Corporate Leaders Push for Climate Action Despite US Withdrawal from Paris
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Presentation by Andrew Steer, President and CEO, World Resources Institute. MindShare is WRI’s annual flagship meeting of corporate sustainability leaders.
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Corporate Leaders Push for Climate Action Despite US Withdrawal from Paris
- 1. A NEW ERA FOR CORPORATE LEADERSHIP Dr. Andrew Steer, President & CEO, World Resources Institute MindShare 2017—16 May, Washington, DC
- 2. •Source: WEF 2017 Source: WEF 2017 GLOBAL RISKS LANDSCAPE
- 3. THE GLOBAL RISKS OF HIGHEST CONCERN Source: WEF 2017
- 4. 1,000 COMPANIES AND INVESTORS LOBBIED WHITE HOUSE TO STAY IN PARIS
- 5. SO DID MAJOR MULTINATIONAL COMPANIES “U.S. business interests are best served by a stable and practical framework facilitating an effective and balanced global response. We believe the Paris Agreement provides such a framework.” Apple BHP Billiton BP DuPont General Mills Google Intel Microsoft National Grid Novartis Corp. PG&E Rio Tinto Schneider Electric Shell Unilever Walmart
- 6. CEOS TAKE OUT WALL STREET JOURNAL AD May 10th, Wall Street Journal “Our business interests are best served by a stable and practical framework facilitating an effective and balanced response to reducing global GHG emissions. The Paris Agreement gives us that flexible framework to manage climate change while providing a smooth transition for business.”
- 7. “…full compliance with the agreement could ultimately shrink America’s GDP by $2.5 trillion over a 10-year period.” —100th Day Rally Harrisburg, Pennsylvania
- 8. Future cost of wind energy Future cost of solar energy Lower cost of action Higher cost of action
- 9. WILL IT COST MORE TO DO IT RIGHT? PHOTO: FLICKER/PICUTRES OF MONEY
- 10. • Economic growth and climate action are tradeoffs • Economic growth can be consistent with climate action • Economic growth over time is only possible with climate action Photo: C40 Cities/Flickr
- 11. SMART ENVIRONMENTAL POLICIES AND SMART GROWTH POLICIES ARE THE SAME 1. Improve Resource Productivity 2. Accelerate Technological Advance 3. Give Investors Predictable Policies
- 12. Source: WRI chart using OECDstat data, 2013 Patentsapplications indexedto2000levels Total renewable & non-fossil technologies Solar PV Wind Solar thermal Hydro (excluding conventional) 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 All Patents ACCELERATING TECHNOLOGICAL ADVANCE Innovation happens in the low- carbon economy
- 13. SOLAR ENERGY TIPPING POINT CROSSED *Source: Earth Policy Institute/Bloomberg
- 14. Source: New Climate Economy, adapted from CDP, 2014. SUSTAINABLE COMPANIES PERFORM BETTER
- 15. The Battle Short term profit versus long term yield
- 16. LEADERSHIP FROM PRIVATE SECTOR ACROSS THE GLOBE • 78 commit to carbon pricing • 90 commit to 100% renewable energy • 264 commit to Science-Based Targets • 750 commit to deforestation-free supply chains Photo: iStock
- 17. 264 COMPANIES COMMITTED TO SCIENCE BASED TARGETS Source: http://sciencebasedtargets.org/ 100+ increase from last year
- 18. Companies Set Science-based Targets for Land & Water?
- 19. • 71 Fortune 100 companies have renewable goals • 22 Fortune 500 companies are committed to 100% renewables Photo: Flickr/Walmart U.S. COMPANIES DEMAND MORE RENEWABLE ENERGY
- 20. $5TRILLION IN MARKET CAP48 MILLION MWH OF DEMAND FOR RENEWABLE ENERGY65COMPANIES
- 21. PUSHING STATES AND UTILITIES TO EMBRACE RENEWABLES
- 22. PUSHING STATES AND UTILITIES TO EMBRACE RENEWABLES ?
