Details Project on Natural Disaster

1. NATURAL DISASTER
By : vinod rathod
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2. INDEX
 WHAT IS DISASTER
 PHASES OF DISASTER
 TYPES OF DISASTER
 NATURAL DISASTER
 VOLCANO
 CYCLONE
 TORANDO
 Floods
 drought
 EARTHQUAKE
 TSUNAMI
 Landslides
 IMPACT OF NATURAL DISASTERS
 Individual Impact
 COMMUNITY IMPACT
 ECONOMIC IMPACT
 ENVIRONMENT IMPACT
 Conculsion
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3. SOURCE
 https://www.sms-tsunami-warning.com
 http://geology.com/articles/tsunami-geology.shtml
 https://www.conserve-energy-future.com
 https://www.conserve-energy-future.com
 http://www.water-quality-management.us/
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4. WHAT IS DISASTER ???
“A disaster can be defined as any occurrence that cause
damage, ecological disruption, loss of human life,
deterioration of health and health services on a scale,
sufficient to warrant an extraordinary response from
outside the affected community or area”.(W.H.O.)
“A disaster can be defined as an occurrence either nature
or manmade that causes human suffering and creates
human needs that victims cannot alleviate without
assistance”.American Red Cross (ARC)
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5. PHASES OF DISASTER
MITIGATION
• Pre-Disaster Mitigation Efforts
PREPAREDNESS
• Education, Outreach and Training
• Business Continuity & Emergency Management Planning
RESPONSE
• Immediate Response to Stakeholders
• Establish Business Recovery Center
RECOVERY
• Post-Disaster Economic Recovery Plan
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6. TYPES OF DISASTER
NATURAL DISASTER
A sudden and terrible event in nature (such as a hurricane, tornado, or
flood) that usually results in serious damage and many deaths.
MAN-MADE DISASTER
Man-made disasters are usually the result of things going wrong in our
complex technological society. They include: blackouts, hazardous material
spills, air pollution, house fires, radiation leaks, food or water
contamination, and industrial chemical releases.
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7. NATURAL DISASTER
 VOLCANO
 CYCLONE
 EARTHQUARKE
 FLOODS
 DROUGHT
 TSUNAMI
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8. VOLCANO
 A volcano is an opening in a
planet’s surface which allows hot
magma to escape from below
the surface.
 The largest volcano known to humans
is Olympus Mons on Mars. Olympus
Mons means Mount Olympus and is
bigger than Mount Everest.
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9. Volcano ejection
 When thick magma and large amounts of gas build up
under the surface, eruptions can be explosive, expelling
lava, rocks and ash into the air. Less gas and more
viscous magma usually mean a less dramatic eruption,
often causing streams of lava to ooze from the vent.
 The mountain-like mounds that we associate with
volcanoes are what remain after the material spewed
during eruptions has collected and hardened around the
vent. This can happen over a period of weeks or many
millions of years.
 A large eruption can be dangerous for people living near
a volcano. Flows of searing lava, which can reach 2,000
degrees Fahrenheit (1,250 degrees Celsius) or more, can
be released, burning everything in their path. Boulders
of hardening lava can rain down on villages. Mud flows
from rapidly melting snow can strip mountains and
valleys bare and bury towns.
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10. CYCLONE
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• Cyclone refers to any spinning
storm that rotates around a low-
pressure center. The low-pressure
center is also referred to as the 'eye'
of the storm, which is well known
for being eerily calm compared
with the areas under the spinning
'arms' of the storm.
• if the storm occurs in the Atlantic
Ocean and Northeast Pacific, it's
called a hurricane.

11. Formation of cyclones
 Even though they form over different areas,
cyclones tend to come about in the same way
and revolve around that low-pressure eye.
Warm air likes to rise, and as it rises, it cools.
Cool air can't hold as much moisture as warm
air, so that water gets squeezed out of the
condensing air and a cloud begins to form. If
the warm air rises very quickly, this creates
an updraft.
 Likewise, if the water in the cloud builds up
enough, it may fall back to the ground as rain
and draw cool air down with it as a downdraft.
When they work together, that warm updraft
and cool downdraft create a storm cell. As this
process continues, the cloud grows and we
eventually get a large thunderstorm cloud.
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12. EARTHQUAKE
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 An earthquake (also known as
a quake, tremor or temblor) is the
shaking of the surface of the Earth,
resulting from the sudden release of
energy in the Earth's lithosphere that
creates seismic waves. Earthquakes
can range in size from those that are
so weak that they cannot be felt to
those violent enough to toss people
around and destroy whole cities.
 Earthquakes often occur in volcanic
regions and are caused there, both
by tectonic faults and the movement
of magma in volcanoes.

