rail transport

1. Rail Freight Transport
FROM SMALL WAGONS TO MODERN
MARVELS………..

2. Headings To Look At:
• HISTORY OF FREIGHT TRANSPORT;
• ABOUT RAIL FREIGHT TRANSPORT IN WORLD;
• LATEST STATISTICS;
• MODERNITY AND TECHNOLOGICAL ADVANCEMENTS;
• CASE STUDY;
• ???????

3. Where it started?
• 1776-development of Steam Engine
• 1807-construction of Cumberland Road
• 1825-completion of Eric Canal
• Mid 18th development of Conestoga wagon
• 1856-development of Pipeline
• 1869s-massive Railroad System in Utah
• 1887-formation of Interstate Commerce
Commission Act
• 19th-development due to construction of
Highways
• 1970-flowering Truck transport
• 1996-concept of containerization & intermodal
Transport
• 1996-air freight
Transportation History!
• Horse drawn wagons.
• Railways.
• Flatboats or Rafts.
• Trucks
• Steamboats.
• Cargo Ships.
• Airlines.

4. • 1829: testing of Sturbridge lion
• 1830:14miles B & O were opened
• Oct 1830: first successful locomotive with 7 ton weight was
shipped to Charleston
• 1850-Fedral Grant of land for Railroads from Illinois to Albama
• 1869s-massive Railroad System in Utah
• 1887-formation of Interstate Commerce Commission Act
• 1996-concept of containerization & intermodal Transport
Rail Freight Transportation History!
• 1825- The Pennsylvania Society for promotion of internal improvements in
CWG intended construction of Inland navigation System focused on
railroads.
• 1828- construction of Baltimore & Ohio Railways

5. Regional Difference
North America
 Unified standard gauge rail
connecting CAN, MEX, & US
 Jenney Couplers & Air Brakes
 1980s Staggers Rail Act
 Diesel locomotives & Electrified
northeast corridor
Eurasia
 4 major interconnecting rail
networks
 Major lines are electrified
 China has an extensive Standard
gauge network
 IND & PAK operate extensive
broad gauge network
 Development of containerization

6. Continue…..
Regional Difference
Oceania
 large rail network, mostly meter
gauge, with some broad gauge.
 Chile and Argentina have Indian
gauge networks in the south and
meter gauge networks in the
north.
Africa
 The railways of Africa were mostly
started by colonial powers to bring
inland resources to port.
 A 3 ft. 6 in (1,067 mm) gauge
network with Jenney couplers serves
southern Africa.
 East Africa uses meter gauge.
 North Africa uses standard gauge,
but potential connection the
European standard gauge network
is blocked by the Arab-Israeli
conflict.
South America
 Rail developed independently in
different parts of Australia and, as
a result, three major rail gauges
are in use. A standard gauge
Trans-Australian Railway spans the
continent.

7. Continue…..
Regional Difference

8. Network GT-Kms Countries
North America 2853 US, Canada, Mexico
China 2451 ----
Russia 2351 CIS+Finland, Mongolia
India 607 Includes Pakistan
European Union 391 27 member Countries
Brazil 269 Includes Bolivia
South Africa 115 Includes Zimbabwe
Australia 64 -----
Japan 20 -----
Rail Freight Transport Statistics

9. Some Modern developments
 Containerization
 Double stack containerization
 Bulk Cargo
 Rolling highways and piggy back service
 Special cargo
 Electrification of rail services

10. Containerization

11.  System of intermodal freight transport
 Intermodal containers
 Standardized dimensions
 They can be loaded and unloaded, stacked, transported
efficiently over long distances, and transferred from one
mode of transport to another

12.  Five common standard lengths: 20 ft (6.10 m),
40 ft (12.19 m), 45 ft (13.72 m), 48 ft (14.63 m),
and 53 ft (16.15 m). US domestic standard
containers are generally 48 ft (14.63 m) and 53 ft
(16.15 m) (rail and truck)
 Container capacity is often expressed in Twenty-
foot equivalent units (TEU, or sometimes teu)

13. Double stack containerization

14.  Double-stack rail transport is a form of intermodal freight transport
 Intermodal containers are stacked two high on railroad cars.
 Introduced in North America in 1984, double stack has become
increasingly common there, being used for nearly 70% of United States
intermodal shipments
 Using double stack technology, a freight train of a given length can carry
roughly twice as many containers, sharply reducing costs per container

15. Bulk Cargo

16.  Bulk cargo is commodity cargo that is transported unpackaged in large
quantities
 It refers to material in either liquid or granular, particulate form, as a
mass of relatively small solids, such as petroleum/crude oil, grain, coal,
or gravel.
 Bulk cargo is classified as liquid or dry
 These cargo are usually dropped or poured, with a spout or shovel
bucket, as a liquid or solid, into a railroad car. Liquids, such as
petroleum and chemicals, and compressed gases are carried by rail
in tank cars..

17. Rolling highways and piggy back
service

18.  In some countries rolling highway, or rolling road, trains are used
 Trucks can drive straight onto the train and drive off again when the
end destination is reached
 A system like this is used on the Channel Tunnel between the United
Kingdom and France, as well as on the Konkan Railway in India

20. Special cargo

21.  Several types of cargo are not suited for containerization or bulk
 These are transported in special cars custom designed for the cargo.
 Goods that require certain temperatures during transportation can be
transported in refrigerator cars (or reefers - US) or refrigerated vans,
but refrigerated containers are becoming more dominant.
 Extra heavy and oversized loads are carried in Schnabel cars
 Center beam flat cars are used to carry lumber and other building
supplies.
 Steel plates are transported in modified gondolas called coil cars

22. Electrification of rail services

23.  Experiments with electrical railways were started by Robert
Davidson in 1838
 He completed a battery-powered carriage capable of 6.4 km/h (4 mph).
 The first conventional completely electrified railway mainline was the
106 km Valtellina line in Italy that was opened on 4 September 1902.
 At first, all electric railways used direct current but, in 1904,
the Stubaital Line in Austria opened with alternating current

24. Thanks for your patience