CKlepac_BenthicEcologyMeeting_StLucieZooxanthellae
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Talk presented at the 2014 Benthic Ecology Meeting in Jacksonville. Presented by Courtney Klepac, the talk focused on the coral associated zooxanthellae communities of the St Lucie Reef
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CKlepac_BenthicEcologyMeeting_StLucieZooxanthellae
- 1. Coral and Zooxanthellae Responses to Seasonal Fluctuations and Freshwater Discharge on St. Lucie Reef, FL
- 2. Coastal Coral Reefs dadecosurf.com Blaine Harrington III/Corbis Alex Boerner/TCPalm Kaneohe Bay, HI/Peter French
- 3. The Coral-Algal Holobiont • Coral host + symbionts = holobiont • Photosynthetic dinoflagellate algae, genus Symbiodinium • Environmental factors and host specificity determine community assemblages
- 4. Community Structure Symbiotic associations can be dynamic or static T. C. LaJeunesse
- 5. St. Lucie Inlet State Park • Latitudinal limit for many Caribbean corals • Shallow (~6m) • Contributes to local economies Montastraea cavernosa Pseudodiploria clivosa
- 7. How is Symbiodinium community composition structured at SLR? Host Species Reef Site Time Abundance Time
- 8. Examining Zooxanthellae at SLR Coral Tissue Zoox Zoox Density Chlorophyll Concentration Clade Type
- 9. Density Changes Over Time & Differs Between Host Coral Species 3-way ANOVA Season: p <0.0001 Species: p <0.0001 Site: p>0.05
- 10. Chlorophyll per Cell Differs Over Time & Between Host Coral Species 3-way ANOVA Season: p 0.04195 Species: p <0.0001 Site: p >0.05
- 11. Total Chlorophyll per Coral cm2 is Correlated with Zooxanthellae Density 3-way ANOVA Season: p <0.0001 Species: p 0.0108 Site: p >0.05 Pearson’s Corr. Density x chl a/cm: p <0.0001 r 0.6956
- 12. Symbiodinium Ecotypes Over Time C Types
- 13. Symbiodinium Ecotypes Over Time B2
- 14. Symbiodinium Ecotypes Over Time B2 A2, A4
- 15. Symbiodinium Ecotypes Over Time B2 A2, A4
- 16. Symbiodinium Ecotypes Over Time B2 A2, A4
- 17. M. cavernosa Wider Caribbean Communities C3d, C3e C3d, C3e, C3g C3e C.J, C.D, C.?, B1, B2, A2, A4 C3o, C3p, D1a C3 LaJeunesse 2002, Savage et al. 2002, Finney et al. 2010, LaJeunesse et al. 2010
- 18. P. clivosa Wider Caribbean Communities B1 B1, D1a Finney et al. 2010 B1, C.J., C.D., C.?
- 19. Summary • Density, chlorophyll concentrations, and Symbiodinium diversity differ between hosts • No local site effects among measured variables • Zoox density and chlorophyll/cell change over time • Novel Symbiodinium associations in both coral hosts • Symbiodinium community composition remains relatively stable B C A
- 20. Dr. Clayton Cook, Dr. Misha Matz, Carly Kenkel, Lisa Cohen, Mike Studivan, Ashley Sproles, Maureen Williams, Jennifer Polinski, Charles Jabalay, Vincent Encomio, Dr. Dennis Hanisak, Kristen Davis, Dr. Greg O’Corry-Crowe Acknowledgements
Hinweis der Redaktion
- Ecological guilds- 1. abundant residents; 2. low background, potentially opportunistic. Ecological niche differs among species of Symbiodinium. Corals can harbor Symbiodinium in a flexible association or one that is stable, or zoox constituents remain relatively unchanged. Introduce expulsion as regulatory or a means to cope with stress. Corals can recover by having an adapted assemblage, preconditioned to the local environmental conditions, or by shuffling or switching. Less is known about which of these mechanisms is more beneficial for the holobiont, especially in variable coastal reef habitats.
- Therefore, one of the goals of my project is to examine the ecology of the Symbiodinium…
- SLR receives nutrient rich, freshwater discharge that originates from Lake Okeechobee. Land use dominated by citrus, agricultural lands. LO is the primary drainage basin of all water in CFL. In the wet season (May-Oct.), nutrient levels and floodwaters rise in LO. When levels reach 15’, scheduled releases via locks and canals. During the release,water is transported into estuary, along with drainage from the Kiss basin. Within the estuary, salinity levels decrease accordingly. This discharge, mixes with local contaminants from Martin County, enters the inlet, and is transported over the reef. As a result but dependent on magnitude, it is hypothesized a gradient dilutes southward over the reef tract. This can be supported by a higher diversity and abundance at sites distal from inlet.In addition to seasonality, upwelling events can also impact the coral-algal holobiont at SLR. Seasonal cold-water supplies additional nutrients and lowers temp that normally range from 21-32 down to 17°C.Multiple reefs in FL experience both discharge and upwelling effects. I am specifically interested in the local conditions that may influence SLR.
- To determine whether the environmental fluctuations occurring near the reef have any influence on Symbiodinium diversity, abundance and community structure; I examined the symbionts at SLR over five seasons.3. So Symbiopopulations could either respond to seasonality by assemblage changes or they can remain stable and acclimated to these fluctuations Potential influences over time- temp, water quality, upwelling, seasonality
- Add subtitles
- the five sampling events which cover five seasons are on the x axis and zoox dens is on the y. There were large discharge events during the summer and fall of 2013,
- Chlorophyll cellular content Prelim analyses of cell volume, M. cav cells were almost 2x the size of P.cli cells, providing room for more chlorophyll pigments
- Chlorophyll per tissue area scaled up from chl/zoox cell. Even though m.cav have fewer zooxs, increased cellular chlconc within its zooxs appear to compensate for this
- The physiological differences observed between the two species can be supported when we look at the results from the ITS2 region sequences.
- A is opportunistic, fast growing, generally associated with health compromised. It’s appearance during a dry spring could be related to lack of runoff and higher water clarity.
- Summer was extremely rainy where discharge of LO exceeded 100m3/s
- Summer was extremely rainy where discharge of LO exceeded 100m3/s
- Cell density changes with seasonality and affects chlorophyll concentrationsM. cavernosa and P. clivosa harbor novelclade C types, and subclades B1, B2, A2, and A4