13. TORANDO
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 A tornado is a rapidly rotating
column of air that is in contact with
both the surface of the Earth and
a cumulonimbus cloud or, in rare
cases, the base of a cumulus cloud.
 Tornadoes can be very destructive
in nature with their speed ranging
from 110mph to 300mph and can
last to about 1-2 hours or 4 hours,
in extreme cases, and can be as tall
as 75 feet.

14. FLOODS
 The inundation of an area by
water is called a flood. In other
words, when a river over flows its
banks and water spreads in the
surrounding areas is a flood.
 Humans and animals both are
affected by flood. People are
rendered homeless.
 Floods can also occur in rivers
when the flow rate exceeds the
capacity of the river channel,
particularly at bends
or meanders in the waterway.
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15. DROUGHT
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A drought can be defined as a
prolonged period of unusually dry
weather in an area where some rain
might normally be expected.
Droughts involve water shortages,
crop damage, steam flow reduction
and depletion of groundwater and
soil moisture.
Drought is caused by not only lack
of precipitation and high
temperatures but by overuse and
overpopulation

16. TSUNAMI
 A tsunami or tidal wave, also known as a seismic
sea wave, is a series of waves in a water body
caused by the displacement of a large volume
of water, generally in an ocean or a large lake.
 Tsunami waves do not resemble normal
undersea currents or sea waves, because
their wavelength is far longer.
 Tsunamis generally consist of a series of
waves with periods ranging from minutes
to hours, arriving in a so-called "internal wave train".
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17. LANDSLIDES
 The slipping of masses of rocks, earth
or debris downwards on the mountain
slopes or banks of the rivers is called
a landslide. The occurance of landslides in
mountainous areas is increasing day
by day.
 The landslides are a common feature
in Himalaya,Western ghats and in river valleys.
 Landslides are degrading the environment of mountains. Natural beauty is
deminishing slowly and slowly.
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18. Formation of Landslides
 Landslides occur when the downward force of gravity acting on the slope
is greater than the force holding the soil particles together. The downward
force can occur in many different ways. The factors that contribute
whether landslides will occur are the steepness of the slope, the shape of
the slope and the properties of the materials in the slope.
The main way landslides occur is through erosion. Erosion is the process
of rock corroding or being eroded by wind, water, or other natural agents.
Additional moisture is another main cause of landslides. The moisture,
caused by heavy rainfall, adds additional weight to the slope therefore
creating a downward force, which the slope can’t handle. Shocks and
vibrations are also factors that can cause landslides. Earthquakes and
volcanoes are the main causes of shocks and vibration.
 Humans are large contributors to the trigger of landslides. Deforestation is
an example of this. As humans are in demand for clear land, deforestation
occurs. When forests on a slope are logged the soil they hold in place is
dismantled. Therefore weakening the cohesive force of the materials on
the slope. This makes the slope more susceptible to a landslide when
additional water and shock is added
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19. IMPACT OF NATURAL DISASTERS
 Individual Impact
 Community Impact
 Economic Impact
 Environmental Impact
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20. Individual Impact
Can be felt physically, mentally and emotionally
 Destruction of property, loss of financial resources
and personal injury or illness
Develop severe post-traumatic stress disorders or
withdraw into states of depression Lead to significant
population migrations
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21. COMMUNITY IMPACT
Loss of economic resources that recovery becomes
difficult, if not almost impossible
Opportunity in the aftermath of a disaster to
rebuild better and stronger communities than
before
Population, demographic and cultural shifts are
also result of the impact
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22. ECONOMIC IMPACT
Reduced tax revenue
Loss of infrastructure
Expense of reclamation efforts
Loss of normal revenue
Huge sums of federal assistance were necessary to
held jump start recovery efforts
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23. ENVIRONMENT IMPACT
Our ecosystems can be dramatically damaged
Global climate changes
Sea level increases that will completely swamp
some island nations
Edible fish supply decreases
Loss of coral reefs
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24. CONCULSION
NOT ALL NATURAL DISASTERS CAN BE PREVENTED.
EACH NATURAL DISASTER HAS ITS OWN FACTORS
AND COMPLICATIONS. UNDERSTANDING THE
BASIC PRINCIPLES OF ECOLOGY CAN PROVIDE KEYS
TO LESSENING THEIR EFFECTS. NATURE EVOLVED
WITH NATURAL DISASTERS AND DISTURBANCE. THE
BEST PREVENTION IS LOOKING AT STRATEGIES
FOUND IN NATURE.
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25. THANK YOU
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