ADITECH CUSTOMER MEET-2015 was held at Hotel RAMADA, Millennium Business Park, Navi Mumbai. This event was sponsored by Intel and Innodisk Taiwan, Event was attended by 39 System Integrator partners from Mumbai, Pune, Delhi, Surat and Banglore. Intel has presented the IOT opportunities for SME. Innodisk has enlightened SI partners on latest technologies used in Industrial grade SSD. Aditech has demonstrated Industrial grade solutions and transportation solutions. Aditech's presentation was on Industrial grade Panel PC's and industrial communication. The event is ended with lucky draw and group photograph followed by networking dinner and ADITECH office visit
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Innodisk at aditech customer meet 2015
1. HOW SSDs
BENEFITS YOU BY
UNIQUE TECHNOLIGIES
AND SERVICES
Elain Wu
Global Sales BU
February 5, 2015
2. • About innodisk
• Why SSD
• Technologies & Service
• Storage Selection
• Summary
2
Agenda
3. 3
Establish March 2005
Chairman Richard Lee
Capital USD$18,578K
Revenue (2014) USD$118 million
Employees (Global) 382
Headquarters Taipei, Taiwan
Branch Offices USA, Japan, Europe & China
Business Focus Enterprise, Industrial, Aerospace & Defense
Intellectual Property 52 (Global)
Certifications ISO 9001, ISO 14001, ISO 14064-1, IECQ QC 080000, TS16949
Production Capacity 600K units/monthly
About Innodisk
4. Sales R&D Finance
$
Marketing Tech. SupportManufacture
Global Operation and Service
Taipei HQ
US Branch
CN Branch
EU BranchNew Jersey
Fremont
Beijing
Shanghai
Shenzhen
JP Branch
6. 6
• Truly designed for IPC and Embedded field
• In House R&D team to fulfill H/W & F/W Customization
• In House Production and Testing
• Worldwide Service, Local Support
What is Innodisk committed ?
9. Cloud Application ─
Server, Surveillance, HPC
Semi-industrial ─
POS, Kiosk, Digital signage
Embedded ─
IPC, Automation
Vertical Markets ─
Gaming, Medical
Security
Endurance
Reliability
Customization
Longevity Support
BOM control
Firmware support
Performance
Reliability
PRODUCT DESIGN, SERVICES, DIVERSE APPLICATION
Military
Application
Embedded
and
Industrial
Application
Cloud Storage
Application
Unique Application ─
Aerospace & Defense
Security
10. Storage Demands
We know your
concern!
• Reliability
• Stability
• Endurance
• Security
• Multiple form factors
• Customization
• more…
Product Design & SERVICE
Defense
In-Vehicle
Gaming
Automation
IPC
11. Technologies
iCell iData Guard Thermal Sensor iSLC
DestroySecurity Erase
Product Design & SERVICE
Data
Protection
Stability Innovation
Data
Protection
Reliability Security Security
12. • Conditions:
– Harsh environment
– Unstable Power Supply
• Applications:
– Aerospace & Defense (Radar/Tank/Data Center…)
– Government system (Data bank…)
– In-vehicle system (Aircraft/Navigation…)
• Issues:
– Power Failure > Data loss
12
Product Design & SERVICE Data Protection
iData Guard iCell
13. iCell
iCell
A smart data protection technology that is built into the
SSD, providing a mechanism to instantaneously discharge
data stores in DRAM buffer to flash to ensure the safety of
data during power failure. iCell
Product Design & SERVICE
HOST
iCell
Technology
Controller
Flash Flash Flash Flash
Flash Flash Flash Flash
DRAM
Buffer
HOST Interface
14. Product Design & SERVICE iCell
Transportation
System
Defense
Harsh
Environment
In-vehicle
Data
Protection
IPC
Automation
15. iData Guard
iData Guard
A Comprehensive data protection mechanism that
is active before and after a sudden power outage
during the usage of an SSD
iData Guard
Product Design & SERVICE
Unstable
Power Supply
Defense
Harsh
Environment
In-vehicle
Data
Protection
IPC
Automation
16. Thermal Sensor
Thermal
Sensor
Prevention of Failure due to overheating.
