properties and end uses of 8 different textile fibers.

1. Uneeb Rehman
TS-01

2.  Tenacity: 3-3.5g/dtexThe strength of cotton
fibre is attributed to the good alignment of its
long polymers i.e. its polymer system is about
70% crystalline.
 Strength: increases when wet (it forms
hydrogen bonds), low extension at break 5-7%
 Elasticity – Relatively it is elastic due to its
crystalline polymer system and for this cause
cotton textiles wrinkle and crease readily.
 Absorbency: Cotton fiber is composed primarily of
cellulose, which is very absorbent.

3.  Effects of alkalis – These fibres are resistant to alkalis and are
comparatively unaffected by normal laundering.The resistance is
because of the lack of attraction between the cotton polymers and
alkalis.
 Effect of Acids – Cotton fibres are weakened and destroyed by
acids. Acids hydrolyze the cotton polymer at the glycosidic oxygen
atom which connects the two glucose units to form the cellobiose
unit. Mineral acids being stronger than organic acids will hydrolyse
the cotton polymer more quickly
 Effect of Bleaches –The most common bleaches used on cotton
textile materials are sodium hypochlorite and sodium perborate
 Affinity For Dyes: Cotton has a good affinity for dyes. It is dyed
best with vat dyes.
 Effect Of Light: Cotton fiber oxidizes, turning yellow and lossing
strenght from exposure to sunlight over a protracted period of
time.

5.  Ultimate Jute Length: 1.5 to 4 mm.
 Ultimate Diameter : 0.015 to 0.002 mm.
 Jute Fiber Length: 150 to 300 CM (5 to 12 Feet).
 Jute Colour: Jute fiber can be White,Yellow, Brown or Grey.
 Strength : 3.5 to 5 G/Den.
 Specific Gravity: 1.48
 Moisture Regain : 13.75 % (Standard).
 Elasticity: Breaking Extension 1.8% and Elastic Recovery very low.
 Resiliency: Bad.
 Dimensional Stability: Good on average.
 Jute fibre is 100% bio-degradable and recyclable and thus
environmentally friendly.
 Moisture content value: 12.8% (under standard testing
atmosphere

8.  Effect of sunlight - Silk is more sensitive light
than any other natural fibre. Prolonged exposure
to sunlight can cause partially spotted color
change.Yellowing of silk fibre is generally
occurred due to photo degradation by the action
of UV radiation of sunlight.
 Heat conductivity: like wool, silk is a protein
fibre and is a non-conductor of heat.
 Absorbency: Silk fiber can absorb about 11% of
its weight in moisture but range varies from
10%-30%.
 Luster: high lusterous fiber.

9.  Specific gravity: Degummed silk has a
specific gravity of 1.25.
 Draping quality: silk fibre is flexible enough
and if used to make garments then the fabric
drapes well
 Elongation - Silk fibre has an elongation at
break of 20-25% under normal condition.At
100% R.H. the extension at break is 33%.

10.  Non allergenic – wool is not known to cause allergy
and does not promote the growth of bacteria.With
microscopic scales, wool fibres can trap dust in the
top layers until vacuumed away.
 Durable and elastic – wool fibre can be bent 20,000
times without breaking and still have the power to
recover and return to its natural shape. Quality wool
garments look good for longer.
 Easy care – modern wool can be machine-washed;
retaining a small amount of natural oil, wool fibre
resists dirt and grease.
 Multi-Climatic – wool acclimatizes to its
surroundings.

11.  Effect of Resilience:Wool fibers can be
stretched up to 50 percent of their original
length when wet and 30 percent when dry.
 Effect of Organic Solvent:Wool does not
affect in organic solvents.
 Effects of Insects:Wool affected by insects.
 Effect of bleach: Chlorine bleach is ordinary
harmful to the wool. KMnO4, Na2O2 are
utilized for bleaching.

13.  Variation of luster: nylon has the ability to be very
lustrous, semilustrous or dull.
 Durability: its high tenacity fibers are used for
seatbelts, tire cords, ballistic cloth and other uses.
 High elongation
 Excellent abrasion resistance
 Highly resilient (nylon fabrics are heat-set)
 Paved the way for easy-care garments H
 igh resistance to insects, fungi, animals, as well as
molds, mildew, rot and many chemicals
 Used in carpets and nylon stockings Melts instead of
burning Used in many military applications Good
specific strengthTransparent to infrared light,

15.  Excellent optical clarity.
 Excellent weatherability and resistance to
sunlight.
 Rigid, with good impact strength.
 Excellent dimensional stability
 low mould shrinkage.
 Stretch forming increases bi-axial toughness.

18.  Tensile Strength:
 Linen is a strong fiber.
 Elongation at break: Linen does not stress easily.
 Color:The color of linen fiber is yellowish to grey.
 Length: 18 to 30 inch in length.
 Lusture: It is brighter than cotton fiber and it is slightly
silky.
 Easily washed, retains shape Resistant to moths, oil,
and chemicals Dyeable to bright shades with excellent
fastness Superior resistance to sunlight degradation

20.  Tenacity: dry 3.5-7.0. wet 3.5-7.0
 Elognation at break: dry 15-45%, wet 15-45%
 Moisture regain: 0.4%
 Shrinkage in boiling water: 0-3%
 Crimps per inch: 12-14%
 Dry heat Shrinkage: 5-8 (at 180 C for 20 min)
 Specific gravity: 1.36- 1.41%
 Elastic recovery: 2%-5%
 Melting Point: 260-270 degrees
 Effect of Sunlight: turns yellow, retains 70-80%
tenacity at long exposure
 Weight: 1.22-1.38 g/cm3