2. 2
Proposed Agenda
I. Introductions: Overview of Leonidas
II. Situational Analysis
III. Offer Analysis
Staffco Offer
HGE Offer
IV. Valuation
Publicly Company Comparable Analysis
Precedent Transactions Analysis
Discounted Cash Flow Analysis
Overall Valuation
V. Recommendation
VI. Appendix
LBO Model
3. 3
Leonidas Capital Overview
Firm Overview
Leonidas Capital is a leading boutique, middle-market investment banking firm providing investment banking advisory
including M&A, private placement and strategic advisory services with significant transaction experience in the Employment
Services/Staffing space.
“Boutique-Level Attention, Bulge-Bracket Firm Capabilities”
M&A
Advisory Services
Private Placement Services
Strategic Advisory
Services
Leonidas Capital is dynamically positioned as a lean and highly flexible investment banking group. We provide a boutique-
level focus, with bulge-bracket firm capabilities. We differentiate ourselves with:
Seasoned professionals who have a proven ability execute.
The skill to adapt to market conditions, transaction types & industries.
Global relationships and reach (Strategics, PEGS, Hedge Funds, Mezzanine, Lenders, Pension Funds, Family Offices).
Travis Nauman Patrick Sullivan Robert Hink
Principals
• Managing Director • Managing Director • Managing Director
4. 4
Industry Overview
Size
IT staffing is the largest segment in the professional staffing space, accounting for approximately 43% of all
professional staffing revenue
Growth
U.S. staffing industry is expanding rapidly, generating revenues of over $97 billion in 2010
IT staffing revenue increased by 13% in 2011 and is expected to increase by 10.4% in 2012
Expected to add more jobs over the next decade than most industries in the U.S.
Trend
Industry is moving towards higher skilled and higher paid positions
Forecasts indicate a significant shortage of qualified workers in the IT, nursing, and physician fields
Key External Drivers
Changes in the nature of work and production processes influence the demand for temporary workers to fill
short-term and seasonal-demand peaks
Increase in corporate profit has a positive effect on industry performance as clients will be more likely to invest
in temporary employees
National unemployment rate - industry is sensitive to changes in unemployment levels as temporary staff are
the first to be laid off in a recession and first to be hired in economic upturn
Source: www.IBISWorld.com
5. 5
Company Overview
With 16 offices in major metro areas throughout the
United States, ITStaffing, Inc. (“ITS” or the
“Company”) is one of the leading IT staffing firms in
the nation.
The Company has developed an enviable reputation
for being able to provide clients with a range of highly
skilled IT professionals on a full-time or temporary
basis.
As such, the Company has developed long-term,
recurring customer relationships that generates
significant profit margins. Clients continue to seek
out ITS’ services in order to raise productivity, lower
overhead costs and increase labor flexibility.
Management’s strategic focus on building a scalable
platform has allowed it to enter attractive new
markets, with little capital investment.
Company Overview Financial Overview
The Company is a strong cash flow generator. In 2011,
ITS generated $37.9 million in adjusted EBITDA on
sales of $203.3 million, a 18.7% margin. These margins
are considered “best in class” in the industry, more
than double EBITDA margins of larger publicly traded
competitors.
-
50.00
100.00
150.00
200.00
250.00
300.00
2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016
Sales Adj.EBITDA
Actual FYE December 31, Projected FYE December 31,
2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016
Sales 131.8$ 161.2$ 203.3$ 224.4$ 239.0$ 251.5$ 264.0$ 273.5$
Cost of Direct Services 91.4 105.1 129.0 143.0 152.3 160.2 168.2 174.2
Gross Profit 40.4 56.1 74.3 81.5 86.8 91.3 95.8 99.3
Operating Expense 22.5 27.4 35.7 40.0 42.5 44.8 47.0 48.7
Compensation Adjustments 0.0 0.0 (0.7) (0.7) (0.7) (0.7) (0.7) (0.7)
Adjusted EBITDA 18.0 28.7 37.9 40.8 43.5 45.8 48.1 49.9
Growth Analysis
Sales Growth % N/A 22.3% 26.1% 10.4% 6.5% 5.2% 5.0% 3.6%
Adjusted EBITDA Growth % N/A 59.5% 32.4% 7.6% 6.6% 5.3% 5.1% 3.7%
Margin Analysis
Gross Margin 30.7% 34.8% 36.6% 36.3% 36.3% 36.3% 36.3% 36.3%
Adjusted EBITDA as a % of Sales 13.6% 17.8% 18.7% 18.2% 18.2% 18.2% 18.2% 18.2%
6. 6
Key Investment Merits
Leonidas Capital believes ITS is a highly attractive target for both strategic and financial buyers.
