This Slide is about pump and Its types in the fluid mechanics.

2. Introduction to
Pumps and It’s
types
This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA
By: Waqar Ahmed Tunio
(18CH37)

3. Contents
• Definition of Pumps
• Importance of Pumps in Industry
• Pumps Classification

4. Definition
• Pump is generally defined as “an
equipment or machinery which can
increase or add energy in the fluid
(liquid), so that, the liquid can be
transported from one place to
another place or can be shifted to a
station above the actual level of the
liquid, is called Pump”.

5. The pumps are used only for the
transportations of liquid. For gases,
we use fans, blowers and
compressors. Air pump and vacuum
pump is specified machinery for used
for operations of gaseous state.

6. Importance of Pumps in Chemical
Industry
In chemical industry specially those in which
liquids and gases are handled in any way, it is
must to transfer the fluids from one place to
another, from ground to high place or to shift
the liquids from one vessel to another. In all such
transportations pumps are basic need. No such
chemical industry can run without pump. Hence
pumps are the basics need for chemical industry.
The pump can transfer thin liquids, viscous
liquids, slurries, pastes, molten liquids etc. easily
up to enough height. Suctions pumps are also
used in industry to create vacuum or to lift the
dry powders like cement up to enough height.

7. ClassifCication of Pumps

8. Positive Displacement Pump
Definition: It is a type of pump in which a
definite volume of liquid is entrapped in a
chamber which is alternatively filled from
the inlet and emptied at a high pressure
though the discharge.
A Positive Displacement Pump has an
expanding cavity on the suction side and a
decreasing cavity on the discharge side.
Liquid flows into the pumps as the cavity on
the suction side expands and the liquid
flows out of the discharge as the cavity
collapses. The volume is a constant given
each cycle of operation.

9. Types of Positive Displacement Pump
• Rotary Pump
Reciprocating Pump
Diaphragm Pump

10. Spur Gear Pump
Three Lobe
Cycloidal Pump

12. Dynamic Pump
Centrifugal Pump
• These types of pumps
generate high rotational
velocities, then convert
the resulting kinetic
energy of the liquid to
pressure energy. It
contains impeller and
casting.

13. Types of
Centrifugal
Pump

14. Turbine Pump

16. Difference between Positive Displacement
Pump and Centrifugal Pump
Positive Displacement Pump Centrifugal Pump
Working
They pull fluid into a compartment at the inlet
and move it to an outlet for discharge using a
rotary, reciprocating, or diaphragm method to
move the fluid.
An impeller rotates in the housing, reducing
pressure at the inlet. This brings fluid to the
outside of the pump’s housing, increasing the
pressure enough to push it out of the discharge.

17. Continue
• WorkingPositive Displacement Pump Centrifugal Pump
Fixed - they will move fluid at the same speed
regardless of pressure on the inlet.
Variable - they will move fluid at different
speeds depending on pressure.
Flow Rate

18. Continue
• Worki WorkingngPositive Displacement Pump Centrifugal Pump
High viscosity fluids run more efficiently, with
lower energy costs in Positive Displacement
pumps.
Lower viscosity fluids of up to 850 cSt do well in
centrifugal pumps.
Viscosity

19. Continue
• Working WorkingPositive Displacement Pump Centrifugal Pump
PD pumps do well in complex applications - like
those involving suction lift. They create a
vacuum on the inlet side and can reach vacuum
s of 25 to 28” hg - a great choice for lift.
Simple applications like water pumped at 1000
gpm, with no back pressure do great in
centrifugal pumps. They are cheap and
efficient. Some self priming pumps can lift
liquid to 13” hg vacuum.
Applications

20. Continue
• Working WorkingPositive Displacement Pump Centrifugal Pump
Operates from 250 PSI to 3,000 PSI and gets
more efficient in higher pressure.
Best for low pressure applications but can be
run in series to boost pressure.
Pressure

21. THE
END