫ﺫﺍﻛﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻌﺸﻮﺍﺋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺍﺀﺓ‬ ‫ﺫﺍﻛﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﺃﺷﻜﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ :(٧-٢) ‫ﺷﻜﻞ‬
،‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﻟﺞ‬ ‫ﻣــﻦ‬ ‫ﻟــﻜــﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻨــﺎﺳﺐ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻜــﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﱢﺩ‬‫ﺪ‬‫ﺣــ‬
.‫ﺍﻷﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻠﻮﺣﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺸﻮﺍﺋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺬﺍﻛﺮﺓ‬
:(Interface Unit) ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍﺟﻬﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺣﺪﺓ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺛﺎﻟﺜ‬
،‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺳﺐ‬ ‫ﺃﺟﺰﺍﺀ‬ ‫ﻭﺑﻘﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺿﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻠﻮﺣﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﻟﻼﺗﺼﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺳﻴﻂ‬ ‫ﻫﻲ‬
:‫ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻜﻮﻧﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍﺟﻬﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺣﺪﺓ‬ ‫ﻭﺗﺸﻤﻞ‬
١‫ﺑﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺑﻨﻘﻞ‬ ‫ﻳﻘﻮﻡ‬ ‫ﺣﻴﺚ‬ :(Data Bus) ‫ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻧﻘﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺒﺮ‬
‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻳﻈﻬﺮ‬ ‫ﻛﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﺧﺎﺭﺟﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺿﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻠﻮﺣﺔ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺧﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺳﺐ‬ ‫ﺃﺟﺰﺍﺀ‬
.(٨-٢) ‫ﺍﻟﺸﻜﻞ‬
‫ﺍﻷﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻠﻮﺣﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻧﻘﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺒﺮ‬ :(٨-٢) ‫ﺷﻜﻞ‬

30. ٣٠
‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺣـﺪﺓ‬
٢‫ﻣﺴﺘﻄﻴﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﺘﺤﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﻲ‬ :(Expansion Slots) ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺳﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﺛﻘﻮﺏ‬
‫ﺍﻟـﺘﻮﺳﻌـــﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﻄـــﺎﻗــــﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﺜﺒﻴــــﺖ‬ ،(٩-٢) ‫ﺍﻟﺸﻜﻞ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻳﻈﻬــــــﺮ‬ ‫ﻛﻤﺎ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺸـﺒﻜـــﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﻄـــﺎﻗﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺜــــﻞ‬ ،‫ﻋـــﻠـﻴﻬـــــﺎ‬ (Expansion Cards)
.(١٠-٢) ‫ﺍﻟﺸﻜﻞ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻳﻈﻬﺮ‬ ‫ﻛﻤﺎ‬ (Network card)
٣‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺳﺐ‬ ‫ﻣﻠﺤﻘﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺑﺘﻮﺻﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﺗﺴﻤﺢ‬ ‫ﻓﺘﺤﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﻲ‬ :(Ports) ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺎﻓﺬ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﺴﻠﺴﻠﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻗﻞ‬ :‫ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺎﻓﺬ‬ ‫ﺃﻫﻢ‬ ‫ﻭﻣﻦ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺿﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻠﻮﺣﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺭﺟﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺸﻜﻞ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻳﻈﻬﺮ‬ ‫ﻛﻤﺎ‬ (Universal Serial Bus (USB)) ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻡ‬
‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺳﺐ‬ ‫ﻣﻠﺤﻘﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻛﺒﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﻋﺪﺩ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﻳﻤﻜﻦ‬ ‫ﺣﻴﺚ‬ (١١-٢)
‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺃﻳﻀ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺎﻓﺬ‬ ‫ﻭﻣﻦ‬ ،‫ﻭﺍﻟﻄﺎﺑﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻔﺎﺗﻴﺢ‬ ‫ﻛﻠﻮﺣﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻔﺬ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﺍ‬ ‫ﺧﻼﻝ‬