During extreme temperature, firmware can
adjust the data transfer behavior to maintain
the SSD’s reliable operation.
Thermal Sensor
Product Design & SERVICE
High Temp.
Environment
Defense
Extreme
Environment
In-vehicle
Stable
Operation
IPC
Automaion
Vehicle Mounted
Computers
Defense/Tank Outdoor FacilityHigh Temp.
Environment
17. Product Design & SERVICE Pin 7
SATA Pin 7 VCC
• An optional design to provide power supply through
the 7th Pin of SATA connector
• Standard SATA connector
Same concept as “Power over Ethernet!”
Pin 7 VCC
Intel Mini PC - NUC Board DE3815TYBE
High-Shock
Environment
Defense
Shock-
resistant
In-vehicle
Reliability
Max. use of
space
18. Data Security
Destroy
Implements an ultimate data erase of the SSD.
Once Destroy is triggered, in addition to all the user
data and SSD information, also SSD FW will also be
erased and unrecoverable. Destroy
Product Design & SERVICE
Security Erase
Security Erase
Designed for emergency data erase to comply
with some standards. All data block in flash
chips will be erased by sending flash erase
command.
Defense
Confidential
Data
Aerospace
Gov. Data
Bank
Government
20. Function Standard Description
QEraser Quick Erase Erase user data/ MBR/ FAT table
SEraser
DoD 5220.22-M Erase, overwrite with a single character, and then erase again.
USA-AF AFSSI 5020 Erase, and overwrite with random data.
USA Navy NAVSO P-5239-26 Erase, overwrite with random data, and then erase again.
NSA Manual 130-2
Erase, overwrite with random data twice, and then erase and
overwrite with one character.
USA-Army 380-19
Erase and overwrite with random data, erase and overwrite with one
character, and then erase and overwrite with complement of the
character.
NISPOMSUP Chap 8, Sect. 8-
501
Overwrite all locations with one character, its complement, and then
random data.
NSA Manual 9-12 Erase, and overwrite with random data.
IRIG 106
Erase, overwrite with one character, erase and overwrite with one
character and the erase. Write one character to all bad blocks and
erase till it’s erased all.
Destroy Innodisk Destroy Ultra speed erase user data/ MBR/ FAT table/ Firmware.
Write Protect Hardware/Software Write Protect
Once the SSD is triggered write protect, the SSD's status will be read
only.
20
Security StandardProduct Design & SERVICE
21. 1. Triggering the QEraser with a jumper on the host or device or give a order through the ATA command.
2. The QEraser function access the flash chip in the drive and erase the data.
InnoRobust
Core Processor
Micro ProcessorInterface
Host Button
Host Platform
ATA Command
Product Design, SERVICE, Business Model Quick EraseProduct Design & SERVICE
22. 1. Triggering the SEraser with a jumper on the device or give a order through the ATA command.
2. The SEraser function access the flash chip in the drive and erase the data.
InnoRobust
Core
Processor
Micro ProcessorInterface
Host Button
…Confidential Message
…Confidential Message
…Confidential Message
…Confidential Message
…Confidential Message
…Confidential Message
…Confidential Message
…Confidential Message
$%&uidjfl7ieqjro!@k
$%&uidjfl7ieqjro!@k
$%&uidjfl7ieqjro!@k
$%&uidjfl7ieqjro!@k
$%&uidjfl7ieqjro!@k
$%&uidjfl7ieqjro!@k
$%&uidjfl7ieqjro!@k
$%&uidjfl7ieqjro!@k
FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF
FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF
FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF
FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF
FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF
FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF
FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF
FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF
Host Platform
ATA Command
Product Design, SERVICE, Business Model Security EraseProduct Design & SERVICE
23. 1. Triggering the Destroy function with a jumper on the device or give a order through the ATA command
2. Device would totally extirpated, which is unrecoverable.
InnoRobust
Core
Processor
Micro ProcessorInterface
Host Button
…Confidential Message
…Confidential Message
…Confidential Message
…Confidential Message
…Confidential Message
…Confidential Message
…Confidential Message
…Confidential Message
$%&uidjfl7ieqjro!@k
$%&uidjfl7ieqjro!@k
$%&uidjfl7ieqjro!@k
$%&uidjfl7ieqjro!@k
$%&uidjfl7ieqjro!@k
$%&uidjfl7ieqjro!@k
$%&uidjfl7ieqjro!@k
$%&uidjfl7ieqjro!@k
FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF
FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF
FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF
FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF
FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF
FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF
FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF
FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF
Host Platform InnoRobust SSD
ATA Command
DestroyProduct Design & SERVICE
26. “A technology that is able to increase the device’s
lifespan but also keeps cost sweet !”
