Oral Diagnosis I Third Year

1. ‫الرحيم‬ ‫الرحمن‬ ‫ال‬ ‫بسم‬
Early signs and symptoms of
AIDS (Acquired Immune
Deficiency Syndrome)
Oral manifestation of HIV

2. Early signs and symptoms of AIDS
• Once HIV (Human immunodeficiency virus) enters
human body, the immune system comes under
attack.
• The virus multiplies in the lymph nodes and slowly
begins to destroy helper T cells (CD4 lymphocytes) —
the white blood cells that coordinate the entire
immune system after that there will be signs and
symptoms.

3. Early signs and symptoms of AIDS

4. Early infection
-brief flu-like illness.
-Signs & symptoms may appear after 2 - 4 weeks
after becoming infected.
• Fever
• Headache
• Sore throat
• Swollen lymph glands
• Skin Rash

5. Later infection
The person may remain symptom-free for eight or
nine years or more. But as the virus continues to
multiply and destroy immune cells, mild infections or
chronic symptoms will appear:
• Swollen lymph nodes — often one of the first signs
of HIV infection
• Diarrhea
• Weight loss
• Fever
• Cough and shortness of breath

6. Latest phase of infection
By the time AIDS develops the immune system has been severely
damaged, making the body susceptible to opportunistic infections.
• Soaking night sweats
• Shaking chills or fever higher than 100 F (38 C) for several weeks
• Dry cough and shortness of breath
• Chronic diarrhea
• Persistent white spots or unusual lesions on the tongue or in the
mouth
• Headaches
• Blurred and distorted vision
• Weight loss
• Fatigue
• shaking chills

7. Oral manifestation of HIV

8. Fungal lesions
• Candidiasis
• Histoplasmosis
• Cryptococcus Neoformans

9. Viral lesions
• Herpes Simplex
• Herpes Zoster
• Human Papillomavirus Lesions
• Cytomegalovirus
• Hairy Leukoplakia and Epstein-Barr Virus

10. BACTERIAL LESIONS
• Periodontal Disease
• MYCOBACTERIUM AVIUM-INTRACELLULARE

11. NEOPLASTIC LESIONS
• Kaposi's Sarcoma
• LYMPHOMA

12. OTHER ORAL LESIONS ASSOCIATED WITH
HIV DISEASE
• Oral Ulceration
• Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura
• Salivary Gland Disease and Xerostomia

13. conclusion
• Doctors, dentists, nurses, etc. should also
have frequent AIDS tests.
• Early testing is essential to stop the spread of
the disease and for person survival.

14. References
- HIV In Site Knowledge Base Chapter
June 1998 Deborah Greenspan, DSC, BDS, University
of California San Francisco.
http://hivinsite.ucsf.edu/InSite?page=kb-04-01-14
- http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/hiv-
aids/DS00005/DSECTION=symptoms

15. Thanks