- 23. President Trump’s First 100 Days: A Sledgehammer to Climate Action
- 26. EPA REMOVES CLIMATE SCIENCE FROM WEBSITE “the website…is undergoing changes that reflect the agency’s new direction under President Donald Trump and Administrator Scott Pruitt.” Source: https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/signpost/cc.html
- 27. THE IMPACTS? Source: Rhodium Group
- 28. Image: Angela Radulescu/Flickr CITIES AND BUSINESS DETERMINED TO MEET PLEDGES, WITH OR WITHOUT US FEDERAL GOVERNMENT “Washington will not have the last word on the fate of the Paris agreement in the U.S.— mayors will, together with business leaders and citizens.” Michael R. Bloomberg
- 29. Source: CAIT/WRI 195 signed COMMITMENTS TO PARIS AGREEMENT 145 joined 83% Global emissions
- 30. Chinese President Xi Jinping vows to uphold the Paris Agreement on curbing climate change Xi Jinping, President, China
- 31. $360 billion investment in renewables through 2020 2017: CHINA’S AMBITIOUS PLANS 104 coal plant projects cancelled
- 32. Photo: Rose Robinson/Flickr China’s Coal in Decline?
- 33. Will China’s National Carbon Market Take Off? 13% of global GHG emissions covered by carbon pricing
- 34. Will China’s National Carbon Market Take Off? 25% of global GHG emissions covered by carbon pricing
- 35. The Paradox of Less and More Investment
- 36. INDIA REAFFIRMS PARIS CLIMATE COMMITMENTS “The road from Paris to today has been somewhat bumpy. We will have to sort that out. But I’d like to reassure each one of you here today that India stands committed to its commitments made at Paris irrespective of what happens in the rest of the world.” Piyush Goyal , Indian Energy Minister
- 37. Notes: FY = All years in chart are fiscal years from April 1 to March 31; GW = 1,000 MW. Sources: Bloomberg New Energy Finance (BNEF); The Economic Times. INDIA’S TARGETS TO REACH 100GW SOLAR BY 2022
- 38. Notes: FY = All years in chart are fiscal years from April 1 to March 31; GW = 1,000 MW. Sources: Bloomberg New Energy Finance (BNEF); The Economic Times. INDIA’S TARGETS TO REACH 100GW SOLAR BY 2022
- 39. THE COMPETITION IS HEATING UP… November 2016: India 648 Megawatts January 2017: China 850 Megawatts
- 40. Photo: Flickr/Motorito 2015: EMERGING COUNTRIES JOIN THE RACE • South Africa increased 329% ($4.5 billion) • Chile increased 157% ($3.5 billion) • India increased 23% ($10.9 billion) • Mexico increased 114% ($4.2 billion)
- 41. FRANCE’S PRESIDENT ELECT ADDRESSES AMERICAN CLIMATE SCIENTISTS Emmanuel Macron, President-Elect, France
- 42. Australia Honduras Pakistan Bangladesh Indonesia Panama Brazil Italy Peru Burundi Japan Saint Lucia Canada Jordan Sao Tome and Principe Chile Kyrgyz Republic Seychelles Colombia Maldives Somalia Costa Rica Mali South Africa Cote d’Ivoire Marshall Islands Spain Denmark Mexico Sweden DRC Mongolia Tunisia El Salvador Morocco Uganda European Commission Mozambique UK France Namibia USA Georgia Netherlands Vanuatu Germany New Zealand Vietnam Ghana Norway Zambia Guatemala Zimbabwe
- 43. HOW WE’RE ORGANIZED Climate Energy Food Forests Water Cities & Transport Business Governance Economics Finance
- 44. 20x 50x4%
- 45. NEW INFRASTRUCTURE 2015-2030 GREATER THAN TOTAL TODAY
- 46. THIS…? Image: Flikr/Andreas $1 trillion Urban sprawl costs the United States alone per year
- 48. BRINGING ON THE REVOLUTION FIVE BIG SYSTEM-WIDE SHIFTS • Decarbonized Energy Systems • Cities & Transportation • A New Rural Economy • Tomorrow’s Production Systems • Sustainable Consumption
- 49. TIPPING POINTS -- THEY DO HAPPEN • Radical economic reforms (1985-2000) • Environmental Legislation (1968-1973) • Decline in maternal mortality (1995-2010) • Marriage equality in the US (2004-2015)
- 50. Total head count: 673
- 51. WRI BRAZIL
- 52. WRI CHINA
- 53. WRI INDIA
- 54. WRI INDONESIA
- 55. WRI MEXICO
- 56. WRI AFRICA
- 57. THANK YOU!