Niche Leadership Position: High Margin/High Skill IT Professionals
Debt Free Balance Sheet Allows for Financial Flexibility
Strong Financial Performance: Revenue Growth & Cash Flow Generation
Scalable Business Model
Highly Experienced Management Team/Excellent Operators
Solid, Recurring Customer Base
Industry Trends favor the “High Skill” segment
7. 7
Situational Analysis
Other Considerations
Maximizing shareholder value, while understanding shareholder motivations.
Should a formal sell-side process ensue, maintain maximum confidentiality to reduce potential competitive issues.
Leonidas Capital is pleased to assist ITS in determining the market value of the firm relative to the non-binding offers
in hand and potentially provide value-added alternatives for consideration. In assessing the situation at ITS, Leonidas
Capital understands the following items:
Strategic: Staffco
Non-Binding Offers, Subject to Due Diligence
Financial: HGE
Equity Ownership: 50%
Motivation to Sell: Low. Committed to business with an
optimistic outlook.
Key Concern: Competitive issues with running a full Sell-
side process.
David - CEO
Ownership Dynamics
Andy - CFO
Equity Ownership: 25%
Motivation to Sell: High. Motivated seller seeking to
pursue outside opportunities due to margin contraction
he foresees.
Deal Terms:
Staffco: Purchase of 100% of ITS common equity.
Sellers receive cash consideration of $220 million
and $140 million of Staffco’s common equity.
Eduardo - COO
Equity Ownership: 25%
Motivation to Sell: Low. Committed to the business.
Deal Terms:
HGE: Purchase of 40% of ITS common equity for
$95 million. Cash consideration of $175 million at
close with an earn-out of up to $15 million.
8. 8
Offer Analysis: Staffco
Staffco Valuation
Lower Upper
Discount 35% Discount 15%
Cash Plus Stock* Cash Plus Stock*
Offer Price
Equity Value with Stock Discount $311.0 $339.0
Less: Opportunity Cost ** (41.3) (41.3)
Net Equity Value 269.7 297.7
Plus: Net Debt (14.4) (14.4)
Enterprise Value $255.4 $283.4
EBITDA 37.9 37.9
Implied EBITDA Multiple 6.7x 7.5x
* Illiquidity discount of 15% and 35% taken on value of Staffco stock.
** Opportunity cost assumes PV of loss of dividend.
Staffco’s offer implies a 6.7x-7.5x EBITDA Range
Advantages of the Transaction
Liquidity at Close: Staffco’s $220 in cash
consideration provides immediate liquidity to
shareholders .
Diversification of Risk: This scenario allows the
shareholders to “cash out” and diversify some of their
business and industry risk.
Some of the Consideration is Tied Up in Illiquid
Stock: The shareholder’s risk is not totally diversified
since they have still have “skin in the game.”
Loss of Dividend: The owners will not receive future
dividends.
Key Considerations
9. 9
HGE Offer Considerations: Sources & Uses
Below are the sources and uses of funds related to the HGE offer:
$ in millions
LBO Transaction Summary for IT Staffing Inc.