iSLC Technology
iSLC
iSLC
Product Design & SERVICE
27. iSLC Technology
Item
SLC
Single Level Cell
iSLC
inno SLC
MLC
Multi Level Cell
Architecture
Read/Write
Speed Fastest Faster Slow
Power
Consumption Lower High High
Endurance
(Program/Erase
Cycle)
Best Better Bad
Cost SLC > iSLC > MLC
Product Design & SERVICE
28. • Cost between SLC and MLC
• Lifespan: up to 10 times better than MLC
• Performance & user experience are similar to SLC
“A technology that is able to increase the device’s
lifespan but also keeps cost sweet !”
iSLC Technology
iSLC
iSLC
Good
Performance
Better
Endurance
Product Design & SERVICE
29. Self-
Monitoring,
Analysis and
Reporting
Technology
iSMART
A powerful, easy to use monitoring tool for
SSD and HDD.
iSMART Tool
Disk
Health
Lifespan
Device
information
Temperature Wear leveling
Performance
Test
Write protect
Switch
Alert function
Power
saving
Manageability
Product Design & SERVICE
31. Transfer mode
Partition
Disk format
Image pre-load
Vendor unique
Even more……
Customized PCB
Special soldering pad
Customized connector
Customized housing
Customized erase CMD
Even more……
Tailor made H/W & F/W
CustomizationProduct Design & SERVICE
32. 32
Without coating With coating
Conformal CoatingProduct Design & SERVICE
Outdoor System
In-vehicle System
Factory Automation
Defense & Aerospace
Protect against:
• Moisture
• Dust
• Chemical
• Acid-Material
• Alkaline-Material
34. • Customization for specific SPEC/Application
• Fixed BOM (Bill of material)
• Strong and efficient support team
• Original IC only
• Variety of models
• Product Longevity support
• Formal PCN/ EOL notice in advance
• Document revision control
Business Model
How can we be outstanding?
Product Design & SERVICE
35. Flash & DRAM
SATA
PCIe
PATA USB
SD
nanoSSD
SELECTION
DRAM
Wide Temp.
Low Profile
Rugged and
More….
DDR1
DDR2
DDR3
DDR4
36. Aerospace & DefenseSelection For You
Aerospace & Defense
Conformal
Coating
Strict
Specification
2.5” SSD
3SR-P/3MR-P
2.5” SSD
3MG2-P
1.8” SSD
3SR-P/3MR-P
Golden Finger 30u”
Operating Temp -40℃ ~ +85℃
Wide Temp. DRAM
37. In-VehicleSelection For You
In-vehicle
iCell
iData Guard
Thermal Sensor
Security Function
Removable
WP switch
3MR-P iCF 1ME3MG-P
L2 architecture
iCell
iData Guard
Thermal Sensor
Golden Finger 30u”
Operating Temp -40℃ ~ +85℃
Wide Temp. DRAM
38. 38
Selection For You Vehicle-Grade Power Certifications
• ISO TS16949
Automotive International Quality Management Standard
• ISO 7637-2
Power lead immunity
Coupled immunity
Good morning everyone. Thanks for coming here and attending this seminar.
My name is Elain, I am account manager of innodisk, responsible for India Region.
The video we just saw is about innodisk.
We are storage provider of embedded flash and industrial DRAM in Taiwan.
Whether you are first time to know about us or you are using our product already.
Hope you have a clearer image regarding innodisk through this video. Who we are and what we do.
Today, I will introduce how SSDs benefit YOU by unique technologies and service.
First, I will introduce innodisk, let you know more about us.
Then I will mention about the following:
Why SSD? Show you its advantages.
Introduce some our key product design and service.
And last what selection do you have.
Let us start.
Innodisk was established on 2005 by our chairman, Mr. Richard Lee.