Hinweis der Redaktion
- Start here, a new era for corporate leadership Stunning performance from the private sector over the last week, but it in fact started well before COP 21 and the Paris Agreement Companies were mobilizing and making commitments, moving with the current under the prior administration Now you continue with your commitments even when it is swimming upstream, against the flow of the current administration
- Look how many are related to the environment?
- MAKE SURE TO SAY: we know many of you are still actively doing even this week! http://lowcarbonusa.org/business One thousand companies and investors have signed the Business Backs Low-Carbon USA statement since November 2016. · The business letter to President Trump organized by C2ES signed by Apple, BHP Billiton, BP, DuPont, General Mills, Google, Intel, Microsoft, National Grid, Novartis Corporation, PG&E, Rio Tinto, Schneider Electric, Shell, Unilever and Walmart · Over 1,000 small and large companies have signed the “Business Backs a Low-Carbon USA” letter, which supports U.S. participation in the Paris Agreement, including DuPont, Hewlett Packard Enterprise, Hilton, HP, Intel, Johnson & Johnson, NRG Energy, PG&E, Schneider Electric, The Hartford, and Unilever, with a combined market capitalization of nearly $3.4 trillion. · GE’s CEO Jeff Immelt wrote in a company blog-post that the U.S. should play a constructive role in the Paris agreement. He alsowent on CNN and delivered that message · Exxon’s environmental policy manager has made the case in a letter to David Banks that the U.S. would be well-positioned to compete within the Paris framework · The CEO of ConocoPhillips went on record saying that President Trump should support the Paris Agreement (company statement) · Support has also come from several oil companies based outside the U.S. such as BP and Shell, Total and Statoil · For example, BP spokesman Geoff Morrell said the company continues to support the Paris deal. · Shell spokesman Curtis Smith said the company remains “strongly in favor of the agreement in Paris to limit global warming to 2 degrees Celsius or less.” · A Letter of support also has come from Cheniere Energy’s EVP to David Banks, a special assistant to the president for international energy and environment · The CEO of major American coal company Cloud Peak Energy wrote a letter to President Trump urging that the United States remain in the Paris Agreement and seek stronger international support for coal-fired power and carbon and capture. · Peabody Energy and Arch Coal have also told National Security Council officials in a recent meeting that remaining in the 2015 U.N. climate deal would be a boon for U.S. fossil fuels interests
- MAKE SURE TO SAY: of those listed, in the room will be: DuPont, Google, Unilever, Walmart https://www.c2es.org/docUploads/business-letter-white-house-paris-agreement-final-04-26-2017.pdf http://www.wri.org/blog/2017/04/bravo-businesses-supporting-strong-us-voice-climate-action?utm_campaign=wridigest&utm_source=wridigest-2017-05-02&utm_medium=email&utm_content=learnmore
- The Heritage Foundation study this claim stems from actually says $2.5 trillion over a TWENTY year period. Trump quotes, 100th Day Rally in Harrisburg, Pennsylvania 29 April “Our government rushed to join international agreements where the United States pays the costs and bears the burdens while other countries get the benefit and pay nothing” “this includes deals like the one-sided Paris Climate Accord, where the United States pays billions of dollars while China, Russia and India have contributed and will contribute, nothing” “Does that remind you of the Iran deal, how about that beauty?” “On top of all of that, it’s estimated that full compliance with the agreement could ultimately shrink America’s GDP by $2.5 trillion over a 10-year period. That means factories and plants closing all over our country, here we go again” “Not with me, folks” “those are the facts whether we like them or not; the dishonest media won’t print them, won’t report them, because the Washington media is part of the problem. Their priorities are not my priorities and they’re not your priorities, believe me.”