‫ﻧﻘﻞ‬ ‫ﺧﻼﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ‬ ‫ﺣﻴﺚ‬ (١٢-٢) ‫ﺍﻟﺸﻜﻞ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻛﻤﺎ‬ (HDMI) ‫ﻣﻨﻔﺬ‬
.‫ﻋﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺠﻮﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻠﻔﺎﺯ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺳﺐ‬ ‫ﺟﻬﺎﺯ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺼﻮﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﻮﺭﺓ‬
‫ﺍﻷﺧﺮﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺎﻓﺬ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻋﺪﺩ‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬ (USB) ‫ﻣﻨﻔﺬ‬ :(١١-٢) ‫ﺷﻜﻞ‬
:‫ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺳﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﻄﺎﻗﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺃﻧﻮﺍﻉ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬
:(Sound card) ‫ﺍﻟﺼﻮﺕ‬ ‫ﺑﻄﺎﻗﺔ‬ ١
.‫ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻤﺎﻋﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻼﻗﻂ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﻮﺻﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﻭﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺻﺪﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﻫﻮ‬ (USB3)
‫ﻭﻫﻮ‬ ،(USB) ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻤﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺴﻠﺴﻠﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺎﻗﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﺍﻷﺟﻬﺰﺓ‬ ‫ﻭﺑﻌﺾ‬ ،(USB2) ‫ﺇﺻﺪﺍﺭ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺃﺳﺮﻉ‬
‫ﻳﻈﻬﺮ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ،‫ﺍﻷﺯﺭﻕ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻠﻮﻥ‬ (USB3) ‫ﻣﻨﻔﺬ‬ ‫ﻳﻈﻬﺮ‬
.‫ﺍﻷﺳﻮﺩ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻠﻮﻥ‬ (USB2) ‫ﻣﻨﻔﺬ‬
(HDMI) ‫ﻣﻨﻔﺬ‬ :(١٢-٢) ‫ﺷﻜﻞ‬
‫ﻭﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ‬:(TV card)‫ﺍﻟﺘﻠﻔﺎﺯ‬‫ﺑﻄﺎﻗﺔ‬ ٢
.‫ﺍﻟﺘﻠﻔﺰﻳﻮﻧﻲ‬‫ﺍﻹﺭﺳﺎﻝ‬‫ﻹﺳﺘﻘﺒﺎﻝ‬
:(Graphics card) ‫ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻮﻡ‬ ‫ﺑﻄﺎﻗﺔ‬ ٣
.‫ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺽ‬ ‫ﺷﺎﺷﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﻮﺻﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﻭﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ‬
USB3
USB2
USB2
USB3
‫ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺳﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﺛﻘﻮﺏ‬ ‫ﺃﺷﻜﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ :(٩-٢) ‫ﺷﻜﻞ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺸﺒﻜﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﻄﺎﻗﺔ‬ :(١٠-٢) ‫ﺷﻜﻞ‬

31. ٣١
‫ﺣﺎﺳﻮﺑﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺃﺗﻌﺮﻑ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﻣﻼﺕ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ‬ ‫ﺤﻀﺮ‬‫ﹸ‬‫ﻳ‬ ‫ﹴ‬‫ﺑﻤﺮﺍﺳﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺿﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻠﻮﺣﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺜﻼﺙ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺣﺪﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﺗﺸﺒﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻭﻳﻤﻜﻦ‬
‫ﻳﻌﻴﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﻋﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺗﻨﺘﻬﻲ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻭﺑﻌﺪ‬ ،‫ﻳﻨﺎﺳﺒﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺎﻣﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﻛﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻌﺎﻣﻞ‬ ‫ﺣﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻮﻇﻒ‬ ‫ﻣﻜﺘﺐ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻭﻳﻀﻌﻬﺎ‬
‫ﻭﺣﺪﺓ‬ ‫ﻞ‬‫ﹼ‬‫ﺜ‬‫ﻳﻤ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻜﺘﺐ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍﺟﻬﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺣﺪﺓ‬ ‫ﻞ‬‫ﹼ‬‫ﺜ‬‫ﻳﻤ‬ ‫ﻓﺎﻟﻤﺮﺍﺳﻞ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺎﺳﺐ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﻣﻼﺕ‬ ‫ﺟﻤﻴﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺍﺳﻞ‬
.‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺳﺐ‬ ‫ﺟﻬﺎﺯ‬ ‫ﺇﻏﻼﻕ‬ ‫ﻳﻤﺜﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﻋﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻧﺘﻬﺎﺀ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﻟﺞ‬ ‫ﻞ‬‫ﹼ‬‫ﺜ‬‫ﻳﻤ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻮﻇﻒ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﺬﺍﻛﺮﺓ‬
: ٢-٣-٢
‫ﺍﻟﻠـﻮﺣــﺔ‬ ‫ﺧﺎﺭﺝ‬ ‫ﺗﻜﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺤﺎﺳﺐ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺗﺒﻄﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻄﻊ‬ ‫ﺟﻤﻴﻊ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﻲ‬
