Introduction to engineering graphics

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Engineering Graphics (EG)
Or
Engineering Drawing (ED)

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“A drawing is worth of 1000 words”
Introduction

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“A neat diagram is worth pages of explanation”
Introduction – Contd.

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 An engineering drawing is a type of technical
drawing, used to fully and clearly define
requirements for engineered items, and is
usually created in accordance with standardized
conventions for layout, nomenclature,
interpretation, appearance size, etc.
Introduction – Contd.

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 The end goal of an engineering drawing is to
convey all the required information that will
allow a manufacturer to produce that
component.
 An engineering drawing is not an illustration, it
is a specification of the size and shape of a part
or assembly.
Introduction – Contd.

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“Engineering drawing is the universal language of engineers”
 An engineer visualize the object from engineering graphics and
then communicates his/her ideas and designs to others in
pictorial form.
 Reading, understanding and interpreting an engineering drawing
requires
 a lot of imagination skill
 ability of visualization of the actual object.
 Therefore, an engineer mush have perfect knowledge and
communication skill in engineering drawing.
Introduction – Contd.

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 Plane geometry – representation of geometrical objects having two
dimensions (2D objects), on a 2D drawing sheet.
 Two dimensions may be:
 length and breadth
 length and height
 breadth and height
Classification

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 Solid geometry – representation of geometrical objects of three dimensions
(3D objects), i.e. length, breadth and width on a 2D drawing sheet.
Classification – Contd.

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 A drawing can be done using
 Freehand
 Instruments
 Computer methods
Composition & Drawing Methods
Example

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 Freehand drawing – the lines are sketched without using any drawing
instruments other than pencil and eraser.
Drawing Methods – Contd.
Example

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 Instrument drawing – drawing instruments are used to draw straight lines,
circles and curves concisely and accurately. Thus, the drawings are usually
made to scale.
Drawing Methods – Contd.

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 Computer drawing – drawings are usually made by commercial drawing
software like AutoCAD, solidworks, etc.
Drawing Methods – Contd.
Example

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 EG or ED is a core subject for all the branches of engineering.
 Mechanical and Production Engineering.
 Machine components
 Transmission systems
 CNT machine tools
 Robotics, etc
Applications

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 Civil and Architectural Engineering
 Structures, Plan (top view) and elevation (front view) of buildings
 Multi-storied complex
 Bridges, dams, stadium, etc.
 Town planning, mapping, etc.
Applications – Contd.

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 Automobile Engineering
 Engines
 Kinematics
 Steering
 Hydraulic circuits, etc.
Applications – Contd.

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 Aeronautical Engineering
 Spacecraft
 Jet propulsion
 Flight simulator
 Lofting, etc.
Applications – Contd.

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 Electrical Engineering
 Circuit layouts
 Electrical wiring diagram
 Panel design
 Sensors
 Measuring instruments
 Control schematics, etc
Applications – Contd.

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 Electronics and Computer Science Engineering
 Printed Board Circuits (PCB)
 Microprocessors
 Integrated Circuits, etc.
Applications – Contd.

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 Communication Engineering
 Communication network
 Satellite transmitting pictures, etc
 Instrumentation Engineering.
 Sensors
 Measuring instruments, etc.
Applications – Contd.

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 Computer Aided Drafting is faster and accurate.
 But not a replacement of traditional manual drafting method as a
learning tool.
 Remember, CAD is only a drafting tool.
 Basic concepts of construction of 2D or 3D drawings remain same
regardless of the drawing tools (traditional tools or CAD) to create
graphics.
 First, it is ideal to grasp the fundamentals of engineering drawing,
acquire sufficient practice on the drawing board and then start
using computers.
Computer Aided Drafting (CAD)