1. Effects of C/O Ratio and Temperature on Sooting Limits of Spherical Diffusion Flames V.R. Lecoustre, 1 P.B. Sunderland, 1 B.H. Chao, 2 D.L. Urban, 3 D.P. Stocker, 3 R.L. Axelbaum 4 1 University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA 2 University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI, USA 3 NASA Glenn Research Center, Cleveland, OH, USA 4 Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA Supported by NASA AIAA 2008-0827 January 9, 2008
2. Inverse Normal C2H4 air C2H4/N2 O2 d=29.3 mm d=18.8 mm air C2H4 O2 C2H4/N2 d=24.7 mm d=31.3 mm Z st = 0.064 Z st = 0.78
3. Sooting limits. All images from end of 2 s drop test. 18% C 2 H 4 27% O 2 18% C 2 H 4 28% O 2 Flame 5 O 2 12% C 2 H 4 O 2 13% C 2 H 4 Flame 17
4.
5.
6.
7. Sooting limit flames blue=min yellow=max For all flames HRR is 71 W and sooting limit occurs at 2 s. 1814 2670 0.249 0.692 1 0.13 Fuel 17 1729 2578 0.279 0.666 0.8 0.12 Fuel 16 1802 2539 0.148 0.509 0.5 0.15 Fuel 15 1736 2370 0.122 0.336 0.3 0.19 Fuel 14 1689 2274 0.119 0.277 0.25 0.21 Fuel 13 1515 1814 0.086 0.066 0.13 0.6 Fuel 12 1549 1835 0.072 0.051 0.13 0.8 Fuel 11 1581 1847 0.059 0.041 0.13 1 Fuel 10 2262 2740 0.024 0.661 1 0.15 Oxidizer 9 2057 2528 0.044 0.685 0.8 0.11 Oxidizer 8 1795 2381 0.11 0.586 0.5 0.11 Oxidizer 7 1593 2308 0.33 0.353 0.29 0.17 Oxidizer 6 1592 2306 0.351 0.333 0.28 0.18 Oxidizer 5 1498 2238 0.665 0.225 0.23 0.25 Oxidizer 4 1479 2226 0.91 0.18 0.21 0.31 Oxidizer 3 1492 2326 1.63 0.102 0.21 0.6 Oxidizer 2 1545 2390 2.72 0.065 0.22 1 Oxidizer 1 T f 2s K T ad , K t res , s Z st X O2,0 X C2H4,0 Ambient Flame
Thank you for attending my presentation. My name is Vivien Lecoustre, mechanical engineer PhD student at UMD. My topic presentation is Effects of C/O ratio and scalar dissipation rate on sooting limits of spherical non-premixed flames /I would like to present my co-authors who are professor Beei Huan Chao, from university of Hawaii, Professor Peter Sunderland (who is my advisor) from UMD, David Urban and Denis Stocker, from the NASA Glenn Research center and Professor Richard Axelbaum, from Washington University/. This project is supported by NASA. This work is about modeling results. We revisit an experimental paper which characterized 17 sooting limits spherical diffusion flames. Those flame were characterized in microgravity. You may be familiar with the temperature and scalar dissipation rate effects on soot formation. But maybe not on the C/O ratio. Sooting limits arise from a competition between the reaction of fuel pyrolysis and the reaction of soot oxidation. The former will be likely to occur when we have a large number of carbon. The latter, on the contrary, will be likely to occur when great number oxygen atoms are present, greater than the carbon atoms. C/O ratio is a useful parameter to asses the importance of one or the other reactions. The past work carried on soot formation was first established for premixed flame due to nearly constant temperature and Carbon to Oxygen atom ratio, C/O ratio, in the soot-forming regions of premixed flame, and to the decoupling effect of those two parameters. Experiments, carried out by Haynes and Wagner and Glassman using a ethylene premixed flame, show that there is a critical C/O ratio value for soot inception. Soot did not form into ethylene flames with a global C/O ratio less than 0.6
