The slides from the Conner Prairie Science Lab. Theme for the month: Heat and Fire http://www.connerprairie.org

1. Science Lab Welcome to the

2. Each year, $1 billion is spent on Fireworks in the United States.

3. Hottest recorded temperature in U.S. history: 134 °F – Death Valley, California July 10, 1913

4. Cayenne 30,000 – 50,000 Chipotle 5,000 – 10,000 Bell 0 Bhut Jolokia “ ghost pepper” 1,000,000+ Jalapeno 2500 – 8000 A Different Kind of Heat Scotch Bonnet 100,000 – 250,000 Habanero 250,000 – 350,000 The “Scoville Scale” measures the hotness of peppers.

5. The surface of the sun is roughly 10,000 °F. At the core, temperatures can reach over 25,000,000 °F.

6. Comparing Scales 212 100 373 Boiling (water) 98 37 310 Body Temperature 32 0 273 Freezing (water) - 459 - 273 0 Absolute Zero Fahrenheit Celsius Kelvin

7. Hottest recorded temperature on Earth: 136 °F – El Azizia, Libya September 13, 1922

8. Created by friction, the ignition temperature for a match is around 360°F. Once burning, the initial burst of heat can reach 1100°F.

9. How do they make different colored fireworks? By using different powdered elements in the shell. Here are just a few of the elements and the colors they produce. aluminum, titanium, magnesium Silver strontium and copper Purple copper and chlorine Blue barium and chlorine Green magnesium, aluminum White incandescence of iron, charcoal Gold calcium chloride and sulfate Orange strontium, lithium Red Chemical Compound Color

10. Welcome to the Science Lab

11. Next month in the Science Lab… … MUSIC

12. Peppers have a chemical called capsaicin - this is what makes them hot. Because of the effect it has, capsaicin can be used to treat arthritis, headaches, and neuropathy. Peppers can also be used as a deterrent against insects, squirrels, and elephants. Of course, there is always pepper spray to fend of an attacker or a bear.

13. Every 4 th of July, there are an average of 14,000 public fireworks displays.

14. The Inner Core of the earth, made up mostly of iron-nickel alloy and more than 2,000 miles under our feet, is estimated to be just as hot as the surface of the sun – 10,000°F.

15. Lava, or molten rock, flows from beneath the Earth’s surface and reaches temperatures between 1300 and 2200°F