He owns many patented technologies and he was given a title of Mr. Flash in the industrial embedded field.
Innodisk is a storage provider with a focus on the enterprise, industrial, aerospace and defense industries.
We are a global company, HQ is located on Taiwan and we have branch offices in The US, Japan, China and Europe.
Our company keeps growing up. The Revenue of 2014 is around $118 million dollars.
We have 382 employees in the global. 10% is R&D team, they keep developing product and technology.
Now we already have 52 patents in the global.
We have the following Certifications and factory is located on Taiwan, you can trust our product quality.
Production capacity can reach 600K/unit per month.
Our Global Branch location
JP, China, Europe and the US
In order to provide much timely service and local support, not only sales person, we also have technical person in every branch.
We provide completed storage solution, including Embedded Flash Storage and Industrial DRAM.
We also provide the Embedded Peripheral product to break the limitation and extend more possibility of limited port on motherboard.
Rahul will introduce EP Product in another topic later.
What innodisk committed?
Our products are truly designed for IPC and Embedded field.
We have in-house R&D team and our Factory is located on Taiwan.
In order to provide high quality product, testing pattern is very different from consumer product.
And our product has to pass many tests before shipping, such as burn-in test for 8 hours to ensure the product quality.
Next, Let us cut to our topic. How SSD benefit you by unique technologies and service.
Maybe you are not using SSD or the first time to know innodisk but never mind!
I will show you SSD’s advantages and our own technologies today.
Why SSD? Not Traditional Hard Disk? Because…
*It has Multiple-Form Factor:
Such as 2.5inch SSD and to space-saving, it has many small form factor modules like mSATA, SATADOM as well.
And maybe you don’t need to use so high capacity storage; it can give you much more storage selections.
*It is anti-vibration, very Rugged and Reliable.
We know Hard Disk is very weak in vibration surroundings.
*Data Process speed is faster. Performance is much better Hard Disk.
*It is Low-Power Consumption, it doesn’t need to rotate the platters like as Hard disk.
*It is Customizable.
Next, Let us see that trend of SSD interface. Interface is from PATA to SATA then PCIe.
Current main trend for Industrial /Embedded system Field still is SATA and PATA.
SKYLAKE is the developing processor with new microarchitecture of Intel. It can support much more channel for PCIe.
We may estimate that PCIe will be a more popular interface in the future.
SSD can be used in diverse application.
From this pyramid, we can see that to different application, they have different request and concern.
Our customer application can be divided roughly into 3 parts.
(按)For cloud storage application, data traffic is huge, they will need good performance and reliability to operate and store the data.
(按)For Embedded & Industrial application, they may require customization service, BOM control or firmware support and so on.
And we have R&D team can support on this.
(按)For Niche market, like A&D, their data is very confidential and device usually works on harsh environment, so they will more care about the data security and endurance.
Our team dedicate to these field many years, we know your concern.
You are looking for the product with the following
Maybe you need more…
So, to your concern, we have some preparation and solution.
The following are our own technologies, designed by our team.
(按)For Data Protection, we have iCell & iData Guard can prevent data loss from power failure.
(按)For Stability, we have thermal sensor to avoid the failure due to overheating, ensure stable data transfer.
(按)Our Innovation, iSLC technology increases Data Transfer Speed and Endurance.
(按)To higher Reliability, we have PIN7 patented design for SATADOM.
(按)For Data Security, we have erase and destroy function to protect confidential data.
Next, I will introduce more about above design.
During the harsh environment, there power supply may not stable.
For example, defense application, system may be set in remote region
Or in-vehicle system power supply may not stable sometimes.
Once power failure occurs, device doesn’t have enough power to operate the data then data may be lost.
So, most users are afraid of sudden abnormal power failure.
And These 2 technologies, iData Guard & iCell can prevent this issue, Raise reliability.
First, iCell.
This is iCell. (按) We build iCell in our 2.5”SSD series.
iCell is capacitor, a kind of battery to keep power supply.
This technology is able to provide power after host power off.
Before power outage, (按) iCell ensure all data in DRAM buffer can be written done into Flash, no data will be lost.
(按)you can see the power outage status of SSD from these two pictures, with iCell and without iCell.
