communication

1. Media and Types of Communication

2. Overview
 Communication Media
◦ Physical media
 Examples of physical media
◦ Mechanical media
 Examples of mechanical media
 Types of communication
◦ Based on communication channels
 Verbal communication
 Non-verbal communication
◦ Based on style and purpose
 Formal communication
 Informal communication

3. Communication Media
Communication
Channels
Physical
Media
Mechanical
Media

4. Physical media
 Person who is talking can be seen and heard by
the audience
 Not only hear the messages but also to see
body language and feel the climate
 Does not need to be two way channel
 Especially used when dealing with high concern
messages - organizational change or down
sizing

5. Examples of Physical media
 Large meetings, town hall meetings
 Department meetings (weekly meetings)
 Up close and personal (exclusive meetings)
 Viral communication or word of mouth

6. Large meetings
 Great symbolic value
and should be used only
at special occasions
 Excellent when a new
vision or
strategy, information
about reorganization are
to be presented

7. Weekly departmental meetings
 Communicate daily operative issues, exchange
status reports and discuss problems
 Opportunity to build the big picture, prepare for
change, create ownership of important
strategies and goals

8. Up close and personal
 Form of meetings where, often, a senior
manager meets with a “random”
selection of employees to discuss and
answer questions
 Used in specific projects or campaigns
e.g. launching new strategies

9. Viral communication
 Marketing techniques that
use pre-existing social
networks to increase brand
awareness (such as product
sales)
 Can be delivered by word of
mouth or enhanced by the
network effects of the
Internet
 May take the form of video
clips, interactive flash
games, ebooks, images, or
text messages.

10. Mechanical Media
 Second of the two types of
communication medium
 Written or electronic channels
 Used as archives for messages or for
giving the big picture and a deeper
knowledge

11. Examples of Mechanical media
 E-mail
 Weekly letters or newsletters
 Personal letters
 Billboards
 Magazines or papers
 Social media

12. E-mail
 Good channel for the daily
communication to specific target groups
 Suitable mainly for up-to-date and
“simple” messages where there is no risk
of misunderstanding

13. Weekly letters
 Generally used by managers that have
large groups of employees and who have
difficulties in meeting all of them
 They can also contain summaries and
status in tasks, projects or issues –
yesterday, today and tomorrow

14. Personal letters
 At special occasions it can be justified to
send a personal letter to employees in order
to get attention to a specific issue
 Can be a letter with your personal
commentary on an ongoing reorganization
that affects many employees

15. Billboards
 One of the most
forgotten types of
communication media
 Good thing - Inform
people who do not have
computers and/or access
to the internet

16. Magazines or papers
 Offers the opportunity to deepen a specific
issue, explain context, describe consequences
or tell a story
 Create a broad internal understanding of
strategic messages

17. Social media
 Media designed to be
disseminated through social
interaction, created using
highly accessible and
scalable publishing
techniques
 Supports the human need
for social interaction, using
Internet- and web-based
technologies to transform
broadcast media
monologues (one to many)
into social media dialogues
(many to many)

18. Types of communication
Types of
communication
Based on
communication
channels
Based on style
and purpose
Verbal Non-verbal Formal Informal
Oral
Written

19. Verbal Communication
 Communication is based on language
 An inseparable part of business communication
 Two types of verbal communication
◦ Oral Communication
◦ Written Communication

20. Oral communication
 Involves the exchange of ideas, opinions and
information through verbal means
 Communication takes place orally
 Word communication (not written)
 Messages are exchanged between a
communicator and a communicate

21. Oral communication(contd.)
 Oral communication could take a variety of forms
or types, such as:
◦ Private discussions
◦ Conversations
◦ Oral instructions and orders
◦ Gossip
◦ Telephone conversation
◦ Formal meetings
◦ Informal meetings
◦ Interviews
◦ Oral presentations
◦ Conference/seminars

22. Written communication
 Message communicated in a written form
 Generally used when the audience is at a
distance or when a permanency of record is
needed.

23. Non-Verbal Communication
 Often referred to as body language
 Includes the overall body language
of the person who is
speaking, which will include the
body posture, the hand
gestures, and the overall body
movements
 Facial expressions also play a major
role
 Can also be in the form of pictorial
representations, signboards, or
even photographs, sketches and
paintings

24. Formal
Communication
 Includes all the instances where communication
has to occur in a set formal format
 Official conferences, meetings and written
memos and corporate letters are used for this
form of communication
 Straightforward, official and always precise and
has a stringent and rigid tone to it

25. Informal Communication
 Includes instances of free
and unrestrained
communication between
people who share a casual
rapport with each other
 Does not have any rigid
rules and guidelines
 Need not necessarily have
boundaries of time, place
or even subjects for that
matter

26. Thank you!!