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1. BIOCHEMISTRY
[B. Pharm – I Yr.]
Topic: Biomolecules (Nucleic Acids)
Umesh Kumar
Assistant Professor
Dept. of Pharm. Chemistry
Hygia Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research

2. Contents
• Lipids
• Introduction
• Classification
• Chemical nature

3. Nucleic Acids
• Friedrich Miescher in 1869 isolated
nuclein from the nuclei of pus cells.
• Nuclein was shown to have acidic
properties, hence it became called nucleic
acid
• There are two types of nucleic acids,
namely deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)
and ribonucleic acid (RNA).
• Primarily, nucleic acids serve as
repositories and transmitters of genetic
information

4. • The demonstration that DNA contained the genetic information was
first made in 1944 in a series of experiments by Avery, MacLeod, and
McCarty.
Conti……..

5. • Precursor and derived lipids: These include fatty acids, glycerol,
steroids, other alcohols, fatty aldehydes, and ketone bodies,
hydrocarbons, lipid-soluble vitamins and hormones.
Classification of Lipids

6. • Hydrolysis: Triacylglycerol undergo enzymatic hydrolysis (by lipase)
to produce free fatty acids and glycerol.
Chemical nature of Lipids

7. • Saponification: The hydrolysis of Triacylglycerol by alkali (NaOH,
KOH) to produce glycerol and soap is known as saponification.
Chemical nature of Lipids

8. • Rancidity:
• Deterioration of fat and oils is known as Rancidity. Resulting in unpleasant
taste.
• Fats containing unsaturated fatty acids are more susceptible to rancidity.
• Unpleasant products like dicarboxylic acids, ketones and aldehydes are
produced.
Chemical nature of Lipids

9. THANK YOU
HYGIA GROUP OF INSTITUTIONS
GHAILA ROAD, GAAZIPUR BALRAM,
FAIZULLAHGANJ, LUCKNOW