This presentation given general information about uttarakhand flood and a cartographic model of flood.

2. OUTLINE
• WHAT IS FLOOD
• TYPES OF FLOOD
• CASE STUDY-UTTARAKHAND DISASTER
• EFFECT OF FLOOD
• RECUE OPERATION
• ENTITY RELATIONSHIP DIAGRAM
• CARTOGRAPHIC MODEL

3. WHAT IS FLOOD
A FLOOD IS GENERAL AND TEMPORARY CONDITION OF PARTIAL OR COMPLETE INUNDATION OF NORMALLY
DRY LAND AREAS FROM OVERFLOW OF INLAND OR TIDAL WATERS FROM THE UNUSUAL AND RAPID
ACCUMULATION OR RUNOFF OF SURFACE WATERS FROM ANY SOURCE. IT IS AN OVERFLOW OF WATER THAT
SUBMERGES LAND WHICH IS USUALLY DRY.

4. TYPES OF FLOOD
• RIVER FLOOD
• FLASH FLOOD
• COASTAL FLOOD
• ICE FLOOD
• URBAN FLOOD

5. CASE STUDY-UTTARAKAND DISASTER
•ORIGIN-
FROM 14 TO 17 JUNE 2013, THE INDIAN STATE OF UTTARAKHAND AND ADJOINING AREAS RECEIVED
HEAVY RAINFALL, WHICH WAS ABOUT 375% MORE THAN THE BENCHMARK RAINFALL DURING A NORMAL
MONSOON. THIS CAUSED THE MELTING OF CHORABARI GLACIER AT THE HEIGHT OF 3800 METRES, AND
ERUPTION OF THE MANDAKINI RIVER.
•WARNING ALERT-
WARNINGS BY THE INDIA METEOROLOGICAL DEPARTMENT PREDICTING HEAVY RAINS
WERE NOT GIVEN WIDE PUBLICITY BEFOREHAND, CAUSING THOUSANDS OF PEOPLE TO BE CAUGHT
UNAWARE, RESULTING IN HUGE LOSS OF LIFE AND PROPERTY.

6. EFFECT OF FLOOD
• ENTIRE VILLAGES AND SETTLEMENTS SUCH ASGAURIKAND, AND THE MARKET TOWN OF RAMBADA, A
TRANSITION POINT TO KEDARNATH, HAVE BEEN OBLITERATED, WHILE THE MARKET TOWN OF SONPRAYAG
SUFFERED HEAVY DAMAGE AND LOSS OF RIVERS.
• OVER 70000 PEOPLE WERE STRUCK IN VARIOUS REGIONS BECAUSE OF DAMAGED OR BLOCKED ROADS
• NATIONAL HIGHWAY AN IMPORTANT ARTERY CONNECTING THE REGION WAS ALSO WASHED AWAY NEAR
JYOTIRMATH AND IN MANY OTHER PLACES.

7. EFFECT OF FLOOD
• ABOUT 556 PERSONS WERE DIED, OUT OF WHICH 166 BODIES WERE FOUNDFULLY DECOMPOSED STATE
DURING FOURTH ROUND OF SEARCH OPERATIONS.
• MOST OF THE DESTRUCTION AT KEDARNATH WAS CAUSED BY SUDDEN MELTING OF ICE AND SNOW IN THE
KEDARNATH MOUNTAIN.
• THE VILLAGERS WHO DEPEND ON SPRING WATER SUFFERED VARIOUS TYPESOF HEALTH PROBLEMS SUCH
AS FEWER, DIARRHOEA DUE TO CONTAMINATED WATER BY DECOMPOSED DEADBODIES WHICH HAD NOT
BEEN REMOVED EVEN AFTER A WEEK.

8. BLOCKED ROADS AND SETTLED VILLAGES

9. DAMAGED NATIONAL HIGHWAY

10. RESCUE OPERATION
• THE ARMY, AIR FORCE, NAVY, INDO-TIBETAN BORDER POLICE, BORDER SECURITY FORCE, NATIONAL
DISASTER RESCUE FORCE, PUBLIC WORKS DEPARTMENTS AND LOCAL ADMINISTRATIONS WORKED
TOGETHER FOR QUICK RESCUE OPERATIONS.
• SEVERAL THOUSAND SOLDIERS WERE DEPLOYED FOR THE RESCUE MISSION.
• ACTIVISTS OF POLITICAL AND SOCIAL ORGANISATIONS ARE ALSO INVOLVED IN THE RESCUE AND RELIEF
CENTRES.

11. CARTOGRAPHIC MODEL
•PARAMETERS-
RAINFALL MAP (RAINFALL>300MM)
LAND USE MAP (FOREST AREA)
SOIL MAP (CLAYEY SOIL)
DIGITAL ELEVATION MODEL

13. ENTITY-RELATIONSHIP DIAGRAM