- http://www.wri.org/blog/2017/03/heritage-foundation-gets-it-wrong-costs-and-benefits-climate-action
- Climate action + economic growth are tradeoffs Economic growth can be consistent with climate action Economic growth is only possible with climate action
- Kevin prefers the alternate slide with these categories: Cities of Tomorrow A Food and Agriculture Transformation Decarbonized Energy Systems From Take-Make-Waste to Circular Economy
- https://b8f65cb373b1b7b15feb-c70d8ead6ced550b4d987d7c03fcdd1d.ssl.cf3.rackcdn.com/cms/reports/documents/000/001/228/original/CDP_Climate_Change_Report_2016_Web_Pages.pdf?1477406073
- Question to Andrew: could the Mars/PepsiCo slides on science-based targets for land and water be integrated into this slide as a talking point? “with over 260 companies committed to science based targets for GHG, we see some companies like Mars and PepsiCo expanding the application of science based target setting to other categories.” among some of the most recent – Tetra Pak has recently joined the ranks of this group and will be sharing insights along with Cynthia Cummis later this afternoon From the list 6 CCG members have approved targets and many more in the room are committed to the process In the room: P&G, Ingersoll Rand, HPE, PepsiCo, Pfizer, Tetra Pak, Host Hotels & Resorts, Walmart Number of companies committed to SBTs grew nearly 6x in TWO years Up-to-date as of 4.21 http://sciencebasedtargets.org/companies-taking-action/ - Companies with Approved Targets (42). Walmart, the world’s largest retailer and private sector employer, is one of the most recent ones . - Committed Companies (218) --The 200+ businesses represent an estimated USD 4,795 billion in market value, comparable to the total estimated value of the Tokyo stock exchange, and are responsible for 626 million tonnes of CO2 equivalent emissions per year, roughly equal to the annual emissions of South Korea. --The 200+ companies span 27 countries and represent a wide range of sectors, including food and beverage, automotive, and electric utilities.
- Mars and PepsiCo will be in the room – I’ll make sure to sync with Kevin and Jp about this slide when Kevin is back in the office next week
- Corporations are seeking more access to wind and solar, and large buyers represent 46% of the load in the US 71 of the Fortune 100 companies have set renewable energy or sustainability targets, up from 60 just two years ago. Among the Fortune 500, 22 companies have committed to powering all of their operations with renewable energy. Sources: http://info.aee.net/growth-in-corporate-advanced-energy-demand-market-benefits-report
- of those listed, in the room will be: EBay, HPE, P&G, Walmart, VF, Mars, DuPont, Unilever, GM, Google, Starbucks Letha will talk about the global scope of this work tomorrow afternoon, GM is a featured panelist Up-to-date as of 4.21 http://buyersprinciples.org/2017/01/24/pepsico-and-td-bank-sign-on-to-renewable-energy-buyers-principles/ It’s not just the tech companies that are signing on to the renewable energy buyers alliance (REBA)… 65 companies $5 Trillion in market cap 48 Million MWh of annual demand for renewable energy in the US by 2020 58 global brands are signatories to the Buyers’ Principles. The Principles describe to the marketplace how these companies would like to meet their renewable energy goals When you break down their US targets – in the States alone they need 44 million MWH of new renewable energy by 2020. They contracted more than 3.2 GW of RE last year.
- In 2016, utilities across the country doubled the number of renewable (green) tariff programs to meet skyrocketing demand from large corporate customers. Emerging green tariffs have helped usher in more wind and solar within traditional electricity markets that tend to rely more heavily on coal. Additionally, utilities are recognizing that building new U.S. coal plants is no longer or less economical because of the growing cost-competitiveness of alternative sources (like wind and natural gas plants, and the increasing cost competitiveness of solar power). Over the next four years, utilities have announced plans to close 12 gigawatts worth of coal plants, largely because cheap natural gas has made them uneconomical (FYI--this is the equivalent of switching off a dozen nuclear reactors.) Regardless of Trump, companies including NextEra Energy Inc., Duke Energy Corp. and others that invest billions in power plants are already moving forward with long-term plans to generate electricity with cleaner and more economic alternatives. In Sum, Donald Trump will have limited influence on the U.S. utility industry’s push toward renewable energy. Sources: http://www.wri.org/blog/2016/10/green-tariffs-take-us-expand-access-renewable-energy https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2016-11-23/economics-will-keep-wind-and-solar-energy-thriving-under-trump http://www.wsj.com/articles/as-trump-knocks-obama-on-climate-firms-recommit-to-carbon-reduction-1481218505 http://www.wri.org/publication/emerging-green-tariffs-us-regulated-electricity-markets
