Chapter 12 discusses mass storage systems and their role in operating systems. It describes the physical structure of disks and tapes and how they are accessed. Disks are organized into logical blocks that are mapped to physical sectors. Disks connect to computers via I/O buses and controllers. RAID systems improve reliability through redundancy across multiple disks. Operating systems provide services for disk scheduling, management, and swap space. Tertiary storage uses tape drives and removable disks to archive less frequently used data in large installations.

1. Chapter 12: Mass-Storage Systems

5. Moving-head Disk Machanism

13. FCFS Illustration shows total head movement of 640 cylinders.

15. SSTF (Cont.)

17. SCAN (Cont.)

19. C-SCAN (Cont.)

21. C-LOOK (Cont.)

24. Booting from a Disk in Windows 2000

26. Data Structures for Swapping on Linux Systems

29. RAID Levels

30. RAID (0 + 1) and (1 + 0)

46. Price per Megabyte of DRAM, From 1981 to 2004

47. Price per Megabyte of Magnetic Hard Disk, From 1981 to 2004

48. Price per Megabyte of a Tape Drive, From 1984-2000

49. End of Chapter 12