Backup to ZFS Storage Appliance Best Practices for Exadata Database Machine

Copyright © 2015, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. | 2
Backup to ZFS Storage Appliance Best Practices
for Exadata Database Machine
Emre Baransel
Principal Advanced Support Engineer

Copyright © 2015, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. |
Using ESBU
Oracle Engineered Systems Backup Utility for Oracle ZFS Storage Appliance
Which tasks are performed?
1. Oracle ZFS Storage Appliance configuration  storage administrator
A project including NFS shares is configured in a user-selected storage pool.
2. Engineered System nodes configuration  system administrator
The client NFS and Oracle Direct NFS (dNFS) are configured in this step.
3. RMAN run block script generation  database administrator
RMAN scripts are generated in this step.
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http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/server-storage/sun-unified-storage/downloads/zfssa-plugins-1489830.html

Enable dNFS & configure oranfstab file
• What is dNFS?
• How to enable/disable dNFS?
• How to configure oranfstab file?
• How to understand if dNFS is enabled?
• How to understand if dNFS is being used?
• How to monitor dNFS performance?
• What about fstab options?
• What about filesystemio_options?
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Instead of using the operating system
kernel NFS client, you can configure
Oracle Database to access NFS V3
servers directly using an
Oracle Internal Direct NFS client,
which is faster.

• What is dNFS?
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$ cd $ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/lib
$ make -f ins_rdbms.mk dnfs_on
$ make -f ins_rdbms.mk dnfs_off
! Requires database restart

• What is dNFS?
server: zfsserver1  NFS server Host name (Alias)
path: 10.177.52.158  First path to NFS server, NFS server NIC
local: 10.177.52.151  First client-side NIC
path: 10.177.52.159  Second path to NFS server, NFS server NIC
local: 10.177.52.151  Second client-side NIC (For load balance purpose)
export: /oraclenfs mount: /zfsbackup
| |mount point on a database server
|mount point on the NFS server
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DNFS searches for mount entries in the following order:
1. $ORACLE_HOME/dbs/oranfstab
2. /etc/oranfstab
3. /etc/mtab

• What is dNFS?
Reported in the alert.log:
...
Oracle instance running with ODM: Oracle Direct NFS ODM Library Version 3.0
...
Direct NFS: channel id [0] path [celntap3-bc] to filer [celntap3-bc] via local [] is UP
Direct NFS: channel id [1] path [celntap3-bc] to filer [celntap3-bc] via local [] is UP
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• What is dNFS?
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- v$dnfs_servers
- v$dnfs_files
- v$dnfs_channels

• What is dNFS?
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- v$dnfs_stats
NFS_READ: Read operations
NFS_WRITE: Write operations
- Performance Monitoring script here:
Direct NFS monitoring and v$views (Doc ID 1495739.1)
- OS utilities sar,nmon.. can be used
to monitor network traffic

• What is dNFS?
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DNFS does not utilize NFS mount options.
However setting the proper mount options is
recommended to be in compliance with database
requirements and to improve performance if DNFS is
not operational and the system defaults to NFS.
Oracle ZFS Storage: FAQ: Exadata RMAN Backup with The Oracle ZFS
Storage Appliance (Doc ID 1354980.1)
Sun ZFS Storage Appliance: Oracle Database 11g R2 NFS Mount
Point Recommendations (Doc ID 1567137.1)
Mount Options for Oracle files when used with NFS on NAS devices
(Doc ID 359515.1)

• What is dNFS?
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Direct NFS does not depend on the value of
filesystemio_options.
Direct NFS always issues async and direct I/O as it
does not depend on OS support. However, since we
can always fall back to the OS NFS client in case of
mis-configuration, as a precaution, set
filesystemio_options to 'directio' or 'setall' if the OS
supports it.

Increase MTU size
• To avoid backup performance regression, the MTU size should be set to 65520.
• Backup/restore performance and stability will be higher on the higher MTU settings.
• The MTU size reduction should be utilized if page allocation failure events have been
experienced
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Exadata version Recommended Permitted
< 11.2.3.3.0 or >= 12.1.2.1.0 65520 7000,15000,31000,64000
>= 11.2.3.3.0 and < 12.1.2.1.0 7000 15000,31000,64000,65520

Configure Projects To Use a Write Bias of “Throughput”
Synchronous writes are optimized for
throughput. Data is written to the
primary data disks instead of the log
device(s), and the writes are
performed in a way that optimizes for
total bandwidth of the system.
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Increase "Database record size"
• 2013.1.1 or later code levels are
required to use large 1MB record sizes.
• If the ZFS Storage Appliance is running
earlier code, 128K record size is the
largest available option.
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Backup Compression
• Attempting to compress data that doesn’t typically yield good compression
results lengthens the backup window significantly, consumes unnecessary
CPU resources, and results in very little space savings.
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Backup Type Duration Compression Ratio
nocompress 3 min. -
ZFS LZJB compression 2 min. 58% compression
ZFS GZIP compression 16 min. 75% compression
RMAN compression 16 min. 75% compression
A recent tablespace backup test
results of Exa-ZFS configuration.

Keep some free space
• The recommendation from Oracle Exadata MAA and Sun ZFS Storage
Appliance development team is to keep 20% free space on
each disk pool created, allowing the copy and write operations to
run optimally. If the free space is allowed to reduce past the 20%
recommendation, then write operations to the Sun ZFS Storage Appliance
might be impacted because the appliance will be forced to spend more
time looking for free space.
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ZFS-Exadata Configuration References
• Oracle ZFS Storage: FAQ: Exadata RMAN Backup with The Oracle ZFS Storage Appliance
(Doc ID 1354980.1)
• Backup and Recovery Performance and Best Practices using Oracle Sun ZFS Storage Appliance and Oracle
Exadata Database Machine
http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/database/features/availability/maa-wp-dbm-zfs-backup-1593252.pdf
• "Oracle Engineered Systems Backup Utility for Oracle ZFS Storage Appliance" tool
http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/server-storage/sun-unified-storage/downloads/zfssa-plugins-1489830.html
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Backup to ZFS Storage Appliance Best Practices for Exadata Database Machine

Backup to ZFS Storage Appliance Best Practices for Exadata Database Machine

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Backup to ZFS Storage Appliance Best Practices for Exadata Database Machine