2. Microsoft Office Excel is a powerful tool used to
create and format spreadsheets. Spreadsheets
allow information to be organized in rows and
tables and analyzed with automatic
mathematics. Spreadsheets are commonly be
used to perform many different types of
calculations.
3. -:when you open Excel, a new file is created
called Book 1 (until you name it differently). It is called “Book” because it is a
Workbook that is initially made up of three Worksheets (accessible from the
tabs in the lower left corner of your excel window - see Fig. 1). Think of a three
ring binder with three sheets of paper in it. As with a binder, you can:
Insert > Worksheet, or click on the
new worksheet tab to the right of the tabs for your existing worksheets
4. Delete worksheets :by right-clicking on the tab of the worksheet you wish to
delete, then selecting “delete”
Re-arrange them :by clicking on the worksheet tab and dragging it to the
location you desire
Rename worksheets• : by double-clicking on the worksheet title
Cell- cells are the basic rectangular building blocks of a spreadsheet. They are
assigned an address, generally referred to as a cell reference, according to their
column and row (e.g. the cell in column B at row 3 is referenced as cell B3).
5. ROWS- Rows travel horizontally and are numbered.
Column – columns travel vertically and are assigned letters.
Formula – a mathematical formula used to calculate a result based on data
from one or more other cells. Often they consist of some combination of the
standard mathematical operators ( +, -, *, /) (e.g.: =(A1+A5)/B13), but they
may also include functions (see below). When you type a formula into a cell,
that cell will generally display the result obtained by the formula, rather than
the formula itself.
Functions – pre-written formulae that perform common (and not so
common) calculations, such as summation and averaging. You can combine
many functions and operators in a single formula to obtain more complex
results (e.g.: =SUM(A1:A13)).
7. Just click on the cell and type away! You can also copy text or data from another
source (a word document, another cell, etc.). Just right-click on the cell and
select “Paste.” If you are working on a Mac (or for whatever reason cannot right-
click), go to the “Home” tab on the ribbon and select “Paste.”
Click on the cell
with the data
you want to
edit
Then edit the
data in the
formula bar
8.
9. Pastes the contents of the clipboard in the cursor’s current location
Places the currently selected item on the clipboard, it will be removed from its
current location once it is pasted in a new location
Copies the currently selected item to the clipboard
Copies the formatting of the currently selected item to apply to the next
selected item
Shows the clipboard and other options
Description
10. Font
Font size
Increase font size
Decrease font size
Bold
Italics
Underline (the arrow will give you line options)
Apply the last used border (the arrow will give you border options)
Apply the last used cell color (the arrow will give you color options)
Apply the last used font color (the arrow will give you color options)
More font options
11. Align cell contents to top, middle, or bottom
Change the angle of the text in the cell
Align cell contents to left, center, or right
Increase or decrease indent
Make all cell contents visible by wrapping to multiple lines
Merges selected cells into one cell and centers the contents (the arrow
provides more options)
More alignment options
12. Number format (i.e. currency, percentage, date)
Accounting number format currency (alternate currencies are available
using the arrow)
Display cell contents as a percentage
Display the cell value with a thousand’s separating comma
Increase or decrease the number of decimal places
More number options
13. Automatically format cells based on the cell
contents
Format the selected cells as a table
Format cells by using pre-defined styles
Insert cell, row, or column
Delete cell, row, or column
Various cell, row, or column formatting
options
14. Autosum (the arrow provides other common
formulas)
Fill
Clear
Arrange and view data by sorting or filtering
Find text, formatting, or type of information
15. Insert pivot table or pivot chart
Insert table
Insert a picture from a file
Insert Microsoft clip art
16. Insert shapes or drawing canvas
Insert a Smart Art diagram
Insert a column chart
Insert a line chart
Insert a pie chart
Insert a bar chart
17. Insert an area chart
Insert a scatter chart
Insert another type of chart
Insert a hyperlink to a website
Insert a text box
18. Keyboard Shotcut
New file Ctrl + N
Open file Ctrl + O
Save file Ctrl + S
Move between open workbooks Ctrl + F6
Close file Ctrl + F4
Save as F12
Display the print menu Ctrl + P
Select whole spreadsheet Ctrl + A
Select column Ctrl + Space
Select row Shift + Space
Undo last action Ctrl + Z
Redo last action Ctrl + Y
Start a formula Equals Sign (eg. SUM(A1+A2)
Exit Excel 97 Alt + F4
19. Move to next cell in row Tab
Move to previous cell in row Shift + Tab
Up one screen Page Up
Down one screen Page Down
Move to next worksheet Ctrl + Page Down
Move to previous worksheet Ctrl + Page Up
Go to first cell in data region Ctrl + Home
Go to last cell in data region Ctrl + End
Bold toggle for selection Ctrl + B
Italic toggle for selection Ctrl + I
Underline toggle for selection Ctrl + U
Strikethrough for selection Ctrl + 5
Change the font Ctrl + Shift + F
Change the font size Ctrl + Shift + P
Apply outline borders Ctrl + Shift + 7
Remove all borders Ctrl + Shift + Underline
Wrap text in same cell Alt + Enter
20. Format cells Ctrl + 1
Select font Ctrl + Shift + F
Select point size Ctrl + Shift + P
Format as currency Ctrl + Shift + 4
Format as general (to remove any formatting) Ctrl + Shift + # (hash sign)
Format as percentage Ctrl + Shift + 5
Format as number Ctrl + Shift + 1
Delete one character to right Delete
Delete one character to left Backspace
Edit active cell F2
Cancel cell entry Escape Key
Select entire worksheet Ctrl + A
Select entire row Shift + Spacebar
Select entire column Ctrl + Spacebar
Manual select Hold Shift + with Left, Right, Up, Down Arrow
Key
21. Cut Ctrl + X
Copy Ctrl + C
Paste Ctrl + V
Autosum a range of cells Alt + Equals Sign
Insert the date Ctrl + ; (semi-colon)
Insert the time Ctrl + Shift + ; (semi-colon)
Insert columns/rows Ctrl + Shift + + (plus sign)
Insert a new worksheet Shift + F11
Find text Ctrl + F
Replace text dialog Ctrl + H
Create a chart automatically
on new sheet F11
Edit a cell comment Shift + F2
22. Select the cell that the formula result is going to be displayed in. The formula
can be constructed in the formula bar or typed directly into the cell in which you
want the formula to begin. You must always put the = sign before a formula, as
this is how Excel recognizes what you are entering as a formula. Autofill helps
you fill in formulae quickly once you have constructed one in a cell. In order to
Autofill, select the cell with the formula. Place your cursor so the small black
cross appears in the lower right corner of the cell (+). Once that cursor is visible,
simply drag your formula down the column (or across the row as the case may
be). Autofill will change the cell references accordingly. (E.g.: If the formula in A3
is =A1+A2, when you drag that formula over to B3 then the formula becomes
=B1+B2.)