‫ﻓـــﻲ‬ ‫ﻛــﻤـــﺎ‬ ‫ﺭﺋــــﻴﺴــﺔ‬ ‫ﹴ‬‫ﻭﺣــﺪﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺛــﻼﺙ‬ ‫ﺇﻟـــﻰ‬ ‫ﻭﺗــﻨـــﻘــﺴــﻢ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺿــﻨـﺔ‬
:‫ﻭﻫﻲ‬ ، (١٣-٢) ‫ﺍﻟﺸﻜﻞ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺳﺐ‬ ‫ﻣﻠﺤﻘﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺃﻗﺴﺎﻡ‬ :(١٣-٢) ‫ﺷﻜﻞ‬
‫ﻭﺣــــﺪﺍﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻹﺩﺧــﺎﻝ‬
‫ﻣﻠﺤﻘــﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺳــﺐ‬
‫ﻭﺣــــﺪﺍﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻹﺧــــﺮﺍﺝ‬
‫ﻭﺣــــﺪﺍﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﺨﺰﻳﻦ‬
‫ﻭﺣــــﺪﺍﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻹﺩﺧـــﺎﻝ‬
‫ﺍﻹﺩﺧﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﻟﻮﺣﺪﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺃﻣﺜﻠﺔ‬ :(١٤-٢) ‫ﺷﻜﻞ‬
:(Input Units) ‫ﺍﻹﺩﺧﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﻭﺣﺪﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﹰ‬‫ﺃﻭﻻ‬
‫ﺍﻷﻭﺍﻣﺮ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺟﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻹﺩﺧﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺣﺪﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﻲ‬
‫ﻭﺣﺪﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﹲ‬‫ﺩ‬‫ﻋﺪ‬ (١٤-٢) ‫ﺍﻟﺸﻜﻞ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﻳﻈﻬﺮ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺳﺐ‬ ‫ﺟﻬﺎﺯ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬
:‫ﺃﻣﺜﻠﺘﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﻣﻦ‬ ،‫ﺍﻹﺩﺧﺎﻝ‬

32. ‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺣـﺪﺓ‬
١‫ﺍﻹﺩﺧﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﻭﺣﺪﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺃﻛﺜﺮ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﻲ‬ :(Key board) ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻔﺎﺗﻴﺢ‬ ‫ﻟﻮﺣﺔ‬
‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺼﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺇﺩﺧﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺧﻼﻟﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻭﻳﻤﻜﻦ‬ ،‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻣ‬
‫ﻟﻮﺣﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﺷﻜﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺾ‬ (١٥-٢) ‫ﺍﻟﺸﻜﻞ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﻳﻈﻬﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺳﺐ‬
.‫ﺍﻟﻤﻔﺎﺗﻴﺢ‬
٢‫ﺍﻟﺬﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺆﺷﺮ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻜﻢ‬ ‫ﺧﻼﻟﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻭﻳﻤﻜﻦ‬ :(Mouse) ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺄﺭﺓ‬
‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﻳﻈﻬﺮ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻤﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻭﺍﻣﺮ‬ ‫ﻹﻋﻄﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺎﺷﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻳﻈﻬﺮ‬
.‫ﺍﻟﻔﺄﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺃﺷﻜﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺾ‬ (١٦-٢) ‫ﺍﻟﺸﻜﻞ‬
٣‫ﺷﻜﻞ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻛﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻮﻳﺮ‬ ‫ﺁﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻳﺸﺒﻪ‬ :(Scanner) ‫ﺍﻟﻀﻮﺋﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺳﺢ‬
‫ﻧﺴﺨﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻨﻘﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﻮﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺺ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺿﻮﺀ‬ ‫ﱡ‬‫ﺮ‬‫ﻳﻤ‬ ‫ﺣﻴﺚ‬ ،(١٧-٢)
.‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺳﺐ‬ ‫ﺩﺍﺧﻞ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻬﺎ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻀﻮﺋﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺳﺢ‬ ‫ﺃﺷﻜﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ :(١٧-٢) ‫ﺷﻜﻞ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻔﺎﺗﻴﺢ‬ ‫ﻟﻮﺣﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﺷﻜﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ :(١٥-٢) ‫ﺷﻜﻞ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻔﺄﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺃﺷﻜﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ :(١٦-٢) ‫ﺷﻜﻞ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺣـﺪﺓ‬
٣٢

33. ٣٣
‫ﺣﺎﺳﻮﺑﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺃﺗﻌﺮﻑ‬
٤‫ﻻﻟﺘﻘﺎﻁ‬ ‫ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ‬ :(Digital Camera) ‫ﺍﻟﺮﻗﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﺎﻣﻴﺮﺍ‬
‫ﺑﺪﺍﺧﻠﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﻃﻊ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﺗﺨﺰﻳﻦ‬ ‫ﻭﻳﻤﻜﻦ‬ ،‫ﺍﻟﺼﻮﺭ‬
‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻭﻳﻈﻬﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﺒﺎﺷﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻄﺎﺑﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺳﺐ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺇﺭﺳﺎﻟﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬
.‫ﺍﻟﺮﻗﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﺎﻣﻴﺮﺍ‬ ‫ﺃﺷﻜﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺾ‬ (١٨-٢) ‫ﺍﻟﺸﻜﻞ‬
٥‫ﺍﻷﻭﺍﻣﺮ‬ ‫ﺇﻋﻄﺎﺀ‬ ‫ﻳﻤﻜﻦ‬ :(Touch Screen) ‫ﺍﻟﻠﻤﺲ‬ ‫ﺷﺎﺷﺔ‬
‫ﻛﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺎﺷﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻤﺲ‬ ‫ﺧﻼﻝ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺼﻮﺹ‬ ‫ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺤﺎﺳﺐ‬
‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻛﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺬﻛﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺟﻬﺰﺓ‬ ‫ﻭﻓﻲ‬ ،(١٩-٢) ‫ﺍﻟﺸﻜﻞ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻳﻈﻬﺮ‬
‫ﻓﻲ‬‫ﻭﺇﺧﺮﺍﺝ‬‫ﺇﺩﺧﺎﻝ‬‫ﻭﺣﺪﺓ‬‫ﺍﻟﻠﻤﺲ‬‫ﺷﺎﺷﺔ‬ ‫ﱡ‬‫ﺪ‬‫ﹸﻌ‬‫ﺗ‬‫ﻭ‬،(٢٠-٢)‫ﺍﻟﺸﻜﻞ‬
.‫ﻭﺍﻟﻔﻴﺪﻳﻮ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺼﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺼﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺮﺽ‬ ‫ﻷﻧﻬﺎ‬ ،‫ﻭﺍﺣﺪ‬ ‫ﺁﻥ‬
٦‫ﺍﻟﺼﻮﺕ‬ ‫ﻹﺩﺧﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ‬‫ﹸ‬‫ﻳ‬ ‫ﺟﻬﺎﺯ‬ ‫ﻭﻫﻮ‬ :(Microphone) ‫ﺍﻟﻼﻗﻂ‬
.(٢١-٢) ‫ﺍﻟﺸﻜﻞ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻛﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺳﺐ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻠﻤﺲ‬ ‫ﺷﺎﺷﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﺷﻜﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ :(١٩-٢) ‫ﺷﻜﻞ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺬﻛﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺟﻬﺰﺓ‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻠﻤﺲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺎﻣﻞ‬ :(٢٠-٢) ‫ﺷﻜﻞ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺮﻗﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﺎﻣﻴﺮﺍ‬ ‫ﺃﺷﻜﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ :(١٨-٢) ‫ﺷﻜﻞ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻼﻗﻂ‬ ‫ﺃﺷﻜﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ :(٢١-٢) ‫ﺷﻜﻞ‬
:‫ﹰ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺃﻳﻀ‬ ‫ﺍﻹﺩﺧﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﻭﺣﺪﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﺃﻣﺜﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬
،‫ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺎﺭﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺘﺠﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻮﺩﺍﺀ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻋﻤﺪﺓ‬ ‫ﻟﻘﺮﺍﺀﺓ‬ ‫ﻭﻳﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ‬ :(Bar Code Reader) ‫ﺍﻷﻋﻤﺪﺓ‬ ‫ﻗﺎﺭﺉ‬ ١
.‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺳﺐ‬ ‫ﻗﺒﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺘﺞ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺮﻑ‬ ‫ﻟﻴﺴﻬﻞ‬ ‫ﺭﻗﻢ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﻭﻳﺤﻮﻟﻬﺎ‬
،‫ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺎﺭﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺘﺠﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻮﺩﺍﺀ‬
.‫ﺍﻷﻟﻌﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻣﺠﻴﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺘﻌﺎﻣﻞ‬ ‫ﻭﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ‬ :(Joy Stick) ‫ﺑﺎﻷﻟﻌﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻜﻢ‬ ‫ﻋﺼﺎ‬ ٢
‫ﻓﻴﺘﻌﺮﻑ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺺ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻳﻤﺮﺭ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻠﻢ‬ ‫ﻳﺸﺒﻪ‬ :(Pen scanner) ‫ﺍﻟﻀﻮﺋﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺳﺢ‬ ‫ﻗﻠﻢ‬ ٣
.‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺳﺐ‬ ‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺎ‬‫ﹰ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﺗﻠﻘﺎﺋ‬ ‫ﻭﻳﻨﺴﺨﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺺ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬
٣٣
‫ﺣﺎﺳﻮﺑﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺃﺗﻌﺮﻑ‬