Free space optical communication

1. Free Space Optical Communication (FSO) Supervised by: Prof. Magdy Ibrahim Prepared by: Ahmed Ashraf Abdel-Haseb Ahmed-Houssam Mahmoud Ahmed Magdy El-Sayed Amr Atef Hussein Mohamed Khaled Abo-Seif

2. Free Space Optical Communication (FSO) Supervised by: Prof. Magdy Ibrahim Prepared by: Ahmed Ashraf Abdel-Haseb Ahmed-Houssam Mahmoud Ahmed Magdy El-Sayed Amr Atef Hussein Mohamed Khaled Abo-Seif

3. Outlines • Introduction [1] • Free Space Optical Link Design [2] • Applications [3] • FSO vs. Fiber vs. Microwave Links

5. Introduction • Operation of FSO • Uses • Advantages and Disadvantages • Security Aspects • Safety Aspects

7. Introduction • Operation of FSO • Uses • To cross a public road or other barriers which the sender and receiver do not own. • For communications between spacecraft. • Speedy service delivery of high-bandwidth access to optical fiber networks. • Advantages and Disadvantages • Security Aspects • Safety Aspects

8. Introduction • Operation of FSO • Uses • Advantages and Disadvantages  Advantages • License-free operation. • High bit rates. • Low bit error rates. • Immunity to electromagnetic interference. • Security. • Easiness and speed of installation. • Security Aspects • Safety Aspects

9. Introduction • Operation of FSO • Uses • Advantages and Disadvantages  Disadvantages • Beam dispersion. • Atmospheric absorption. • Rain, Snow, Fog (10..~100 dB/km attenuation). • Background light. • Security Aspects • Safety Aspects

11. Introduction • Operation of FSO • Applications • Advantages and Disadvantages • Security Aspects • Safety Aspects • Eye Damage

13. Free Space Optical Link Design • FSO Subsystems • FSO Link Equation and Link Budget • Theoretical Range Limit • BER, Data Rate, and Range

14. Free Space Optical Link Design • FSO Subsystems 1. Transmitter 2. Receiver 3. Tracking System • FSO Link Equation and Link Budget • Theoretical Range Limit • BER, Data Rate, and Range

15. Free Space Optical Link Design • FSO Subsystems 1. Transmitter 2. Receiver 3. Tracking System • Requirements: Tracking Frequency, Resolution, Speed, … etc. • FSO Link Equation and Link Budget • Theoretical Range Limit • BER, Data Rate, and Range

16. Free Space Optical Link Design

17. Free Space Optical Link Design

18. Free Space Optical Link Design • FSO Subsystems • FSO Link Equation and Link Budget • Theoretical Range Limit • BER, Data Rate, and Range .

20. Applications Free Space Optical Networks • Point to Point FSO Systems • Mesh FSO Systems FSO on HAPs (Future Application)

21. Applications Free Space Optical Networks • Point to Point FSO Systems • Mesh FSO Systems FSO on HAPs (Future Application)

22. Applications 3 A receiver at the other end of 2 Transmitter projects the the link collects the light using carefully aimed light pulses lenses and/or mirrors into the air 5 Reverse direction data transported the same way. • Full duplex 1 Network traffic 4 Received signal converted into converted back into pulses of fiber or copper and invisible light connected to the representing 1’s network and 0’s Anything that can be done in fiber can be done with FSO

23. Applications Free Space Optical Networks • Point to Point FSO Systems Disadvantages • Cannot connect more than 2 points • The points cannot have arbitrary distance between them • Has the poorest network and traffic protection • Mesh FSO Systems FSO on HAPs (Future Application)

24. Applications Free Space Optical Networks • Ring FSO Systems • Mesh FSO Systems FSO on HAPs (Future Application)

25. Nodes of a mesh - FSO topology on fl at terrain but with nodes at different heights.

26. Applications Free Space Optical Networks • Ring FSO Systems • Mesh FSO Systems Advantages • The best network and service protection • Very high data rates • Scalability and expandability FSO on HAPs (Future Application)

27. Applications Free Space Optical Networks • Ring FSO Systems • Mesh FSO Systems Disadvantages • The complexity of each node in the mesh topology. • High Cost FSO on HAPs (Future Application)

28. Nodes over a geographical territory with line of sight between them.

29. Applications Free Space Optical Networks • Ring FSO Systems • Mesh FSO Systems FSO on HAPs (Future Application) • Use on high altitude platforms (HAPs), (20 – 30 Km). • Estimated Range: more than 600km. • .

30. Applications Free Space Optical Networks • Ring FSO Systems • Mesh FSO Systems FSO on HAPs (Future Application) Advantages: • Stratospheric Conditions. • Low attenuation, no cloud interference, low tempreture…etc. • Cost Effective (Compared to Satellites) • FSO Advantages • High Data rate, Low Power Consumption …etc. • .

32. FSO vs. Fiber vs. Microwave Links Criteria FSO Optical Fiber Microwave Data rate Up to 10 Gbps 100 Mbps to 100 Gbps 275 Mbps Installation Easy Difficult Moderate Cost Moderate High Moderate Maintenance low High low Most common Between buildings Point-to point Point-to-point uses Short distance Long distance Short distance Advantages Price Security speed performance capacity and speed No license Immunity to EMI Disadvantages Can be intercepted Difficult to splice Can be intercepted determinate Requires radio license Security Moderate Excellent Poor

33. References [1] S.V. Kartalopoulos , “ Disaster Avoidance in the Manhattan Fiber Distributed Data Interface Network , ” Globecom ’ 93, Houston, TX, December 2, 1993 . [2] Scott Bloom, “The Physics of Free Space Optics”, AirFiber, Inc. [3] “Free-Space Optical Communications on HAPs”, www.hapcos.org , accessed on : 13-May-2012

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