7. The keys trends to shape your future
• The age of instant communications
• A world without economic borders
• 4 steps to one world economy
• The new service society
• From big to small
• The new age of leisure
• The changing shape of work
• Women in leadership
• The decade of brain
• Cultural nationalism
• The growing underclass
• The active aging of the population
• The new do-it-yourself boom
• Cooperative enterprise
Gordon Dryden, 1997
8. Trends in 2008
• Trend 1: Fueling the future
• Trend 2: The innovation economy
• Trend 3: The next workforce
• Trend 4: Longevity medicine
• Trend 5: Weird science
• Trend 6: Securing the future
• Trend 7: The future globalization-Cultures in collision
• Trend 8: The future of climate change
• Trend 9: The future of individualization
• Trend 10:The future of American and China James Canton, 2006
14. Sustainable development
Sustainable development is development
which meets the needs of the present
generation without compromising the
ability of future generations to meets
their own needs.
แนวคิดที่ 1
ความต้องการของมนุษย์
แนวคิดที่ 2
ขีดจากัดของสิ่งแวดล้อม
แนวคิดที่ 3
ความยุติธรรมในสังคม
Intergenerational equity
Intragenerational equity
15. เศรษฐศาสตร์ของความพอดี
The economics of enough
เศรษฐศาสตร์แบบยิ่งมากยิ่งดี
The economics of more and more
“โลกเรานี้มีทรัพยากรเพียงพอสาหรับตอบสนองความต้องการของมนุษย์ แต่มีไม่
เพียงพอสาหรับความโลภของมนุษย์”
มหาตมะ คานธี
16. Shift of social development
Government
sector
Public sector
Policy
Law and
regulation
Empathy
Participation
Achievemen
t
People centered
developmentNon-
governme
nt
organizati
on
Business
organizati
onPeople
organizati
on
People
participati
on
27. หลักจริยธรรมและวัฒนธรรมที่จาเป็ น
หลักจริยธรรมของเวลา (Ethic of timing) ที่จาเป็ นต้อง
เริ่มลงมือปฏิบัติให้เกิดการพัฒนาที่ยั่งยืนก่อนที่จะไม่มีเวลา
หรือก่อนที่จะสายเกินไป
“Take action before reaching the point of no
point of no return.”
หลักจริยธรรมและวัฒนธรรมที่จาเป็ นสาหรับการพัฒนาที่
ยั่งยืน
ได้แก่
• สิทธิและความรับผิดชอบของมนุษย์
• ความเป็นธรรมของคนรุ่นปัจจุบันและคนรุ่นหลัง
• ความเป็นปึกแผ่น
• ความยุติธรรม
• ประชาธิปไตย
• เสรีภาพในการแสดงออกและความใจกว้าง
• ความทนทาน หรือความอดทน
57. Production of dentists in
Thailand
4,961
1,9741,064
1,313
430
Dentists in Thailand (By region)
in 2012
Bangkok Central Southern
Northern North-Eastern
600-700
dental
graduates
11,607
dentists
in 2012
37%
13%
50%
Dentists in Thailand (By sector)
in 2012
Ministry of Public Health
Other government sectors
Private
61. Decentralization
Decentralization is the process of
dispersing decision-making
governance closer to the people
and/or citizens. It includes the
dispersal of administration or
governance in sectors or areas like
engineering, management science
, political science, political
economy, sociology and
economics. Decentralization is also
possible in the dispersal of
Deconc
en-
tration
Delegation
Devoluti
on
62. Administrative decentralization
Deconcentra
tion
Devolution
Delegation
Deconcentration is the weakest form of decentralization and is used most frequently in
unitary states—redistributes decision making authority and financial and management
responsibilities among different levels of the national government. It can merely shift
responsibilities from central government officials in the capital city to those working in
regions, provinces or districts, or it can create strong field administration or local
administrative capacity under the supervision of central government ministries.
Delegation is a more extensive form of decentralization. Through delegation central governments
transfer responsibility for decision-making and administration of public functions to semi-autonomous
organizations not wholly controlled by the central government, but ultimately accountable to it.
Governments delegate responsibilities when they create public enterprises or corporations, housing
authorities, transportation authorities, special service districts, semi-autonomous school districts,
regional development corporations, or special project implementation units. Usually these organizations
have a great deal of discretion in decision-making. They may be exempted from constraints on regular
civil service personnel and may be able to charge users directly for services.
Devolution is an administrative type of decentralisation. When governments devolve functions, they
transfer authority for decision-making, finance, and management to quasi-autonomous units of local
government with corporate status. Devolution usually transfers responsibilities for services to local
governments that elect their own elected functionaries and councils, raise their own revenues, and have
independent authority to make investment decisions. In a devolved system, local governments have
clear and legally recognized geographical boundaries over which they exercise authority and within
which they perform public functions. Administrative decentralization always underlies most cases of
political decentralization.
Dentist, in Thai oral health service system, is one of the most important health profession that is expected to involve in the general health promotion, and perform the activities for create and maintenance good oral hygiene especially dental caries and periodontitis.
There are 9 accredited dental schools in Thailand which are able to produce 600 to 700 dental graduates a year.
In 2012, there are 11,607 active dentists in Thailand.
//Almost half of the dentists in Thailand are in Bangkok region.
//This chart demonstrated that 50% of dentists are in the private sector.