foreign policy of pakistan

1. Pakistan Studies
HUM 111
By Sana Dar

3. Foreign Policy
“The foreign policy is the is the establishment
and development of relations with other countries
in order to protect the national interest by taking
appropriate steps at International level”

4. Quaid’s Vision on Foreign Policy
of Pakistan
“Our Foreign policy is one of the friendliness & goodwill
towards all the nations of the world. We do not cherish
aggressive designs against any country or nation. We
believe in the principle of honesty & fair play in national &
International dealings & are prepare to make our utmost
contribution to the promotion of peace & prosperity among
the nations of the world. Pakistan will never be found of
lacking in extending its material & moral support to the
oppressed & suppressed people of the world, & in the
upholding principles of the United Nations Charter.”

5. Faces of Foreign Policy
 Running Country’s affairs
 Maintaining the relationship between countries
 Safeguarding the interest of Country
 Keeping the State safe & secure

6. Objectives of Pakistan’s Foreign
Policy
 Develop a friendly relationship
 Safeguard national security & Geo-Strategic
Interests
 Economic Development
 Defense of ideological frontiers
 Preservation of Political independence

7. • Utilization of natural resources
• Control of Terrorism
• Nuclear Policy

8. Basic Principles
 Peaceful coexistence
 Unity among Muslim world
 Non-Alignment
 International & Regional cooperation
 United Nation Charter
 No-Interference in Internal affairs
 Non-Aggressive & deweaponisation

9. Importance
 2nd Largest Muslim Country
 Nuclear power
 Geo-Strategic location

10. Makers of Pakistan’s Foreign
Policy
 Administrative Troika
 Ministry of Foreign affairs
 Intelligence Agencies
 Parliament
 Political Parties & Pressure Groups

14. 1947-1953
Exploration & Friendship with All
Foundations of Foreign Policy
• Member of UN
• Promotion of peace & harmony
• Introduction of new state to the world
Relations with India
• Hostility & distrust
• Kashmir war
• Reunification Statements

15. Relations with US
• Cordial relations in 1948
• US Marshal Plan
• Liaqat Ali Khan visit in 1950
• Assistance in Economic development
Relations with USSR
• Indifferent attitude
• Pak ambassador in Moscow 1949
• Invitation to Pak PM 1949
Relations with Afghanistan
• Irredentist claim over Pakistan territory
• Divergent claims
• Soviet Union back-up in mid 1950s
• Reorganization of armed forces

16. Relations with China
• 1st Muslim country to recognize China 1950
• Credentials exchange 1951
• Helped China to win seat in UN
Relations with Muslim world
• Harmony & cooperation promoter
• Sponsored conferences
• Indonesia, Egypt & Afghanistan strong reservations
• Cordial relations with Iran, Turkey & Saudi Arabia

17. 1953-1962
Alignment with the West
 Independent to Multifaceted alignment
 Multi Defense assistance
 Insecurity within the regional context
 Jute & Cotton crises
 Sense of isolation
 Futile Muslim unity efforts

18. • SEATO 1954
• Cento 1955
• Defense & Economic assistance
• Cost of alignment with the West
• Canal Water dispute 1960
• Sino-Indian war 1962

20. 1962-1971
Transition
 Rethinking about Alignment Policy
 Improving relations with Soviet Union
 Improving relation with China
 Diminishing ties with the US

21. • Pluralistic perspective
• Relations with India
• Crisis in East Pakistan & International
Response

22. 1972-1979
Bilateralism & Non-Alignment
 Withdrawal from SEATO 1972
 Non-Allied Summit membership
 Separation Of East Pakistan
 Peace Agreement between India & Pakistan

23. • PM visit to Russia & US
• Pakistan’s Nuclear Project
• Burning Down of US embassy
1979

24. 1980-1990
Afghanistan & Partnership with US
 Supported Afghanistan in Soviet Invasion
 Accommodated Afghan Refugees
 Revival of Pak-US relations
 ISI & CIA worked together
 Economic Packages 1981-1993

25. • China assisted on Afghan issue
• OIC assistance on Afghan Refugees matter
• Existence of Negative & Positive Relations
between India & Pakistan
• Geneva Accord 1988

27. 1990-2001
Post Cold War Era & Pakistan’s
Dilemmas
 Another drift in Pak-US relations
 Continuation of Afghanistan Problem
 Insurgency in Kashmir
 Going Nuclear

28. 2001 Onwards
Counter Terrorism
 9/11 Attack
 War Against Terrorism
 Pakistan Frontline Ally

29. Drone Attacks

30. • Increased US Support
• US – Taliban Peace process
• Ups & Downs in India Pakistan Relations
• Expansion in China Pakistan Relations
CPEC
• Cordial Relations with Muslim States