Engineers, 3D Objects, and Rhetoric
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Presentation for May Seminar, Texas Tech, 2011
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Engineers, 3D Objects, and Rhetoric
- 1. Engineers, 3D objects, and Rhetoric How do engineering students use 3D objects and other visual artifacts to develop their designs and communi- cate ideas to other stakeholders? Tom Burns Eng 5389
- 2. Marketing Communication is Changing • Manufacturers and distributors increasingly are using 3DCAD models to entice potential customers • Reid Supply • McMaster-Carr
- 3. Methods • Class Observations • Document Analysis • Contextual Inquiry • Survey of Students
- 4. Research Site • MTRE 4400 – Mechatronics Capstone class at Southern Polytechnic State University
- 5. Participants – 16 Engineering Students 3DCAD is a required literacy for engineering programs at SPSU
- 6. Selected Survey Results • 50% of students responded to the survey • 100% of the students use Solidworks Software (1 years license supplied by SPSU) • 75% self-identify as experienced – 25% self-identify as novice users
- 7. Selected Survey Results • 75% of the students repurpose their CAD models for use in illustrations. • 38% of the students use the models to create animations. • 38% of the students use the models to create marketing visuals. • One student uses the models to fabricate parts using rapid prototyping equipment.
- 8. Class Observations • Five teams of students make four types of design presentations. 1. Design Requirements 2. Conceptual/Parametric Design 3. Detailed Design 4. Final Rollout
- 9. Students use imagery derived from a variety of sources to create a sort of visual equation to communicate their design concepts = + +
- 11. Genre Ecology
- 12. Document Analysis • Three sets of presentations from five teams were analyzed 1. Team usage of image vs. text usage compared 2. Total number of images used by all teams compared with text usage 3. Coding and analysis of rhetorical images
- 13. Team Use of Image Per Slide Compared To All Text Use Per Slide 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 First Presentation Second Presentation Third Presentation AG AV BP PP UGV
- 14. Overall Image Use Per Slide Compared To Text Use Per Slide 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% First Presentation Second Presentation Third Presentation Image Text
- 15. What are Engineering Drawings? • Orthogonal or two-dimensional plan, profile, and section drawings are the acknowledged carriers of engineering product information. • Isometric views are used in illustrations – as pretty pictures – for maintenance and operations manuals (Henderson 1999, pg 37).
- 16. What are Technical Illustrations? • Technical illustrations offer realistic or semi-realistic views of an object or process (Brasseur 2003, pg. 11). • The goal, of course, in a technical illustration is to convey information in a realistic yet simplified view (Brasseur 2003, pg. 45).
- 17. Modes of Representation for Design Artefacts Adapted from Hisarciklilar and Boujut (2008).
- 19. Adaptation for Coding 3DCAD Imagery Adapted with enhancements from Hisarciklilar and Boujut (2008).
- 20. Technical Artwork Continuum • Ranging from contextually rich image to abstract concept Schematic symbols adapted from (0000).
- 21. Conclusion • Data suggests that 3DCAD provides a hybrid-genre that crosses the professional domains of Engineering and Technical Communication
- 22. References Brasseur, L., E. (2003). Visualizing technical information: A cultural critique. Baywood Publishing Company, Inc., Amityville, NY Henderson, K., R. (1999). On line and on paper: Visual representations, visual culture, and computer graphics in design engineering. Graphics Press, Cheshire, CT Hisarciklilar, O., Boujut, J. F., (2008). Symbolic vs. iconic: How to support argumentative design discourse with 3D product representations. IDMME-Virtual Concept, Beijing
- 23. Students use 3DCAD to generate photo-realistic objects to persuade stakeholders of design plausability
Hinweis der Redaktion
- The rapid adoption of 3DCAD to communicate a variety of information may be observed throughout all forms of engineering. References to its use may be seen in design magazines and product catalogs. Manufacturers, and distributors are promoting their product availability through the provision of 3D models engineers need to complete their design. Some manufacturers feature these CAD files prominently on their website splash page as an enticement for potential customers. As this form of marketing communication evolves it may displace the conventional documents typically associated with technical communication.
- This diagram traces the 3D object as it’s used as a mediating artifact between the various stakeholders and institutions as students learn to organize their engineering data in a persuasive and effective manner. As this diagram shows, there are multiple stakeholders in the activity system associated with the student presentations. This system is bounded and structured by the rules of the engineering community and the student’s aspiration to take their place in the engineering ranks as a professional.
- 3D models have a great range of potential rhetorical expression. ｷ3D models and various derivatives ｷ3D physical materializations (manufactured products) ｷ3D animations ｷ2D drawings and illustrations ｷSketches for designing 3D models ｷActivity participants commenting on models ｷStakeholder proposals ｷSponsor solicitations for donations
- In their exploration of 3D objects used for rhetorical purposes in collaborative engineering, Hisarcikilar and Boujut developed a continuum model measuring differences between icons and symbols based on Pierce’s typology of signs.
- I’ve expanded the granularity of H&R continuum to include the default expressions of Solidworks.