(按)During this period, around 60 milliseconds. iCell will ensure the all data in DRAM buffer can be written into flash.
So if your device has iCell this design, it can higher your data protection, reduce the risk of data loss.
Besides iCell, in order to avoid data loss during power failure, we have iData Guard this design as well.
We build a low power detector in SSD, it will auto detect the power if in normal range.
Once detect low power event occurs, controller will reject any new command from the host and will ensure SSD has enough power for the last operation.
When the next power on, firmware start remapping the table ensures data integrity.
Our all product have this design.
We know, if device temperature is too high, it may have operation issue and then fail.
So, thermal sensor this design is to prevent the failure due to overheating.
It is a good design for the system usually operates under extreme environment.
Such as outdoor system, defense system or in-vehicle system and so on.
During harsh environment, it can detect temperature and firmware will adjust the data transfer behavior to maintain the SSD operation, Raise the stability.
We build thermal sensor into our all Wide temp series product.
PIN7 this technology is used in our SATADOM and it is a patented design of innodisk.
It can be the replaced solutions for power cable.
And user can maximize the use of space of their systems.
If the motherboard owns this design, the Host can supply the power through the 7th pin of SATA connector directly.
Raise the Reliability of the system and avoid possible interference from the power cable.
It will very suitable for small-size machine or in-vehicle system on high-shock environment.
This technology has been designed into Intel Romley server platform since 2012 and they only recommend innodisk SATADOM with their platform.
(按)And current Intel NUC series have this PIN7 design as well.
Next is about Data security function.
Such as Government data center, aerospace / Defense related system application,
they have lots of important data in the device, cannot disclose to anyone.
In order to protect some confidential data, during emergency moment, Security Erase and Destroy will be important function of the SSD.
(按)Our Robust series SSD is designed for Defense application, support Erase, destroy and write protection.
Trigger these functions through hardware design jumper (按) or ATA command. (按)
This chart shows many type security function standards.
If you have special requirement of erase mode, we can assist you to customize one.
Next, Let us see more about the security functions.
One of erase function, it is for emergency data erase in few seconds.
If you have no time to delete the data, you can execute this function directly.
(按)As soon as the host executes this function, all data will be erased in few seconds.
(The spent time is based on the SSD’s capacity. 128GB data can be erased within 7 seconds.)
(按)Will Erase the all data and then rewrite the data with random data or letter “F”.
It is compliant with military standard.
Destroy is the high-end security function.
This function will remove all user data, Firmware, FAT table, will be unrecoverable.
Device becomes useless.
Even though, third party got your device, they are not able to acquire any data from it. No data will be disclosed.
Physical Destroy. It is a special customization.
Generally, if system voltage is over around 13 Volt, component will be damaged.
Therefore, this case is that through high voltage supply (按) from the host to destroy the device.
Input high voltage to every Flash and then it will be burned out, device cannot be recovered anymore.
You can see the spark from the flash on the photo.
Above Security functions is to protect your important information, no one can get it.
Except some SSD we have HW design jumper to execute the write protection.
The rest products, we also can through hardware switch or particular firmware to control the Write Protection prevents anyone from modifying the data.
For example, gaming machine, digital signage, kiosk will need read-only sometimes.
Next is about our innovation iSLC technology.
It is able to increase the device’s lifespan but also keep price sweet.
Let us see its position in where.
This is comparison table of 3 Flash types. SLC, iSLC and MLC
From this chart, you can see that
SLC Performance, Endurance is the best and it is low power consumption.
If your application is with heavy writing behavior, we will suggest SLC to you.
MLC has lower cost, but its performance & endurance is not good as SLC.
If your application may be with little heavy writing behavior,…
iSLC series product will be the best budget-friendly solution for you.
(按)Performance is similar with SLC.
(按)Endurance is 7 times better than the MLC. (20K)
So, iSLC is a good alternative solution between SLC and MLC.
Besides the technical design we mentioned in above.
For manageability, we have a tool called iSMART.
Assist user to track the disk information and observe the health status of storage.
For example, with this tool, engineer can monitor and manage the disk usage exactly when to replace the disk, before the end of its cycles.
We have confidence in our product quality, so we show you the details of device.
(Support Linux and Windows Embedded two OS version.)
