During this webinar you will learn the following:
• An introduction to leak detection
• Best practices for predictive and preventative maintenance
• Gas leak detection solutions
• Air leak detection solutions
• Partial discharge detection solutions
43. QUESTIONS?
LEAK DETECTION & PREDICTIVE / PREVENTATIVE M AINTENANCE SOLUTIONS
Email Christina Spearman cspearman@transcat.com
Transcat: 800-828-1470
www.transcat.com
For related product information, go to:
www.transcat.com/brand/flir-store
Hinweis der Redaktion
If you answer “yes” to any of these questions, then your time will be well spent and there is a potential for you to improve your facility
Since the early 80s, the “gold standard” for leak detection has been Method 21 (or TVA; Toxic Vapor Analyzer), which is slow and labor intensive – taking several days to complete a thorough survey. In addition, the TVA must be in contact with the leaking component in order to detect gas, so if the operator misses the leak point, it may go unnoticed. This also requires the operator to be put in harm’s way during the inspection.
Another method is Snoop (soap & water test looking for “bubbles”) – again, labor intensive having to hit all various components that could be leaking
Laser assisted – RMLD – can scan larger areas but may be limited to the gases it can detect.
The development of Optical Gas Imaging revolutionized gas detection allowing the visualization of VOCs and other gases.
The map above is a plot of all of the Natural Gas Electric Generation plant in the United States. This camera solves all of their problems:
Methane Gas Detection
Circuit breakers near the generation plant
Combined cycle that use ammonia
As well as predictive maintenance for any electrical hot spots throughout the plant
It solves at least 3 problems that every plant will have
The camera sees more than gas ONLY. It sees the things in the background (pipes, people, the ground, plants, etc.) but the gas blocks the energy from those things from reaching the detector.and shows up as “smoke”.
The camera sees more than gas ONLY. It sees the things in the background (pipes, people, the ground, plants, etc.) but the gas blocks the energy from those things from reaching the detector.and shows up as “smoke”.
Infrared is just beyond the Visible wavelengths (the rainbow). We have both MidWave and LongWave Cooled (GF3xx) and now have LongWave uncooled.
By focusing on wavelengths that a gas does not absorb, we reduce the energy that reaches the detector to “match” that of the gas.
FLIR has an OGI camera for many solutions to meet the demands of many industries. This helps show the “main” gases our GF77 portfolio will detect.
Here is an image of a fuel gas skid with a methane leak at a power plant.
The question is – don’t we already solve for methane leaks with Mercaptan? The short answer is yes – but in most plants that have natural gas, you can start to smell this right when you walk onto the grounds. This environment is different than your home; however. So in a natural gas plant, it will seem like everyday. But in your house, if your oven started leaking, you would notice right away.
In a lot of cases, the camera will find the leak before you smell it and/or you’ll smell it and not know where it is coming from.
Here is another example of a flange that is leaking natural gas– this video will go through 3 different modes:
Thermal image
Visual image
Enhanced high sensitivity mode
Remember that image that said “NO SMOKING” – this is why. These environments can be very dangerous not knowing what is happening in them.
Now, switching gears, but using the same camera, we switch to SF6 (Sulfur Hexafluoride) detection. In order to do this, all we have to do is change the lens. In the other videos, we were using our LR (Low Range) Lens to detect methane. By simply switching this out to our HR (High Range) Lens, now we can see different gases and the primary gas for this lens of SF6.
On this breaker at the top of the bushing, you can see the leak.
Basic image of a connection at a substation.
There isn’t a hotspot on this image, but you can clearly see the versatility of this camera with a clear, crisp thermal image. Making this GF77 the most versatile camera on the market.
The GF77-LR Lens is what has always been known as the “GF77”.
Some may have heard of the “GF77-HR” as the “GF76”. No longer use this terminology.
For some kinds of equipment issues, ultrasound can detect the defect earlier in the component degradation process.
Let’s talk about why that is…
First let’s describe some of the key characteristics of ultrasound itself.
Ultrasound technology involves using high frequency sound waves which are beyond the range of human hearing that are produced by equipment. The sound waves themselves are highly directional in nature and tend to be produced by discreet, localized sources.
Ultrasonic waves tend to be indicative of equipment degradation, so when we find them, we can use them as early warning signals of future equipment failure.
Ultrasonic inspection tools are a valuable part of a comprehensive asset management solution which is important for helping companies save money, increase product quality and worker safety, while reducing unplanned equipment outages.
What do air leaks and partial discharge have in common? ULTRASOUND
We filter the background sound out by tuning the camera to the right side of this acoustic wavelength essentially muting everything else. Similar to a dog whistle – they can hear it but we can’t.
So given that standard ultrasound technology is effective, why would you look at ultrasonic imaging?
First let’s discuss how it works.
Ultrasonic imaging takes advantage of the principle that ultrasonic waves are highly directional by triangulating the source of the sound emission.
By having many microphones in an array, we can do an accurate two-dimensional location of the sound source and superimpose that location and intensity the information on an image from a camera that has been calibrated to the ultrasonic microphone array.
Ultrasonic imaging has only been practical recently due to the combination of very powerful, yet low-cost computer processing power and the recent advent of small, low power, digital microphones.
The net result of performing ultrasound inspections this way is an approximately 90% reduction in the time needed to inspect.
Many users indicate this kind of technology is easy to learn and more effective than scanning system to find issues.
Another reason why more microphones is better is for locating the exact source of the issue.
Just like with a common digital camera or thermal camera, more microphones is like more pixels, the more you have, the better detail you can generally achieve.
Here we are illustrating the concept.
There are many applications for ultrasound technology – electrical partial discharge, compressed air leaks, vacuum system leaks, refrigerant gas leaks and many more, but the ones that tend to have the biggest return on investment for most users are the three highlighted at the top.
https://iac.tamu.edu/files/doe/1_-_Determine_the_Cost.pdf
https://www.pneumatictips.com/four-ways-compressed-air-systems-waste-energy-and-what-to-do-about-it/
Air is expensive and we can’t see it
So using this camera, all you have to do is trace your facility from your compressor all throughout where your air could be going, and if you see something like this rainbow spot, you’ve found a leak or a problem. Simply take a picture for record and then after service has been done, you can go back and check that it has been fixed.
All of these issues create significant problems.
Imagine in a substation and you’re looking for partial discharge on the insulators that are made of porcelain. If they get water inside, or start to degrade – what could possibly happen? They could explode. And if these porcelain shardes go flying out, it becomes very dangerous for both the people and the equipment in the area.
PD or Corona is identified by the Si124
Image is stored on camera
Once connected to the internet, the image is sent to the cloud for PROCESSING
Our sophisticated AI engineer processed the data
Discharge to air
Discharge to component
Discharge internally (this one indicates the biggest problem)
A determination is made, based on the data to the potential problem
A recommended solution is provided in the cloud-based application
As you’re walking, you want to take images of anything like this like we see on this insulator. We see this rainbow image on the body of the insulator indicating some acoustic activity:
Take an image
Save it to the cloud
Perform a visual inspection (take out binoculars if necessary) to ensure the insulator is clean of any potential dirt, debris, bird poo that could cause discharge on the surface of the device
If it is clean, then something could be happening internally (which you would want to fix)
Schedule the repair on your time
This is an example of a discharge between components (we don’t know until we put it through the software/AI). This is actually ok, but we don’t want to waste time fixing something that doesn’t need to be fixed.