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SCOLIOZA
Definiție
 Deformitatea coloanei vertebrale:
• Deviere în plan L-L a coloanei
• Rotația
• Torsio
 Etiologie neprecizată (funcțional, structural).
 Este o deformitate tridimensională.
 Sensul convexității.
 Gradul de compenzare.
 Funcționalitate, flexibilitate.
Clasificare
 Etiologie: structural, funcțional.
 După vârsta copilului : infanti, iuvenil adolesvent.
Examen clinic
Examinarea curburilor
Atenție lungimea picioarelor!
DIAGNOSTIC
Diagnostic pozitiv numai imagistic,
Rx L-L, A-P
DIAGNOSTIC
UNGHIUL COBB GRADE RISSER
 The intersection of a line parallel to the
superior end plate of the most cephalad
vertebra in a particular curve, with the line
parallel to the inferior end plate of the most
caudad vertebra of the curve.
 The most cephalad end vertebra is the
vertebra that has the greatest tilt from the
horizontal of its superior end plate (solid line).
 The most caudal end vertebra is the vertebra
that has the greatest tilt from the horizontal of
its inferior end plate
 The apical vertebra (A) is the most laterally
deviated vertebra from midline. Drawing lines
along several vertebrae near each end of a
curve (dashed lines) is helpful in determining
that with the greatest tilt.
Measuring the Cobb angle
 a visual grading of the degree to which the
iliac apophysis has undergone ossification and
fusion and is used to assess skeletal maturity
on PA spinal radiographs.
 The iliac apophysis ossifies in a stepwise
fashion from anterolateral to posteromedial
along the iliac crest.
 The Risser grades are as follows:
- 0 – No ossification
- 1 – Up to 25% ossification
- 2 – 26 to 50% ossification
- 3 – 51 to 75% ossification
- 4 – Greater than 76% ossification
Risser sign
Clasificarea Stagnara
 0-30 grade – ușoară
 30-56 grade - mediu
 Peste 50 grade - grav
 Peste 90 grade – foart grav
Prognostic, Screening
 Progresie – jumate ani:
• 2-3 grade – formă ușoară
• 5 grade – progresie semnificativă
 De exemplu o deviere de 20 de grade:
• Copil de 5 ani – alarmant
• Copil de 10 ani – de ingrijorat
• Copil de 16 ani – fără stres
 Program de screening național, copii intre
8 si 14 ani.
Tratament
 Gimnastică medicală, terapia spatelui -
terapia Schrott
 Sub 15 grade.
Corsetare, Ortezare
 Între 15-40 de grade.
Tratament cu corset
Idea de bază constă în
deplasare tridimensională
Corsetul ideal – tracțiune
- presiune
- derotare
Corecția trebuie să fie 3D
Efect pe coloană
Tipuri de corset
TVII
Tratament chirurgical
 Tratamentul chirurgical are următoarele
indicaţii:
• deviaţii peste 30 grade lombar
• deviaţii peste 40 grade la alte localizări
• gradul între 4-5 după clasificarea Risser
• progresie anuală mai mare de 10 grade
 Operaţia Harrington.
 Spondilodeză.
 Corecţia tridimensională după Cotrel-
Dubousset
Scolioza.ppt

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Scolioza.ppt

  • 2. Definiție  Deformitatea coloanei vertebrale: • Deviere în plan L-L a coloanei • Rotația • Torsio  Etiologie neprecizată (funcțional, structural).  Este o deformitate tridimensională.  Sensul convexității.  Gradul de compenzare.  Funcționalitate, flexibilitate.
  • 3. Clasificare  Etiologie: structural, funcțional.  După vârsta copilului : infanti, iuvenil adolesvent.
  • 6.
  • 8. Diagnostic pozitiv numai imagistic, Rx L-L, A-P
  • 10.  The intersection of a line parallel to the superior end plate of the most cephalad vertebra in a particular curve, with the line parallel to the inferior end plate of the most caudad vertebra of the curve.  The most cephalad end vertebra is the vertebra that has the greatest tilt from the horizontal of its superior end plate (solid line).  The most caudal end vertebra is the vertebra that has the greatest tilt from the horizontal of its inferior end plate  The apical vertebra (A) is the most laterally deviated vertebra from midline. Drawing lines along several vertebrae near each end of a curve (dashed lines) is helpful in determining that with the greatest tilt. Measuring the Cobb angle
  • 11.  a visual grading of the degree to which the iliac apophysis has undergone ossification and fusion and is used to assess skeletal maturity on PA spinal radiographs.  The iliac apophysis ossifies in a stepwise fashion from anterolateral to posteromedial along the iliac crest.  The Risser grades are as follows: - 0 – No ossification - 1 – Up to 25% ossification - 2 – 26 to 50% ossification - 3 – 51 to 75% ossification - 4 – Greater than 76% ossification Risser sign
  • 12. Clasificarea Stagnara  0-30 grade – ușoară  30-56 grade - mediu  Peste 50 grade - grav  Peste 90 grade – foart grav
  • 13.
  • 14. Prognostic, Screening  Progresie – jumate ani: • 2-3 grade – formă ușoară • 5 grade – progresie semnificativă  De exemplu o deviere de 20 de grade: • Copil de 5 ani – alarmant • Copil de 10 ani – de ingrijorat • Copil de 16 ani – fără stres  Program de screening național, copii intre 8 si 14 ani.
  • 15. Tratament  Gimnastică medicală, terapia spatelui - terapia Schrott  Sub 15 grade.
  • 17. Tratament cu corset Idea de bază constă în deplasare tridimensională Corsetul ideal – tracțiune - presiune - derotare Corecția trebuie să fie 3D Efect pe coloană
  • 19.
  • 20.
  • 21. Tratament chirurgical  Tratamentul chirurgical are următoarele indicaţii: • deviaţii peste 30 grade lombar • deviaţii peste 40 grade la alte localizări • gradul între 4-5 după clasificarea Risser • progresie anuală mai mare de 10 grade  Operaţia Harrington.  Spondilodeză.  Corecţia tridimensională după Cotrel- Dubousset