(按)iSMART tool can monitor 8 device at one time.
(按)You can see the general disk info like Model Name, FW and Temperature, power-on count/hour, bad block from this page.
(按)Temperature Trend,
(按)Lifespan (It is a calculation based on user behavior and Storage health status)
Users can clearly see the lifespan status and when if SSD needs replacement.
Wear leveling status, many vendor say their product support wear leveling but no one show, only innodisk show the status to you.
(按)simple and real time performance test
(按)set an alert for device, if there have any abnormal index occurs, for example temperature over 70”C.
it will send email to you immediately then you can check/fix the problem timely.
And you can Export system info, it will be helpful to know some details right away.
Moreover,
We have strong in-house R&D team provide customization service from hardware to firmware.
If you have any request, welcome to discuss with us. We will try our best to fulfill your request.
And we also provide Conformal coating customization service.
It is compliant with MIL standards.
Why need conformal coating? Because…
There have many factors such as moisture, dust, some acid- or alkaline material during the environment will damage the module, and have bad impact on SSD’S operation.
So, if system is used in outdoors, chemical factory or defense application, product with conformal coating can raise the reliability.
And to get closer with customer’s request and each vertical market, we keep developing product and improving the design.
We also can provide customized products to meet your special requirement.
How can we be outstanding?
Our business model is very different from general consumer product market.
We provide customization service.
Fixed BOM: would not change the component freely.
If customer encounters any problem, our support team will assist to find out the root-cause and resolve it.
We use original IC only on our product. No down-grade IC, Quality is not good.
We offer various product series for your selection.
And longevity support, if we have to change the design/discontinue the product due to some unavoidable reason; we will issue formal PCN or EOL in advance.
We talked much about our technologies and service so far. So what solution do you have?
We offer full type storage, including Flash & DRAM. We can offer the storage solution to every port on the motherboard.
For Flash part, Interface is with PCIe, PATA, SATA, USB, SD.
Factor is from 1.8”/2.5” to small form factor like SATADOM, CF and SD card.
And DRAM Part, we have SODIMM or UDIMM from DDR1 to DDR4, offer low profile, wide temp, and rugged series and so on.
To vertical market, Defense and in-vehicle application, we have some featured product series.
For Defense this vertical market,
(按)We have Robust series
It is very rugged and reliable and it is complaint with military standard and meets the strict specifications, such as vibration, shock, thermal test and so on.
Support iCell, iData Guard, security function to protect the data and thermal sensor to prevent the failure due to overheating.
(按)3MG2-P is with our special FW architecture can provide high IOPS and it can offer till 1TB capacity to meet your huge data storage requirement.
Such as for Radar application.
(按)We also have wide temp and rugged series DRAM can fulfill your application.
Our Wide temp DRAM is with 30u golden finger to ensure memory maintains high-quality signal transfer.
For in-vehicle market, (按)
Generally device will operate under the high shock, vibration or high temperature environment.
Our 3MR-P series is rugged and compliant with military standard and support iCell, iData Guard technologies, security function to protect the data.
And 3MG-P can provides high IOPS
or you can choose removable storage, CF card.
These 3 models have E-Mark certification.
E-mark is a seal of the European Communities. It is to ensure the driving safety and environmental protection.
(按)And wide temp DRAM is with 30u golden finger to ensure high-quality signal transfer.
You can trust all of our product quality to your application.
Our whole company and factory were approved by SGS and got the TS16949 certification.
It shows a global unified quality management to automotive industry supplier.
And our products are compliant with ISO standard and pass some tests for vehicle-grade by third-party monitor.
From these certificates and tests, it can show our product is reliable.
Our design, our company is compliant to the requirement for different territories and regions.
Now, let me give the Summary of above contents.
SSDs are the trend and will dominate the storage market and make your system more powerful.
The important thing for product is not only Price and Performance, but also Product Design and Quality.
We not only dedicate to industrial embedded field but also focus on Defense, in-vehicle vertical market, provide Specific features for the application.
iSLC is an alternative solution between SLC and MLC. Good performance, longer lifespan with friendly price.
What we want to deliver not only Product, but also Services.
Is there any questions about above contents?
That is end of my presentation. Thanks for your listening & attention.