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REKOGNISI
ANTIGEN
Oleh :
Dr. Yulialdi Bimanto Heryanto Putra
Pembimbing :
dr. Kartono Sudarman, Sp.T.H.T.K.L. (K).
• FUNGSI IMUNITAS: MEMERANGI INFEKSI
 REAKSI IMUN BERLEBIH
HIPERSENSITIVITAS/ALERGI
• RESPON YANG TIDAK SESUAI
TERHADAP PAPARAN ANTIGEN
SETELAH INISIASI
• KATA ALERGI MERUJUK PADA EFEK
NEGATIF DARI HIPERSENSITIVITAS
TERHADAP ANTIGEN (ALERGEN)
• KLASIFIKASI (GELL DAN COOMBS)
1. R.HIPERSENSITIVITAS TIPE 1
2. R. HIPERSENSITIVITAS TIPE 2
3. R. HIPERSENSITIVITAS TIPE 3
4. R. HIPERSENSITIVITAS TIPE 4
HIPERSENSITIVITAS TIPE 1
 MEKANISME: MELEKATNYA IGE PADA SEL
MAST  BEREAKSI DENGAN ANTIGEN
MELEPASKAN MEDIATOR INFLAMASI
 ANTIGEN – ANTIGEN PENGINDUKSI:
1. INHALASI: SERBUK SARI, SPORA JAMUR,
KUTU DEBU (DUST MITE), BULU BINATANG
2. MELALUI USUS: KACANG, IKAN, SUSU, ZAT
PENGAWET MAKANAN
3. KONTAK KULIT: BULU BINATANG, KUTU
• ZAT-ZAT PERANTARA FARMAKOLOGI
1. HISTAMIN
2. ZAT ANAFILAKSIS YANG BEREAKSI LAMBAT
(SRS-A)
3. PAF
4. 5- HIDROKSI TRIPTAMIN (SERETONIN)
5. FAKTOR KEMOTAKTIK NEUTROFIL DAN
EOSINOFIL
6. LEUKOTRIN DAN PROSTAGLANDIN
CONT…
• EFEK: ZAT PERANTARA SEL MAST
MENINGKATKAN PERMEABILITAS
KAPILER, VASODILATASI, KONTRAKSI
OTOT POLOS, PENYEMPITAN BRONKUS
• CONTOH PENYAKIT: SYOK
ANAFILAKSIS, RINITIS ALERGI, ASMA,
DAN REAKSI ALERGI OBAT
HIPERSENSITIVITAS TIPE 2
• MEKANISME: IKATAN ANTIBODI IGG
ATAU IGM TERHADAP SEL ATAU
ANTIGEN AKTIVASI KASKADE
KOMPLEMEN FAGOSITOSIS ATAU
SITOLITIK
• PERANAN T –SITOTOKSIK DAN SEL NK
CONTOH:
1. REAKSI TRANFUSI
2. REAKSI TERHADAP OBAT (ANEMIA
HEMOLITIK)
3. PENYAKIT AUTOIMUN TIROID
4. PENOLAKAN TRANPLANTASI GINJAL
ALLOGRAF YANG HIPERAKUT
HIPERSENSITIVITAS TIPE 3
• MEKANISME: AKTIVASI KOMPLEMEN
OLEH KOMPLEK IMUN INFILTRASI
PMN ENZIM LISOSOMAL DAN FAKTOR
PERMEABILITASRESPON INFLAMASI
• DAPAT TERJADI LOKAL MAUPUN
SISTEMIK
CONTOH:
1. REAKSI ARTHUS (PADA KULIT) 
PENDERITA DM YANG TERSENSITISASI
INSULIN KARENA PENYUNTIKAN
BERULANG
2. SISTEMIK LUPUS ERITEMATOSUS
3. SERUM SICKNESS
4. REMATOID ARTRITIS DLL
HIPERSENSITIVITAS TIPE 4
• MEKANISME: APC PRESENTASI ANTIGEN
TERHADAP SEL T MELALUI MHC
PELEPASAN LIMFOKIN STIMULASI
MAKROFAG, LIMFOSIT, PMN PELEPASAN
LISOSIM KERUSAKAN JARINGAN
• CONTOH: REAKSI TUBERKULIN,
PEMBENTUKAN GRANULOMA PADA
PENYAKIT PARASIT, DERMATITIS KONTAK,
FAKTOR YANG BERPERAN PADA
ALERGI
• BESARNYA TITER IGE
• PERANAN GUGUS DW2 PADA HLA TERHADAP ALERGI
SERBUK SARI POHON (RAGWEED)
• HIPERAKTIF IMUN (BERKAITAN DENGAN HLA-B8 DAN
DW3
• DERAJAT PEMAPARAN TERHADAP ANTIGEN
• STATUS GIZI
• ADANYA INFEKSI KRONIS YANG MENDASARI
REKOGNISI ALERGI.ppt

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REKOGNISI ALERGI.ppt

  • 1. REKOGNISI ANTIGEN Oleh : Dr. Yulialdi Bimanto Heryanto Putra Pembimbing : dr. Kartono Sudarman, Sp.T.H.T.K.L. (K).
