Housing Opportunity 2014 - In Pursuit of the Good Life: The Role of Housing in Health and Wellbeing, Micere Keels
1. The Persistent Problem
of Inequality
Leveraging Housing Policy
to Narrow Inequality
Micere Keels • University of Chicago
Urban Land Institute• Housing Opportunity 2014 Conference
May 14-16, 2014 Denver, Colorado
2. Links between inequality & health
• Widening inequality makes the overall society sicker
• A country’s overall economic success does predict
people’s well-being, but among industrialized
nations, the healthiest and happiest countries are
not the richest. Rather, they are countries where
wealth is shared widely and more equally.
6. Economically integrated neighborhoods and schools
promotes sharing of high quality public resources
narrowing inequality in the next generation
Finding Common Ground report
7. A Housing Mobility Experiment
• Moving to Opportunity
• Positively affected health
• Little effect on income and
education
8. A Natural Experiment: Back To The City Movement
However,
32% child poverty 70% Free/Reduced Lunch
in the city in the public schools
9. Economically Integrated Urban
Communities
Economic Mobility For Low Income Families
• Leveraging the return to cities movement to reduce
inequality
• Share physical space but not social resources
– E.g., in most large cities housing policy is no longer
school policy
– School choice allows middle-income families to
choose the urban neighborhood they want and opt
out of the low performing neighborhood school
10. Without purposeful action urban renewal
will not lead to economically integrated
social institutions and reductions in
intergenerational poverty
As Rebecca discussed improvements in housing and housing policy has had a significant effect on cognitive and physical health and this matters for the extent to which individuals can educate themselves out of poverty
But the effects of improvements in housing quality and policy on inequality have stalled and as well all now know economic inequality has been rising since the 80s
in country-to-country comparisons, researchers find that the greater the difference between the richest and the poorest in a society, the worse off everyone in that society seems to be.
holistic approach grew from the knowledge that it’s not enough to improve or replace a single aspect of a struggling neighborhood