presentation sur les composants d un ordinateur

1. A TYPICAL PC
• INDEX:
• 1-PARTS OF COMPUTER.
• 2-FUNCTIONS OF A
PC:INPUT,PROCESSIG,OUTPUT,STO
RAGE
• MADE BY:

2. WHAT IS A COMPUTER?
 Computers are not very intelligent (YES / NO)
 They follow directions from the user
 Computers are really just powerful calculators
with some “extras”
 They only handle instructions fast.

3. WHAT IS A SYSTEM?
 Standardized Method of doing
something
 Specific pieces of hardware and
software that your computer needs to
perform tasks
 Computer system converts your
keystrokes into letters and displays
them on the monitor screen.

4. HARDWARE AND
SOFTWARE
 The hardware is what sits on your desk
and executes the software instructions.
(Physical)
 Software a series of simple computer
instructions organized to complete
tasks. (Intangible)

5. • Motherboard
– Rectangular printed circuit
board
– Distributes power and
digital signals (data and
instruction)
– This electrical system of
pathways is called the
computer bus
5
PARTS OF COMPUTER

6. • RAM (random access
memory)
– Stores programs loaded
from hard drive
– Volatile memory system
(data lost when power is
turned off)
– Increasing RAM most
common upgrade
6

7. • Hard Drive: Internal Drive
– Consists of several disks
sealed in a sealed box
– Data and programs are
stored as magnetic
patterns
– Connected to power
supply and motherboard
7

8. HARDWARE
 physical parts of a computer
 Input Devices
 Allows us to put things in the
computer
 Output Devices
 Allows the computer to put things out
for us to see
FUNCTIONS OF A PC

9. INPUT DEVICES
How we tell the computer what to do
 keyboard
 Enter letters and numbers
 Mouse
 Point and click, select, drag
 Joysticks
 used for games
 Scanner
 Input pictures, text from books,

10. OUTPUTDEVICES
How it shows you what it is doing
 Monitor or CRT or screen (soft-copy)
 View information from the computer
 Printer (hard-copy)
 Physical image of computer information

11. RANDOM ACCESS MEMORY - RAM
 RAM is the memory your computer
uses to run applications.
 The amount of RAM in your computer
is fixed
 sales people will define a computer's
capabilities by amount of RAM
 Also known as Active Memory

12. READ-ONLY MEMORY - ROM
 Saved information in memory
 can be read only and not altered (CD)
 ROM is built into your computer to
help it start when you turn it on
 Any information saved on a disk such
as information used to perform a task
 Also known as Storage Memory

13. STORAGE FOR
DOCUMENTS AND
PROGRAMS

14. MEMORY
 How the processor stores and uses
immediate information
 You request a program
 Computer loads the program from the
hard drive to faster RAM memory.
 You save your work the information
gets written back to the hard drive.

15. STORAGE DEVICES
 Where computers save information or
data
 Internal / Fixed
• Hard disk drives HDD
• Compact Disc CD
 External / Portable
• Floppy Disk Drives FDD
• Thumb Drives USB

16. INTERNAL STORAGE
DISKS
 Hard disk/hard drive
 A fixed permanent storage unit that
holds a great deal of information.
 Compact Disc Drive
 Stores information such as programs,
games, and back ups of documents
that are permanent

17. EXTERNAL / PORTABLE
STORAGE
 Floppy disk/diskette
 A portable disk on which information is
magnetically written that can be read,
copied, or deleted.
 "Floppy" describes older 5.25" disks
which were flexible, while the more
common 3.5" disks are hard cased
 Thumb Drives
 Large storage capacity for files and
documents

18. CENTRAL PROCESSING UNIT OR CPU
 All processes and tasks are performed by
CPU
 Printing
 Screen views
 Saving files
 Megahertz (MHz)
is the CPU speed
in which it performs
instructions
 It’s the Brains of the Computer

19. ICONS
 Pictures that represent actual items
like:
 Hard drives
 Applications
 Actions
 Tasks
 Documents / Files
 Pictures

20. OPERATING SYSTEM OR PLATFORM
 Software provides a "user interface"to:
 manage files
 start applications or programs
 customize computer settings
 other tasks
 PCs use Microsoft Windows XP, VISTA
 Macintoshes use the Macintosh OS
(operating system.)

21. SOFTWARE
APPLICATIONS
a piece of software intended to do a
particular task such as accounting,
typing, number-crunching, or making
pictures

22. POPULAR SOFTWARE
APPLICATIONS
 Word Processing (MS Word, WordPerfect)
 Spreadsheets (MS Excel, Lotus 123)
 Database (Access, Fox Pro)
 Presentation (PowerPoint, Presentations)
 Browsers (MS Internet Explorer, Fire Fox,)

23. FILE OR DOCUMENT
 any single creation by an application,
 A single chart
 A painting
 A four page paper
 A web page
 A thesis with graphics and footnotes.
 A government form

24. CURSOR
 a visual indicator on the screen that
lets you know where your mouse is
positioned.
 allows you to insert text or select
existing items to be erased or deleted,
copied or modified.

25. NETWORK
 A group of computers that are
connected with each other by:
 telephone lines (Internet)
 fiber-optic cables
 Cables
 Benefits on a computer network:
 share files
 send information very quickly
 enable multiple users to communicate at
one time.