The document outlines a school safety plan with a focus on disaster management. It discusses establishing a national school safety program to promote disaster preparedness culture in schools. The plan involves hazard and vulnerability assessments, preparedness through resource inventory and mock drills, establishing response protocols, and ongoing mitigation efforts like safety audits and evacuation planning. The overall goal is to reduce disaster risks and create a safe learning environment for students.

1. School Safety Plan-II
A Prepared School is a Safe School.

2. AGENDA
 Introduction to Disaster Management
 National School Safety Programme
 Mitigation and Preparedness for
School Safety
 Planning for School Safety

3. National Disaster Management Authority
NDMA: Apex level agency for disaster
management in the country.
Roles and responsibilities
1. All kinds of disasters (except drought).
2. Policies for disaster reduction and mitigation.
3. Preparedness at all levels.
4. Response coordination.
5. Relief and Rehab work.
6. Amendment of existing laws, procedures,
instructions.

4. National School Safety Programme
Approved by Govt. Of India:
• Promote a culture of disaster preparedness
in the school.
• Sensitize children & school community.
• Motivate direct participation of key stake
holders.
• Carry out Information, Education &
Communication (IEC) activities in school
• Promote capacity building of officials,
teachers & students

5. FACTS & FIGURES
YEAR PLACE TYPE CASUALTY
(children)
1995 DABWALI FIRE 400
2001 BHUJ EARTHQUAKE 971
2004 KUMBAKONAM FIRE 94
2005 J & K EARTHQUAKE 17000

6. SCHOOL SAFETY in overall DM Planning
• School Safety :
Creation of safe environments for children
starting from home to school & back
»Safety from large scale natural / man
made hazards
• Main Objective is :
DISASTER RISK REDUCTION (DRR)
»Mitigation
»Preparedness
»Disaster management Plan for School

7. Disaster Risk Reduction
Systematic approach to identify, assess and
reduce the risks of a disaster.
It includes:
Risk awareness and assessment including
hazard analysis and vulnerability/ capacity
analysis
Knowledge development including education,
training, research and information

8. Effects of Disaster on Schools
1. Physical Impacts 2. Educational Impacts
• Loss of life/injuries to school
building occupants
• Collapsed / damaged school
building
• Death/ Injury due to Non-structural
hazard
• Increased drop out rates
• Loss of trust in school
• Decrease in educational quality
• Missing educational records
3. Economic Impacts 4. Psychological Impacts
• Damaged school require
reinvestment
• Loss of income makes it difficult for
family to support children continuing
their education
• Increase stress
• Students loose sense of continuity &
their plans for the future are
destroyed

9. Important terms
• Hazard
• Disaster
• Disaster Risk Reduction
• Capacity
• Vulnerability
• Risk
• Preparedness
• Mitigation
• Response

10. 1. Type of Hazards
I. Natural
II. Biological
III. Socio-natural
IV. Technological
2. Type of Disasters
I. Water and Climate related
II. Geologically related
III. Chemical, Industrial & Nuclear
IV. Accident related
V. Biologically related

11. Types of Disaster in India
1. Water & Climate related 2. Geologically related
• Floods and Drainage
Management
• Cyclones, Tornadoes
• Cloud Burst
• Avalanches
• Tsunami
• Droughts
• Sea Erosion
• Heat Wave and Cold wave
• Thunder & Lightening
• Landslides and Mudflows
• Earthquakes
• Dam Failures/ Dam Bursts
3. Chemical, Industrial and Nuclear
related
• Chemical & Industrial Disaster
• Nuclear Disaster
4. Accident related 5. Biologically related
• Forest Fires
• Urban Fires
• Mine Flooding
• Major Building Collapse
• Serial Bomb Blasts
• Epidemics
• Pest Attacks
• Cattle Epidemics
• Food poisoning

12. School Specific Hazards
1. HT electrical wire running through the school
campus
2. Transformer at the school entry
3. A/C units and its ducts
4. Chemical Accident/ explosion in chemistry lab
5. LPG cylinder blast in the Home Science Lab
6. Fire
7. School Bus Accident
8. Unfortunate incident during picnic
9. Diesel leak of E/A and fire due to it.
10. Basement and stairs

13. School Specific Hazards
11. Library
12. Temporary Structures
13. Open Swimming Pool
14. School collapse in earthquake
15. Flood in School
16. Cyclone and lightening in school
17. Gunfire in school
18. Terrorist attack in School
19. Food poisoning in School
• Many more ………………….