- In 2016, utilities across the country doubled the number of renewable (green) tariff programs to meet skyrocketing demand from large corporate customers. Emerging green tariffs have helped usher in more wind and solar within traditional electricity markets that tend to rely more heavily on coal. Additionally, utilities are recognizing that building new U.S. coal plants is no longer or less economical because of the growing cost-competitiveness of alternative sources (like wind and natural gas plants, and the increasing cost competitiveness of solar power). Over the next four years, utilities have announced plans to close 12 gigawatts worth of coal plants, largely because cheap natural gas has made them uneconomical (FYI--this is the equivalent of switching off a dozen nuclear reactors.) Regardless of Trump, companies including NextEra Energy Inc., Duke Energy Corp. and others that invest billions in power plants are already moving forward with long-term plans to generate electricity with cleaner and more economic alternatives. In Sum, Donald Trump will have limited influence on the U.S. utility industry’s push toward renewable energy. New Mexico Story: Over the summer Facebook approached two utilities Rocky Mountain Power in Utah and Public Service Company of New Mexico as potential sites for a new, energy-intensive data center. Facebook asked both to propose a renewable energy purchasing program that would allow them to source the data center from 100% RE. Both responded proactively, and created additional new green tariffs that were approved in each state. PNM created Green Energy Rider – Sleeved PPA via the Utility – which allows FB to enter into a PPA with RE providers. Under this tariff, PNM will procure an initial amount of 30 MW of solar energy from independent facilities to service the data center. PNM will eventually ensure enough renewable energy sources are acquired to meet the data center’s 110 MW average daily load. According to PNM’s application, this data center will also attract an initial capital investment of more than $250 million and create 4,000 – 5,000 jobs. This example is also great to share, because of the consumer driven competition between the two states. Consumers are growing increasingly knowledgeable when it comes to GTs/asking for what they need. States are then responding, acknowledging the potential economic benefits and appealing to the Public Commissioners, which approve these programs, accordingly. With this example – at the end of the day there are now 2 well-designed green tariff options in Utah and New Mexico that other large energy buyers can take advantage of. New Mexico and Utah have also gained a tool for attracting business from the many major companies seeking renewable power. Toyota: will Kentucky follow suit? http://www.npr.org/2017/04/17/523763826/big-business-pushes-coal-friendly-kentucky-to-embrace-renewables Sources: http://www.wri.org/blog/2016/10/green-tariffs-take-us-expand-access-renewable-energy https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2016-11-23/economics-will-keep-wind-and-solar-energy-thriving-under-trump http://www.wsj.com/articles/as-trump-knocks-obama-on-climate-firms-recommit-to-carbon-reduction-1481218505 http://www.wri.org/publication/emerging-green-tariffs-us-regulated-electricity-markets
- http://www.wri.org/blog/2017/04/us-chamber-commerces-energy-institute-misleads-climate-action-costs-3-things-know In the 100 days since President Donald Trump took office, his administration has embarked on an all-out assault on the environment, rolling back existing climate programs, endangering public health and undermining international climate commitments.
- https://www.epa.gov/newsreleases/epa-kicks-website-updates “WASHINGTON – EPA.gov, the website for the United States Environmental Protection Agency, is undergoing changes that reflect the agency’s new direction under President Donald Trump and Administrator Scott Pruitt. The process, which involves updating language to reflect the approach of new leadership, is intended to ensure that the public can use the website to understand the agency's current efforts. The changes will comply with agency ethics and legal guidance, including the use of proper archiving procedures. For instance, a snapshot of the last administration’s website will remain available from the main page.” http://www.denverpost.com/2017/04/29/epa-website-removes-climate-science-site-from-public-view-after-two-decades-2/ http://thehill.com/policy/energy-environment/331185-epa-removes-climate-change-page-from-website-amid-updates
- Source: http://www.wri.org/events/2015/05/delivering-us-climate-commitment-10-point-plan-toward-low
- https://www.nytimes.com/2016/11/23/us/politics/mike-bloomberg-donald-trump-climate-change.html?_r=0 (Nov 2016) http://wtop.com/government/2017/04/bloomberg-to-world-leaders-ignore-trump-on-climate/
- Updated as of 5.8 GE http://unfccc.int/paris_agreement/items/9444.php The Paris Agreement entered into force on November 4th, 2016, and has currently been “ratified” by 144 countries representing 80% of global emissions One of the fastest ratified agreements in UN History Received more first-day signatures than any other UN agreement in history Even with the US election in the middle of the first week, countries remained committed and hopeful that Trump would see the light Source: http://cait.wri.org/source/ratification/#?lang=en
- http://www.france24.com/en/20170509-china-macron-climate-change-paris-deal Chinese President Xi Jinping told French President-elect Emmanuel Macron in a phone call on Tuesday that he would uphold the Paris Agreement on curbing climate change. China, the world's top emitter of greenhouse gases, and France should "protect the global governance achievements contained within the Paris Agreement on climate change", Xi told Macron, the Chinese foreign ministry said. In their phone call on Tuesday, Xi congratulated Macron on his election win and emphasised China's continued support for an integrated Europe and hopes that relations with France would "stride onto a new platform".
