Health stuff

1. HIV/AIDS:
WhatYou Need to Know About It
By: Zach Mullis

2. Cause
• The Origin: It has been identified that a type of
chimpanzee native to Central Africa was the
source of HIV.The ape version of the virus, SIV,
jumped to humans due to the hunting and
eating of infected chimps.Virus then spread
through Africa and was in the U.S by the mid
1970's

3. Transmission
• The primary form of transmission of HIV is
through the exchange of semen and/or blood
• Meaning that HIV is only sexually transmitted
through anal, vaginal and oral sex (possibility of
transmission is respective)
• Because HIV can survive for 42 days in a used
syringe, in ideal conditions, sharing needles is a
surefire way to contract it.
• Also if a pregnant woman has HIV, it is possible
for the child to contract it at birth, during
pregnancy, or during breastfeeding
• Occupational exposure has been documented but is
uncommon

4. Stages of Progression
• Acute HIV infection– within 2-4 weeks of
contraction, flu-like symptoms show, extremely
contagious.
• Clinical latency– without medication this can last for
over a decade or much less, medication can keep you
in this phase for several decades, ART keeps the virus
suppressed and decreases contamination levels
• Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)– the
virus basically strips you of an immune system so you
are constantly getting sick. Without treatment life
expectancy is about 3 years

5. Statistics
• In 2014, estimated 44,073 people were
diagnosed with HIV in U.S
• The South has the height number of people
living with HIV, while the Northeast has the
highest rate
• In 2015, 36.9 million people had HIV, 15.8 million
of which were taking medication
• Sub-Sarah Africa accounts for 66% of all HIV
infections

6. Treatment
• There is no cure. Statistically it will eventually
kill you.
• However, you can enlist in trials and research
studies
• Medication can extend clinical latency for
several decades.

7. Teen Risks
• In 2014 people 13 to 24 accounted for roughly
22% of all new HIV diagnoses in US
• Youths with HIV are the least likely to seek
treatment
• By end of 2012 44% of youths living with HIV
didn't know they had it.
• Percentage of US schools that requires
students to be taught HIV prevention was 41%
in 2014
Estimated New HIV Diagnoses AmongYouth Aged 13-24
in the United States, by Race/Ethnicity and Sex, 2014

8. Prevention
• Abstinence is the only 100% effective HIV
preventative, unless you share needles too.
That's just counter-intuitive.
• Practice safe sex every time
• Take pre-exposure prophylaxis
• Make sure your potential partner is negative
before engaging in relations.

9. Testing
• There are many kinds of tests that are
available.
• There are home tests and lab tests.
• Rapid screening tests, most of which can be
done at home which will just give you a
positive or negative for the most part
• A combination ,or fourth-generation test,
which will tell you if you have HIV or antigens
• Nucleic acid test, a blood test that looks for the
virus itself, expensive and not usually used for
screening

10. Bibliography
• http://www.cdc.gov/hiv/basics/transmission.html
• http://www.cdc.gov/hiv/basics/whatishiv.html
• http://www.cdc.gov/hiv/basics/prevention.html
• http://www.cdc.gov/hiv/group/age/youth/