Sources and Uses of Funds
x 2011 Cash
Sources: Amount % Sources EBITDA Rate PIK Warrant
Revolver $0.0 0.0% 0.0x 5.5%
Bank term loan 60.0 18.9% 1.6x 8.5%
Senior debt 60.0 18.9% 1.6x
Mezzanine 20.0 6.3% 0.5x 12.0% 2.0% 0.0%
Total debt 80.0 25.2% 2.5x
Rollover Equity 142.5 44.9% 3.8x 0.0% 0.0%
HGE Equity 95.0 29.9% 2.5x 0.0% 0.0%
Total equity 237.5 74.8% 6.3x
Total Sources: $317.5 100.0% 8.4x
Uses:
Cash to seller $159.9 50.4%
Rollover Equity 142.5 44.9%
Transaction expenses 15.1 4.8%
Total Uses: $317.5 100.0%
Ownership Structure
At Close Fully Diluted
Rollover Equity 60.0% 60.0%
HGE Equity 40.0% 40.0%
Total Ownership 100.0% 100.0%
10. 10
HGE Offer Considerations
Advantages of the Transaction
Liquidity Event: The financial sponsors’ 40% purchase
will provide immediate liquidity to the firm’s
shareholders.
Capital Appreciation Potential at Exit: Remaining
shareholders can get a “second bite of the apple” by
realizing continued upside growth in equity value of
their remaining 60% interest.
Strong Financial Backing: HGE is a “deep pocketed”
partner for future growth (management insights,
connections and potential portfolio synergies).
Financial Partner Requirements: In addition to a new
board of directors (3 out of 7 whom will be elected by
HGE), ITS may be subject to other requirements from
the financial partner including management fees,
reporting requirements, financial covenants and other
negative covenants (dividends, Capex, etc.)
Dilution of remaining shareholders: The Company’s
existing shareholders will see their ownership value
diluted under this structure.
Loss of Dividend: The owners will not receive future
dividends.
Key Considerations
HGE Valuation
Lower Upper
Implied Equity Value $237.5 $237.5
Plus: Net Debt 65.4 80.0
Enterprise Value 302.9 317.5
EBITDA 37.9 37.9
EBITDA Multiple 8.0x 8.4x
Cash Considerations
Cash at Close $175.0
Plus: NPV Potential Cash* 135.0
PV of Total Cash Considerations $310.0
* Includes loss of dividend, earnout, salary
HGE’s offer indicates a 8.0x-8.4x EBITDA Range
12. 12
Valuation: Public Company Comparables Analysis
The publicly traded comparable companies presented above employ similar business models including high skill
professionals with an IT component.
It is important to note that in general larger, public companies trade at a premium to smaller regional competitors
due to their relative market share, size and scale. However, for comparison purposes these public valuations
provide a basis for which to gauge ITS’ implied enterprise value.
Publicly Traded Comparable Companies are Trading in the 8.8x EBITDA Range
$ in millions, except share price
Comparable Company Operating Metrics
Shares Enterprise LTM LTM EV / EV / LTM Total
Company Stock Price Outstanding Debt Cash Equity Value Value Revenue EBITDA EBITDA Revenue EBITDA Margin Debt / EBITDA
CDI Corp. 13.15 19.2 21.8 18.2 252.5 256.1 1,039.9 30.7 8.3x 0.2x 3.0% 0.7x
Kforce Inc. 12.46 37.9 61.1 1.0 472.2 532.3 1,083.9 61.4 8.7x 0.5x 5.7% 1.0x
On Assignment Inc. 10.99 36.9 88.4 13.2 405.5 480.6 556.6 45.5 10.6x 0.9x 8.2% 1.9x
Robert Walters plc 2.90 77.0 18.8 35.9 223.3 206.2 766.1 27.6 7.5x 0.3x 3.6% 0.7x
IT Staffing Inc. (Staffco Offer) 0.3 14.6 301.4 287.0 203.3 37.9 7.6x 1.4x 18.2% 0.0x
IT Staffing Inc. (HGE Offer) 80.0 14.6 237.5 302.9 203.3 37.9 8.0x 1.5x 18.2% 2.1x
High 10.6x 0.9x 8.2% 1.9x
Mean 8.8x 0.5x 5.1% 1.1x
Median 8.5x 0.4x 4.6% 0.9x
Low 7.5x 0.2x 3.0% 0.7x
13. 13
Valuation: Public Company Comparables Analysis
Public Comparable Method
Mean EBITDA Multiple: 8.8x
Multiple Step Up for Valuation: +0.5x