14. National School Safety Programme
It consists of the following objectives:
Hazard Risk and Vulnerability
Assessment
 Preparedness
 Response
 Mitigation Measures

15. Hazard Risk and Vulnerability Assessment
1. Non-structural assessment (done by teachers &
students in a group exercise)
2. Structural assessment (done by licensed Building
Supervisor)
3. Identification of hazards outside the school
campus ( Road safety, Industrial Hazard, Chemical
hazard, Open drain flooding etc.)
4. Database of past disasters/ accidents which has
affected the school
5.Identification of vulnerable locations within the
school campus
6. Summary of the key findings & identifications of
action for mitigation.

16. PREPAREDNESS

17. RESOURCE INVENTORY
Listing of resources available inside the
school campus ( School DM Kit )

18. School Map with Evacuation Plan
• Prepare a floor wise evacuation plan
• Display it prominently at notice
board at each floor
• Discuss evacuation plan with
teachers and students to generate
awareness
• Conduct mock drills

19. MOCK DRILLS
• One of the last steps in preparedness
• Mock drill on earthquake, fire etc to be
conducted periodically
• Recommended periodicity is six month
• Assess deficiencies during mock drills
• Invite Fire service Officers and trained Civil
Defence volunteers for support

20. EARTHQUAKE DRILL

21. Preparing for the Unexpected…
DROP COVER HOLD(DCH) in case of Earthquake

22. In Staircase
 Move in Single File
 Keep on Either Side
 Do not Overtake
 Help the Needy

23. Preparing for the Unexpected…
EVACUATION
PLAN
EXECUTION

24. Preparedness for Fire/Chemical Accident
1. Fire
2. Release of toxic gases /
flammable vapours
3. Explosion
Types of emergency situation :

25. Fire/Chemical Accident
Together, they produce the CHEMICAL REACTION that is FIRE
Take away any of these things and the fire willTake away any of these things and the fire will
bebe extinguishedextinguished

26. CLASSIFICATION OF FIRE
Class A (Combustible Solids). Organic Solid material, non
metals carbon compounds such as wood, paper,
cloth, etc.
Class B Flammable liquids—gasoline, oil, grease, acetone,
Kerosene, Diesel.
Class C (Combustible Gases). Flammable gases in either
vapor or liquefied form, Methane, hydrogen,
acetylene, propane, butane, etc.
Class D Metals—potassium, sodium, aluminum,
magnesium. Requires Metal-X, and other special
extinguishing agents.

27. CLASSIFICATION OF FIRE
ELECTRICITY : It presents a special
hazard in a fire situation.
• Electricity does not burn, it produces heat
which may result in one of the classes of
fire.
• If the electricity is removed (e.g. by
switching off the power), the heat source is
removed and the remaining fire should be
dealt with according to its class.

28. Types of Fire Extinguishers
Different types of fire extinguishers are
designed to fight different classes of fire.
The 3 most common types of fire
extinguishers are:
1. Water (APW)
2. Carbon Dioxide (CO2)
3. Dry Chemical (ABC, BC, DC)

29. Types of Fire Extinguishers
1.
1
Water (APW)
“Air
Pressurize
d Water.”
Class A fires only: Wood, paper, cloth.
Using water on a flammable liquid fire could cause the fire to
spread.
Using water on an electrical fire increases the risk of
electrocution. The electrical equipment should be un-plugged.
2. Carbon
Dioxide (CO2)
CO2’s are designed for Class B and C
(Flammable Liquids and Electrical Sources) fires only!
A CO2 may be ineffective in extinguishing a Class A fire
because it may not be able to displace enough oxygen to
successfully put the fire out.
3 Dry Chemical
(ABC, BC, DC)
Dry chemical extinguishers put out fire by coating the fuel
with a thin layer of dust.
 This separates the fuel from the oxygen in the air.

30. Use a Fire Extinguisher

31. Fire/Chemical Accident Drill
1. Evacuation from classroom
2. Ensure safe storage of inflammable
liquids / chemicals
3. Put off electricity and remove or
close down gas connections

32. How to Use a Fire Extinguisher
Remember the acronym PASS:
 Pull
 Aim
 Squeeze
 Sweep

33. Rules for Fighting Fires
. . . before deciding to fight the fire, keep
these things in mind:
1. Know what is burning. If you don’t know
what’s burning, you won’t know what kind of
extinguisher to use.
2. Even if you have an ABC fire extinguisher,
there may be something in the fire that is
going to explode or produce toxic fumes.

