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The right to a healthy environment: Women and girls matter
1. THE RIGHT TO A
HEALTHY
ENVIRONMENT:
WOMEN AND
GIRLS MATTER
MRINALINI RAI
WOMEN4BIODIVERSITY
CBD WOMEN CAUCUS
OCTOBER 23, 2020
THE ROAD TO KUNMING: HIGH-LEVEL
WORKSHOP ON BIODIVERSITY, CLIMATE AND
GOVERNANCE
#Women4Biodiversity
2. FACTS In 18 countries, husbands can legally prevent their
wives from working; in 39 countries, daughters and
sons do not have equal inheritance rights; and 49
countries lack laws protecting women from domestic
violence.
While women have made important inroads into
political office across the world, their representation in
national parliaments at 23.7 per cent is still far from
parity.
Globally, women are just 13 per cent of agricultural
land holders.
Women make up 80% of all refugees and displaced
people. Instruments of genocide such as sexual
violence and rape are often directed at women and
girls.
1 out of 3 women worldwide have experienced either
physical and/or sexual intimate partner violence or
non-partner sexual violence. While there are many
other forms of violence that women may be exposed
to, this already represents a large proportion of the
world’s women.
Global Witness recorded 212 land and environmental
defenders killed in 2019 – an average of more than
four people a week. Over 1 in 10 defenders killed were
women.
COVID-19 pandemic will push 96 million people into
extreme poverty by 2021, 47 million of whom are
women and girls. This will bring the total number of
women and girls living on USD 1.90 or less, to 435
million.
9670034207
4. BEIJING DECLARATION AND
PLATFORM FOR ACTION (1995)
WOMEN AND ENVIRONMENT
253. By Governments, at all levels,
including municipal authorities, as
appropriate:
(a) Ensure opportunities for women,
including indigenous women, to
participate in environmental
decision-making at all levels,
including as managers, designers and
planners, and as implementers and
evaluators of environmental projects;
(b) Access to information and
education…
(c) Effective knowledge, innovation
and practices of indigenous and
local communitieis
(d) Take into account the the
precautionary principles 18,
Participants at the Non-Governmental Organizations Forum meeting held in Huairou, China, as part of the United
Nations Fourth World Conference on Women held in Beijing, China on 4-15 September 1995. UN Photo/Milton
Grant
5. CONVENTION ON BIOLOGICAL
DIVERSITY (CBD) TEXT (1993)
Recognizes the close and traditional dependence
of many indigenous and local communities on
biological resources;
Recognizes the vital role that women play and
affirm(s) the need for the full participation of
women at all levels of policy-making and
implementation for biological diversity
conservation;
Aware that conservation and sustainable use of
biological diversity is of critical importance for
meeting the food, health and other needs of the
growing world population
The Plan of Action was welcomed by the
Conference of the Parties at its ninth
meeting in Bonn, Germany, in May 2008
through its decision IX/24. Building on this
Plan of Action, the Conference of the
Parties adopted the 2015-2020 Gender Plan
of Action at its twelfth meeting in
Pyeongchange, Republic of Korea, in
October 2014 through its decision XII/7
6. TRANSFORMATIVE CHANGE FOR GENDER EQUALITY AND
WOMEN AND GIRL’S RIGHTS IN POST-2020
Transformative change - A fundamental, system-wide reorganization across technological, economic
and social factors, including paradigms, goals and values (IPBES)
Proposed Priority Areas
• Women’s engagement and leadership in biodiversity governance;
• Equal access, ownership and control over biological resources, including land;
• Equitable sharing of benefits from biodiversity conservation and sustainable use, and from the utilization of
genetic resources
Recommendations
• Embed gender-responsive indicators throughout targets and make use of relevant gender-responsive indicators.
• Take into account pre-emptive precautionary principle and ensure in place social safeguards, including Free, Prior
and Informed Consent (FPIC)
• Address inequalities and the systemic barriers limiting women and girl’s enjoyment of their fundamental rights
RIGHT TO A HEALHTY ENVIORNMENT MEANS ENSURING THAT NO WOMEN OR GIRL IS LEFT BEHIND.
8. Coordinator / CBD Women Caucus
Mrinalini (Tina) Rai
mrinalini.rai@women4biodiversity.org
Campaign Coordinator
Amelia Arreguin
amelia.arreguin@women4biodiversity.org
www.women4biodiversity.org
9. HERSTORIES – OF RESILIENCE
Para-Kiror women group in Chepareria’s
West Pokot County Kenya have
transformed their landscapes through
agroforestry practice
Mahila Parisar Sanghs mining meeting ,
Korchi, India. Their physical opposition and
vocal expression in various meetings against
mining, including the state sponsored public
hearings, ensured that the mining lease has
remained pending until this date in the
Korchi taluka
10. HERSTORIES – OF RESILIENCE
Marine Protected Areas and sustainable
management practice of “Bameti” mollusk
collection, Isles of Kei, Indonesia
Women fishers, shrimp peelers and mollusk
workers in Costa Rica
11. HERSTORIES – OF RESILIENCE
Endorois Women Forum, Kenya. to represent women on
matters involving rights of women particularly on matters of
cultural marginalisation that have resulted in the denial of
among others, women rights to participate in decision
to be heard, to resources and ownership of land.
Fair and Equitable Benefit Sharing (ABS) Biodiscovery case in
Mexico . The local development of an herbal product for the
cosmetic industry is guided by traditional knowledge under
the Nagoya Protocol
Through advocacy, Endorois women were also represented during the
preparation of the BCP and were able to share their ideas and
experiences as well in addition to being capacity built to ensure
resources are not removed from their jurisdiction without their
Ten years ago, at
the Mexican state
of Queretaro, in
the Charape-La
Joya Ejido
community, Mrs.