Note that cell references can also change automatically when you copy and
paste a formula using the clipboard, unless you use an absolute cell reference
(see below).
Formulas
23. Autosum
The AutoSum button allows you to quickly insert the SUM function. It is located in two
places on the ribbon: on the right end of the “Home” tab in the editing section, and on
the far left of the “Formula” tab. Select the cell where you want to put the total and then
click on the AutoSum button. Excel will insert the SUM function and take a guess as to
what cell range you’d like to sum by listing the first and last cell in the sum, separated by
a colon. Check to make sure the cell range is correct, then press enter to accept the
function.
Functions
Excel has created hundreds of functions that prevent you from having to
write out complex or repetitive formulae yourself. Functions can be inserted
by by clicking on the function symbol (see fig. 8) to the left of the formula bar
(see fig. 9). Functions can also be inserted by clicking on the “Insert Function”
button on the “Formula” tab or jumping to any of the subcategories of
functions on that tab
25. You can use Name Manager to name a group of cells, and
therefore only type one name when you want to perform a
calculation with that group. This can be useful when you are
performing many different calculations on the same set of
numbers, especially when you want to perform these
calculations across multiple sheets. To do this, select the cells
you would like to name and name them in the “name box”
next to the formula bar
Name Manager
A full discussion of Excel’s many charting options is beyond the scope of this handout.
However, it is fairly straightforward to create a simple chart (and some complicated ones)
using the chart wizard. Just highlight the data you wish to base your chart on (including
header rows, if you have any) and click on the Insert tab and you will see the available
charts there. When you click on a type of chart, you will be promted to select a subtype
of chart. Once you have done so, the chart will appear on your spreadsheet. Three
additional tabs will also appear on your ribbon
Charts
26. Cell References
Cell references in Excel are very important. Understand the difference between
relative, absolute and mixed reference, and you are on your way to success.
Relative Reference
By default, Excel uses relative reference. See the formula in cell D2 below. Cell D2
references (points to) cell B2 and cell C2. Both references are relative.
27. 1. Select cell D2, click on the lower right corner of cell D2 and drag it down to cell D5.
Cell D3 references cell B3 and cell C3. Cell D4 references cell B4 and
cell C4. Cell D5 references cell B5 and cell C5. In other words: each cell
references its two neighbors on the left.
28. Absolute Reference
1. To create an absolute reference to cell H3, place a $ symbol in front of the
column letter and row number of cell H3 ($H$3) in the formula of cell E3.
2. Now we can quickly drag this formula to the other cells.
29. The reference to cell H3 is fixed (when we drag the formula down and
across). As a result, the correct lengths and widths in inches are calculated.
30. Mixed Reference
Sometimes we need a combination of relative and absolute reference (mixed
reference).
1. See the formula in cell F2 below.
31. 2. We want to copy this formula to the other cells quickly. Drag cell F2 across
one cell, and look at the formula in cell G2.
33. Now we can quickly drag this formula to the other
cells.
34. Overview of formulas in Excel
If you're new to Excel, you'll soon find that it's more than
just a grid in which you enter numbers in columns or rows.
Sure, you can use Excel to find totals for a column or row of
numbers, but you can also calculate a mortgage payment,
solve math or engineering problems, or find a best case
scenario based on variable numbers that you plug in.
Excel does this by using formulas in cells. A formula
performs calculations or other actions on the data in your
worksheet. A formula always starts with an equal sign (=),
which can be followed by numbers, math operators (like a +
or - sign for addition or subtraction), and built-in Excel
functions, which can really expand the power of a formula.
35. For example, the following formula multiplies 2 by 3 and then adds
5 to that result to come up with the answer, 11.
=2*3+5
Here are some additional examples of formulas that you can enter
in a worksheet.
=A1+A2+A3 Adds the values in cells A1, A2, and A3.
=SUM(A1:A10) Uses the SUM function to return sum of the values
in A1 through A10.
=TODAY() Returns the current date.
=UPPER("hello") Converts the text "hello" to "HELLO" by using
the UPPER function.
=IF(A1>0) Uses the IF function to test the cell A1 to determine if it
contains a value greater than 0.