- **RBF Supports TRAC II, U.S.-China work **Citi supports clean energy deployment in China (and sustainable infrastructure in cities) China will plough 2.5 trillion yuan ($361 billion) into renewable power generation by 2020. (Reuters, reporting on NEA statement) China projects the investment will create over 13 million jobs in the sector. (Reuters, reporting on NEA statement) China cancelled 104 planned coal power plants (last week) As 2017 begins, China is poised to leap ahead of the United States on clean energy to become the most important player in the global market. In March 2016 China unveiled its 13th 5 Year Plan that included a new, stronger carbon intensity target– and a nationwide ETS system Source: http://www.wri.org/sites/default/files/uploads/NDCs_One_Year_On.pdf
- China is set to launch its emissions trading system in early 2017. China originally tested the emissions trading system with pilot projects in two provinces and five cities, which began in 2013 and 2014. (ChinaFAQs) The market will cover 31 provinces, six industrial sectors and 15 sub-industries, and will involve 4 billion tonnes of annual carbon emissions at its launch, amounting to almost half of the country's total. ***Note that it will implemented in phases from now through 2019, and it is not an economy wide (I.e. some sectors are excluded) ETS. Source: https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/25160
- China is set to launch its emissions trading system in early 2017. China originally tested the emissions trading system with pilot projects in two provinces and five cities, which began in 2013 and 2014. (ChinaFAQs) The market will cover 31 provinces, six industrial sectors and 15 sub-industries, and will involve 4 billion tonnes of annual carbon emissions at its launch, amounting to almost half of the country's total. ***Note that it will implemented in phases from now through 2019, and it is not an economy wide (I.e. some sectors are excluded) ETS. Source: https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/25160
- **Citi Foundation does a lot of work with renewable energy in China. A large part of the record-breaking investment in developing countries referenced on the previous slide took place in China. Indeed China has been the single biggest reason for the near-unbroken uptrend for the developing world as a whole since 2004. China is the world’s leader in clean energy investment (since 2011), and in installed renewable capacity. About half a million solar panels were installed every day around the world last year. In China, which accounted for about half the wind additions and 40% of all renewable capacity increases, two wind turbines were installed every hour in 2015. Sources: https://www.theguardian.com/business/2017/jan/05/china-invest-renewable-fuel-2020-energy http://global-climatescope.org/en/summary/ https://www.iea.org/newsroom/news/2016/october/iea-raises-its-five-year-renewable-growth-forecast-as-2015-marks-record-year.html http://www.chinafaqs.org/files/chinainfo/ChinaFAQs_Renewable_Energy_Graphical_Overview_of_2015.pdf http://fs-unep-centre.org/publications/global-trends-renewable-energy-investment-2016 (BNEF data)
- http://www.climatechangenews.com/2017/05/11/indian-energy-minister-reaffirms-paris-climate-commitments/ Goyal’s remarks were greeted by “resounding applause”, said Paula Caballero, the head of climate at the World Resources Institute. “This is proof of India’s decisive leadership on climate change as they embrace the clean energy revolution to power their homes and create jobs. We live in a vibrant, multipolar world and that is what will enable us to deliver on the promise we made in Paris,” she said.
- http://www.wri.org/blog/2016/05/india-charts-roadmap-achieve-ambitious-solar-targets
- http://www.wri.org/blog/2016/05/india-charts-roadmap-achieve-ambitious-solar-targets
- In November, India unveiled the world’s largest solar power plant, at 648 MW and covering an area of 10 sq km Has enough capacity to fully power 150,000 homes India’s solar goal will support the achievement of the country’s NDC The government’s goal is to generate 40 percent of its energy needs from non-fossil fuels by 2030. India hopes to reduce carbon emissions by up to 35 percent and produce 40 percent of its power from renewable sources by 2030.