  • 2. • FUNGSI IMUNITAS: MEMERANGI INFEKSI  REAKSI IMUN BERLEBIH HIPERSENSITIVITAS/ALERGI • RESPON YANG TIDAK SESUAI TERHADAP PAPARAN ANTIGEN SETELAH INISIASI • KATA ALERGI MERUJUK PADA EFEK NEGATIF DARI HIPERSENSITIVITAS TERHADAP ANTIGEN (ALERGEN)
  • 3. • KLASIFIKASI (GELL DAN COOMBS) 1. R.HIPERSENSITIVITAS TIPE 1 2. R. HIPERSENSITIVITAS TIPE 2 3. R. HIPERSENSITIVITAS TIPE 3 4. R. HIPERSENSITIVITAS TIPE 4
  • 4. HIPERSENSITIVITAS TIPE 1  MEKANISME: MELEKATNYA IGE PADA SEL MAST  BEREAKSI DENGAN ANTIGEN MELEPASKAN MEDIATOR INFLAMASI  ANTIGEN – ANTIGEN PENGINDUKSI: 1. INHALASI: SERBUK SARI, SPORA JAMUR, KUTU DEBU (DUST MITE), BULU BINATANG 2. MELALUI USUS: KACANG, IKAN, SUSU, ZAT PENGAWET MAKANAN 3. KONTAK KULIT: BULU BINATANG, KUTU
  • 5. • ZAT-ZAT PERANTARA FARMAKOLOGI 1. HISTAMIN 2. ZAT ANAFILAKSIS YANG BEREAKSI LAMBAT (SRS-A) 3. PAF 4. 5- HIDROKSI TRIPTAMIN (SERETONIN) 5. FAKTOR KEMOTAKTIK NEUTROFIL DAN EOSINOFIL 6. LEUKOTRIN DAN PROSTAGLANDIN
  • 6. CONT… • EFEK: ZAT PERANTARA SEL MAST MENINGKATKAN PERMEABILITAS KAPILER, VASODILATASI, KONTRAKSI OTOT POLOS, PENYEMPITAN BRONKUS • CONTOH PENYAKIT: SYOK ANAFILAKSIS, RINITIS ALERGI, ASMA, DAN REAKSI ALERGI OBAT
  • 7. HIPERSENSITIVITAS TIPE 2 • MEKANISME: IKATAN ANTIBODI IGG ATAU IGM TERHADAP SEL ATAU ANTIGEN AKTIVASI KASKADE KOMPLEMEN FAGOSITOSIS ATAU SITOLITIK • PERANAN T –SITOTOKSIK DAN SEL NK
  • 8. CONTOH: 1. REAKSI TRANFUSI 2. REAKSI TERHADAP OBAT (ANEMIA HEMOLITIK) 3. PENYAKIT AUTOIMUN TIROID 4. PENOLAKAN TRANPLANTASI GINJAL ALLOGRAF YANG HIPERAKUT
  • 9. HIPERSENSITIVITAS TIPE 3 • MEKANISME: AKTIVASI KOMPLEMEN OLEH KOMPLEK IMUN INFILTRASI PMN ENZIM LISOSOMAL DAN FAKTOR PERMEABILITASRESPON INFLAMASI • DAPAT TERJADI LOKAL MAUPUN SISTEMIK
  • 10. CONTOH: 1. REAKSI ARTHUS (PADA KULIT)  PENDERITA DM YANG TERSENSITISASI INSULIN KARENA PENYUNTIKAN BERULANG 2. SISTEMIK LUPUS ERITEMATOSUS 3. SERUM SICKNESS 4. REMATOID ARTRITIS DLL
  • 11. HIPERSENSITIVITAS TIPE 4 • MEKANISME: APC PRESENTASI ANTIGEN TERHADAP SEL T MELALUI MHC PELEPASAN LIMFOKIN STIMULASI MAKROFAG, LIMFOSIT, PMN PELEPASAN LISOSIM KERUSAKAN JARINGAN • CONTOH: REAKSI TUBERKULIN, PEMBENTUKAN GRANULOMA PADA PENYAKIT PARASIT, DERMATITIS KONTAK,
  • 12. FAKTOR YANG BERPERAN PADA ALERGI • BESARNYA TITER IGE • PERANAN GUGUS DW2 PADA HLA TERHADAP ALERGI SERBUK SARI POHON (RAGWEED) • HIPERAKTIF IMUN (BERKAITAN DENGAN HLA-B8 DAN DW3 • DERAJAT PEMAPARAN TERHADAP ANTIGEN • STATUS GIZI • ADANYA INFEKSI KRONIS YANG MENDASARI