34. Rules for Fighting Fires
3. Is the fire spreading rapidly beyond the point
where it started? The time to use an
extinguisher is at the beginning stages of the
fire.
4. If the fire is already spreading quickly, it is
best to simply evacuate the building.
As you evacuate a building, close doors and
windows behind you as you leave. This will
help to slow the spread of smoke and fire.

35. Rules for Fighting Fires
Do not fight the fire if:
 If you don’t have the correct type or large enough
extinguisher, it is best not to try fighting the fire.
 You might inhale toxic smoke. When synthetic materials
burn, it can produce hydrogen cyanide, acrolein, and
ammonia in addition to carbon monoxide. These gases can
be fatal in very small amounts.
 Your instincts tell you not to. If you are uncomfortable
with the situation for any reason, just let the fire
department do their job.

36. Rules for Fighting Fires
The final rule is to always position yourself with an
exit or means of escape at your back before you
attempt to use an extinguisher to put out a fire.
In case the extinguisher malfunctions, or something
unexpected happens, you need to be able to get
out quickly. You don’t want to get trapped.

37. First Aid and Basic Surviving Skills
Objectives
• Overview
• How injuries can occur
• Prevention
• Preparation
• What to do
• Whom to call for help
• Where to go
• Lessons learnt

38. Type of Sickness & Injuries
• Vomiting
• Thermal injury
• Electrocution
• Drowning
• Road Traffic injury
• Food poisoning
• Epilepsy / strokes
• Heat stroke
• Physical activities
• Snake ,Dog and insect bites
• Terrorist attack

39. First Aid and basic surviving skills
Preparation
• First Aid box (Maintained)
• Regular classes
• Mock drills
• Medical personnel in schools
• Medical Aid at all crowded places
• Transport vehicle
• List of nearby doctors/medical facilities
Whom to call for help
• Friends/colleagues
• Bystanders
• Phone calls
• Medical Aid

40. First Aid and basic surviving skills
What do I do
• Move to safe place
• Loosen tight clothing/belt/shoes/tie
• Do not offer water
• Lay straight
• Side turn if vomiting/ ear, nose, mouth bleeding
Where to go
• Closest and appropriate medical facility
• Hospital/dispensary
• Call guardians/parents

41. First Aid and basic surviving skills
All conditions : address
•A-Airway & Cervical spine
•B- Breathing
•C- Circulation
•D- Disability (for experts)

42. First Aid and basic surviving skills
Cardio-pulmonary
Resuscitation (CPR)
Spine board is a safe transport

43. First Aid And Basic Surviving Skills
Burns
»Cool with Tap water
»Cover with clean sheet/cloth
Wounds/Bites
»Clean with soap water
»Dress with cotton bandage/clean cloth
»Analgesic but with caution
Penetrating injury
»Do not remove the instrument/weapon

44. Capacity Building & Training
1. Capacity building & training of students /
teachers
2. Train appropriate number of students/
teachers every year in various skills of DM
3. Plan refresher courses involving all
4. Prepare details of trained teachers and
students

45. Awareness Generation and Sensitization
• A part of preparedness measures
• Aiming at sensitizing & educating students,
teachers, parents & school officials
• Recommends an annual calendar of events
• Awareness through poster, audio-visual
clips
• Organizing debate, quiz, sports activities,
drawing competition
• Conduct seminars and lectures on making
school safe & involvement of parents in it

46. Response
• Hazard specific response plan including
Crowd Management to avoid stampede on
special days like Annual day. Sports day etc
• Alternate arrangement for continuation of
school education( school used as relief
shelter)
• Reporting of Emergencies/ Disasters to the
Government

47. Response
(cont.)
• Special provision for specially abled
children
• Ensure supply of essential services like
electricity, water, food, basic first aid kits
during a disaster and immediately after it

48. Mitigation
1. Ensuring clear passages, stairway which
are to be used as evacuation routes
2. Chemistry labs- the bottles used for storing
the chemicals are secured and protected
against shattering
3. Fixing of almirahs to the walls
4. Securing fans and lights from ceiling
5. Fir safety measures
6. Notice boards fixed properly

49. Mitigation: Safety Audit
1. Electric safety audit-checking of the
electrical system by an electrician
2. Fire safety audit-checking for possible
sources of fire and identifying inflammable
items within the school
3. Inspection of quality food getting served
during mid-day meal
4. Audit of purity of water supply in school
5. Inspection of the hygienic conditions in
kitchen and washrooms

50. Evacuation Priorities

51. EVACUATION PLAN

54. Thank You
HOPE FOR THE BEST, PREPARE FOR THE WORST