Multiple Step Down: - 0.5x
Public Comparable Valuation
Lower Range Upper Range
ITS EBITDA $37.9 $37.9
Multiple Selected 8.3x 9.26x
TEV $313.3 $351.2
Less: Debt 0.3 0.3
Plus: Cash 14.6 14.6
Value of Equity $327.7 $365.6
Enterprise Value: $313.3 - $351.2 million
Equity Value: $327.7 - $365.6 million
EBITDA Multiple Selected: 8.3x – 9.3x
14. 14
Valuation: Precedent Transaction Analysis
$ in millions
Comparable Transactions
Target EBITDA EV /
Transaction Enterprise Value Revenues EBITDA EV/EBITDA Margin Revenue
Transaction 1 732.2$ 2,089.0$ 72.0$ 10.2x 3.4% 0.4x
Transaction 2 153.7 623.3 17.2 9.0x 2.8% 0.2x
Transaction 5 162.4 1,163.4 27.1 6.0x 2.3% 0.1x
Transaction 7 128.6 603.3 20.7 6.2x 3.4% 0.2x
Transaction 11 840.8 373.0 53.2 15.8x 14.3% 2.3x
High 840.8$ 2,089.0$ 72.0$ 15.8x 14.3% 2.3x
Mean 403.5 970.4 38.0 9.4x 5.2% 0.6x
Median 162.4 623.3 27.1 9.0x 3.4% 0.2x
Low 128.6 373.0 17.2 6.0x 2.3% 0.1x
The global staffing sector has seen a pickup in takeover activity in recent months as companies look to speed
up growth by expanding into new geographies and niche businesses.
Given the fragmented market, major players continue to seek opportunities to ramp up firms that focus on
high skill professionals in order to boost margins.
Precedent Transactions indicate an average 9.4x EBITDA Multiple
15. 15
Valuation: Precedent Transaction Analysis
Precedent Transaction Method
Mean EBITDA Multiple: 9.4x
Multiple Step Up for Valuation: +0.5x
Multiple Step Down: - 0.5x
Precedent Transactions Valuation
Lower Range Upper Range
ITS EBITDA $37.9 $37.9
Multiple Selected 8.9x 9.9x
TEV $338.7 $376.7
Less: Debt 0.3 0.3
Plus: Cash 14.6 14.6
Value of Equity $353.1 $391.0
Enterprise Value: $338.7 - $376.7 million
Equity Value: $353.1 - $391.0 million
EBITDA Multiple Selected: 8.9x – 9.9x
16. 16
Weighted Average Cost of Capital
$ in millions
Weighted Average Cost of Capital Analysis for IT Staffing Inc.
Cost of Senior Debt 8.5%
Marginal Tax Rate 40.0%
After Tax Cost of Debt 5.1%
Cost of Mezzanine 14.0%
Marginal Tax Rate 40.0%
After Tax Cost of Mezzanine 8.4%
Cost of Equity
Risk Free Rate 4.5%
Beta 1.38
Equity Premium 5.75%
Size Premium 2.85%
Cost of Equity 15.3%
Percentage of Capital Amount %
Senior Debt 60.0$ 34.3%
Mezzanine 20.0$ 11.4%
Equity 95.0$ 54.3%
Total 175.0$ 100.0%
WACC 11.0%
The weighted average cost of capital was calculated as follows:
17. 17
Valuation: Discounted Cash Flow Analysis
DCF Assumptions
Projected FYE December 31,
2012 2013 2014 2015 2016
EBITDA 40.8 43.5 45.8 48.1 49.9
Less: depreciation (0.6) (1.0) (1.4) (1.2) (1.3)
Less: amortization (3.0) (3.0) (3.0) (3.0) (3.0)
EBIT 37.2 39.5 41.4 43.9 45.6
Less: taxes (11.0) (8.4) (13.4) (14.8) (15.9)
Tax-effected EBIT 26.2 31.1 28.0 29.1 29.7
Plus: depreciation 0.6 1.0 1.4 1.2 1.3
Plus: amortization 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0
Less: capital expenditures (1.0) (1.1) (1.2) (1.3) (1.3)
+/- Changes in working capital (0.9) (2.0) (1.7) (1.7) (1.3)
Unlevered free cash flow $27.9 $32.0 $29.5 $30.3 $31.4
WACC
367.4 10.0% 11.0% 12.0%
3.0% 399.8 350.2 311.6
3.5% 423.2 367.4 324.6
4.0% 450.6 386.9 339.2
DCF Sensitivity
GrowthRate
Weighted average cost of capital 11.0%
Net present value of free cash flow $111.15
Growth rate of FCF after 5 years 3.5%
Terminal value $432.0
Present value of the terminal value 256.2
Enterprise Value 367.4
Less: Net Debt 14.4
Equity Value $381.7
Perpetuity Growth Method
Perpetuity Growth Rate: 3% - 4%
WACC: 10 – 12%
5 year period based on a blended forecast of
industry and management projections.