Eulalia Moreno
with her two
daughters
founded Women
& Environment
(W&E). In 2017,
Provital S.A turned
into the first
cosmetic
ingredients
supplier worldwise
to fully fulfil the
Hinweis der Redaktion
https://www.un.org/sustainabledevelopment/gender-equality/
Women, Peace and Security." Amnesty International USA. http://www.amnestyusa.org/our-work/issues/women-s-rights/women-peace-and-security (accessed July 25, 2014)
Point 5: WHO
Point 6: UN Women Report From Insights to Action
Unless measures are taken, a decade will be lost in the fight against extreme poverty. The total number of women and girls living in extreme poverty is forecast to total 409 million in 2020 (up from 398.5 million in 2019), peak at 435 million in 2021, and will not revert to pre-pandemic levels until the year 2030 (see Table 1 in Annex 2).
https://www.unwomen.org/-/media/headquarters/attachments/sections/library/publications/2020/gender-equality-in-the-wake-of-covid-19-technical-note-en.pdf?la=en&vs=2156
Table : presents key components of the international policy landscape, which is vital to underpinning the argument that gender-environment is not only necessary, but called for repeatedly in international agreements.
Beijing Declaration and Platform for Action : https://www.un.org/en/events/pastevents/pdfs/Beijing_Declaration_and_Platform_for_Action.pdf
BPfA: The year 2020 marks the 25th anniversary of the Fourth World Conference on Women and adoption of the Beijing Declaration and Platform for Action (BPfA). The Platform for Action is the defining and foundational policy framework for the achievement of gender equality, women’s rights and women’s empowerment. For over two decades, it has been the road map and central rallying point for gender equality.
The Beijing Declaration and Platform for Action of 1995 was adopted by 189 governments who committed to taking strategic, bold action in 12 critical areas of women and girls concern
Women and poverty
Education and training of women
Women and Health
Violence against women
Women and Armed Conflict
Women in power and decision-making
Women and the economy
Institutional mechanisms for advancement of women
Human rights of women
Women and Media
Women and the Environment
The girl child
on October 1, 2020, During the UNGA75th HL Meeting on the 25th Anniversary of the 4th World Conference on Women was held,
Xi Jinping, President of the People’s Republic of China, host country of the Beijing Conference, called for protections of women´s rights and interests to become a national commitment and announced a USD 10 million contribution to UN Women in the next five years.
He also proposed another Global Leaders' Meeting on Gender Equality and Women's Empowerment in 2025.
https://www.unwomen.org/en/news/stories/2020/10/press-release-leaders-reignite-the-vision-of-the-beijing-platform-for-action
RIO Declaration
Principle 18
States shall immediately notify other States of any natural disasters or other emergencies that are likely to produce sudden harmful effects on the environment of those States. Every effort shall be made by the international community to help States so afflicted.
WOMEN AND THE ENVIRONEMTN
There is little systematically collected data available on women and environment.
Nonetheless, efforts has been made to understand the interlinkages between gender and environment. Gender sensitive INDICATORS have been suggested among others by FAO and UNSTATS.
8th Global forum on Gender Statistics (October 15-26, 2020 in Bern – POSTPONED TO 2021)
https://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic-social/meetings/2020/8th-global-forum-on-gender-statistics/#:~:text=The%208th%20Global%20Forum%20on,sector%20and%20the%20donor%20community.
196 Parties (168 Signatures ) – to date
The Convention's text was opened for signature on 5 June 1992 at the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (the Rio "Earth Summit"). By its closing date, 4 June 1993, the convention had received 168 signatures. It entered into force on 29 December 1993.
Strong history on integrating gender considerations – first MEA to have a gender plan of action (2008) – revised plan adopted in 2014 (CBD COP12 in Pyeongchange, Republic of Korea, in October 2014 through its decision XII/7) , to align with Strategic Plan for Biodiversity 2011-2020 and the Aichi Biodiversity Targets
Paragraph 13 of the CBD text of 1992, Preamble, recognizes “the vital role that women play in the conservation and sustainable use of biological diversity and affirming the need for the full participation of women at all levels of policy making and implementation for biological diversity conservation,” and, the Subsidiary Body on Scientific, Technical and Technological Advice (SBSTTA) mentions women’s practices, knowledge, and gender roles in food production.
Over 60 decisions with reference to gender or women, since COP 3 (1996)
focus on women’s participation, women as stakeholders
importance of roles of women, gender roles, changed gender relationships
take into account concerns and interests of women
include gender perspectives, mainstream gender considerations
Gender Plan of Action
The 2015-2020 Gender Plan of Action defines the role that the CBD Secretariat will play in stimulating and facilitating efforts, both in-house and with partners at the national, regional and global levels, to overcome constraints and take advantage of opportunities to promote gender equality within its work.
Costa Rica
The initiative, developed by CoopeSoliDar R.L, 2019, a study was carried out to support the visibility of women in the different value chains of Costa Rica’s fisheries. In all the communities studied, the activity of artisanal fishing is linked to aspects of identity that come from previous generations of women. This traditional knowledge is of vital importance in
terms of the conservation and sustainability of local marine resources and therefore contribute to sustainable fisheries at the national level
In 2016, W&E started working in collaboration with the Spanish Company Provital S.A., on the development of plant-based cosmetics.
By 2017, after completing all the processes, Provital S.A. turned into the first cosmetic ingredients supplier worldwide to fully fulfil the Nagoya Protocol requirements, and, initiated work with the community and UAQ