- Solar power, for the first time, is becoming the cheapest form of new electricity in emerging energy markets at roughly half the price of competing coal power-India $64 per megawatt-hour, Chile $29.10 per megawatt hour Emerging markets have taken the lead over the 35 member nations of the Organization for Economic Cooperation & Development (OECD), spending $154.1 billion in 2015 compared with $153.7 billion by those wealthier countries. Among developing economies, those putting the largest sums into clean power in 2015 were South Africa, up 329% at $4.5 billion as a wave of projects winning contracts in its auction programme reached financial close; Mexico, 105% higher at $4 billion, helped by funding from development bank Nafin for nine wind projects; and Chile, 151% higher at $3.4 billion, on the back of a jump in solar project financings. Morocco, Turkey and Uruguay also saw investment beat the $1 billion barrier in 2015. India also raised its commitment to renewables in 2015, and developing countries (excluding China, India and Brazil) lifted their investment by 30% last year to an all-time high of $36 billion, some 12 times their figure for 2004 Sources: https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2016-12-15/world-energy-hits-a-turning-point-solar-that-s-cheaper-than-wind http://global-climatescope.org/en/summary/ http://fs-unep-centre.org/sites/default/files/publications/globaltrendsinrenewableenergyinvestment2016lowres_0.pdf
- Alternate image: https://www.theatlantic.com/news/archive/2017/02/macron-economics/515919/
- Current Partners (as of 4.21)
- The Great Economic Acceleration The human economic footprint—in terms of real GDP—grew five-fold in the four centuries to 1900, then more than 20-fold in the 20th century. A 3 percent annual increase of the world economy throughout the current century would create another 20-fold increase in the human footprint, while a 4 percent growth rate would yield a 50-fold increase. 20x = real expansion of global output in the 20th century Ecological Economics Article: “During the last one hundred years, global population quadrupled to 6.4 billion and global economic output as measured by GDP grew more than 20-fold (Maddison, 2001).”; http://isites.harvard.edu/fs/docs/icb.topic661271.files/EE-Krausmann_etal_MatsGDPPop_20thC-2009.pdf 4% = average global growth rate in the 20th century World Bank paper: “Over the 1965-99 period, the average annual growth rate was 4.1 percent in low-income countries, 4.2 percent in middle-income countries, and 3.2 percent in high-income countries”; http://www.worldbank.org/depweb/english/beyond/beyondco/beg_04.pdf 50x = total potential real growth over the 20th century EE article/Maddison 2001: http://theunbrokenwindow.com/Development/MADDISON%20The%20World%20Economy--A%20Millennial.pdf
- We have a choice … more congestion and inefficient cities or… Urban sprawl costs the US $1 trillion per year.
- http://www.flickr.com/photos/56963596@N00/227245766 Or this: compact, well designed cities that can be hubs of economic growth, creativity, innovation, education and prosperity…
- Radical economic reforms – examples from the World Bank Green Belt Movement was founded in 1977 by Wangari Maathai. It is a grassroots environmental organization dedicated to empowering communities, particularly women, to conserve the environment and improve livelihoods. She won the Nobel Peace prize in 2004 Toxic Release Inventory (TRI) is a publicly available database containing information on the release of over 650 toxic chemicals. Updated annually, facilities that manufacture, release or use these chemicals in amounts above established levels must submit TRI reports. TRI was established in 1986to support and promote emergency planning and to provide the public with information about releases of toxic chemicals in their community. Between its inception in 1988 and 1995 alone, releases of chemicals listed on the TRI declined by 45 percent. In raw terms, that is a reduction of 1.3 billion pounds of toxic chemicals being emitted into the nation’s air, water, and land, and at a fraction of the cost of other traditional command and control programs Marriage equality: Massachusetts was the first state in the country to legalize same sex marriage (in 2004). Thirty-eight states had legalized same sex marriage by 2015. In January 2015, the Supreme Court declared that all same sex couples have the right to marry (Obergfell v. Hodges (Ohio)).
- These are up-to-date as of 4.21
- This is WRI
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