DCF Valuation
Enterprise Value: $339.2 - $399.8
Implied EBITDA Multiple: 8.9x – 10.5x
18. 18
Leonidas Capital: Overall Valuation
• Leonidas Capital performed a valuation that incorporated i) publicly traded company valuation multiples, ii) implied
M&A transaction multiples and iii) DCF valuation. Each of these approaches were weighted (20% DCF, 40% Public
Comparables, 40% precedent transactions).
• Leonidas Capital believes that ITS’ total enterprise value is within the $328.6 to $371.1 million range.
• After subtracting debt and adding cash, our estimate of ITS’ equity value is within $343.0 and $385.5 million.
• Leonidas Capital Commentary: Based on the estimated LTM EBITDA of $37.9 million, Leonidas believes that ITS would
present an attractive investment opportunity to a wide group of financial partners (i.e. global private equity groups,
hedge funds, mezzanine lenders, etc.) and strategics alike.
• In addition, ITS’ proven business model, “best in class” EBITDA margins, experienced management team and
exceptional growth potential position the Company with substantial leverage when negotiating deal terms with
prospective investors.
Lower Range Valuation TEV Weighting Weighted Avg TEV
DCF $339.2 20% 67.8
Public Comparables 313.3 40% 125.3
Precedent Transactions 338.7 40% 135.5
Enterprise Value 328.6
EBITDA 37.9
Implied TEV/EBITDA Multiple 8.7x
Net Debt 14.4
Equity Value 343.0
Upper Range Valuation TEV Weighting Weighted Avg TEV
DCF 399.8$ 20% 80.0
Public Comparables 351.2 40% 140.5
Precedent Transactions 376.7 40% 150.7
Enterprise Value 371.1
EBITDA 37.9
Implied TEV/EBITDA Multiple 9.8x
Net Debt 14.4
Equity Value 385.5
19. 19
Recommendation
Current Offers
Leonidas believes the current offers fall below the true value of the enterprise. However, there is potential upside on both deals:
Staffco: Staffco undervalues the firm and we feel this is a less desirable transaction for ITS. In order to consider this offer the
Company should negotiate a higher cash component at close or options on stock to lock in value in order to mitigate the illiquidity of
the stock consideration.
HGE: From an enterprise value perspective, HGE’s 40% offer falls below the valuation range. However, the existing shareholders
retain 60% of the equity in the Company. Therefore, assuming an exit in 5 years at a multiple of 8.4x, the growth in the equity value
is projected to increase by $125 million based on the projections of EBITDA. Therefore the shareholders must weigh their risk
tolerance on this un-guaranteed , yet potential upside from the “second bite of the apple.”
Alternative Recommendation
Based on our understanding of the existing shareholder’s motivation levels to sell, we believe Leonidas Capital has a creative solution that is
worth considering, which could be a “win-win” for all parties.
The Company’s cash flow can support the levels debt levels contemplated in the HGE offer. In theory, the Company could raise capital on
their own and while retaining 100% ownership. This could lead to creative structures such as a dividend recapitalization or potentially
shareholder buyouts.
This option would:
Eliminate any potential concerns with running a “broad” process (capital raise vs. sell-side).
Lower the companies overall cost of capital vs. an LBO transaction (replaces high cost mezzanine and equity capital with low-cost
senior debt).
Possible downside: increased leverage and increased scrutiny (enhanced reporting, covenants, etc.) from the senior lender.