INTRODUCTION
COORDINATES - 23.22 ON 72.680 E ELEVATION - 265 feet (81 m)*
LOCATED 23 KM NORTH OF AHEMDABAD (FIN CAP. OF GUJARAT)
PLANNED IN 1960S BY, PRAKASH M APTE & H. K. MEWADA,
AFTER PARTITION OF BOMBAY * STATE : AHEMDABAD WAS MADE AS THE CAPTAL OFGUJARAT
AREA TOTAL 177KM2 ELEVATION : 8IM ( 266 FT)
POPULATION (2011)
TOTAL: 206,167 DENSITY : 1,200/KM2
CLIMATE*
TROPICAL WET AND DRY CLIMATE•
SUMMER MAXIMUM - 36 to 42 °C MINIMUM - 19 to 27 C
WINTER MAXIMUM - 29 C MINIMUM - 14°C
MONSOON: THE AVERAGE ANNUAL RAINFALL IS AROUND 803.4 MM
LANGUAGES
GUJARATI, HINDI, AND ENGLISH• 54% GREEN COVER ON ITS LAND AREA
• THE CITY SITS ON THE BANKS OF THE SABARMATI RIVER, IN NORTH-CENTRALEAST GUJARAT
HISTORY
IN 1960, THE INDIAN STATE OF BOMBAY WAS SPLIT INTO TWO STATES, MAHARASHTRA AND GUJARAT LEAVING GUJARAT WITHOUT A CAPITAL CITY.
AT THE TIME AHMEDABAD WAS SELECTED TO BE THE FIRST CAPITAL OF THE NEWLY CREATED STATE.
• IT WAS LATER PROPOSED THAT A NEW CAPITAL CITY BE CONSTRUCTED FOR THE STATE.
• GANDHINAGAR GOT AN IDENTITY OF ITS OWN WHEN THE STATE OF MUMBAI WAS DIVIDED INTO TWO SEPARATE STATES OF GUJARAT AND MAHARASHTRA.
• IN THE BEGINNING, AHMEDABAD - A COMMERCIAL HUB OF GUJARAT WAS CHOSEN AS THE STATE CAPITAL AND IT WAS PROPOSED THAT A NEW CAPITAL SHOULD BE CONSTRUCTED ALONG THE LINE OF OTHER NEW STATE CAPITALS, PARTICULARLY CHANDIGARH
• THEREFORE TWO WELL-KNOWN INDIAN ARCHITECTS, H.K. MEWADA AND PRAKASH M. APTE (WHO WORKED AS BEGINNER FOR THE CHANDIGARH CITY) DESIGNED THE NEW STATE CAPITAL*
NAMED AFTER MAHATMA GANDHI THE FOUNDATION STONE OF THIS CITY WAS LAID ON 1965 AND IN 1971 THE CAPITAL WAS SHIFTED FROM AHMEDABAD TO GANDHINAGAR
PLANNING
• PLANNED AND IMPLEMENTED BETWEEN 1965-1970
• DETERMINATION TO MAKE GANDHINAGAR A PURELY INDIAN ENTERPRISE, PARTLY BECAUSE GUJARAT WAS THE BIRTHPLACE OF GANDHI.
• TO ESTABLISH AND MAINTAIN A SEPARATE IDENTITY FOR THE NEW CITY THE SURROUNDING AREA OF ABOUT 39 VILLAGES WAS BROUGHT UNDER A PERIPHERY CONTROL ACT (AS IN CHANDIGARH)
• THE AREA LATER CONSTITUTED A SEPARATE ADMINISTRATIVE DISTRICT OF GANDHINAGAR.
• THE CITY WAS PLANNED FOR A POPULATION OF 150,000 BUT CAN ACCOMMODATE DOUBLE THAT POPULATION WITH INCREASE IN THE FLOOR SPACE RATIO FROM 1 TO 2 IN THE AREAS RESERVED FOR PRIVATE DEVELOPMENT.
• THE RIVER BEING THE BORDER ON THE EAST, AND THE INDUSTRIAL AREA TO THE NORTH, THE MOST LOGICAL FUTURE PHYSICAL EXPANSION OF THE CITY WAS ENVISAGED TOWARDS THE NORTH-WEST
2. z
INTRODUCTION
COORDINATES - 23.22 ON 72.680 E ELEVATION - 265 feet (81 m)*
LOCATED 23 KM NORTH OF AHEMDABAD (FIN CAP. OF GUJARAT)
PLANNED IN 1960S BY, PRAKASH M APTE & H. K. MEWADA,
AFTER PARTITION OF BOMBAY * STATE : AHEMDABAD WAS MADE
AS THE CAPTAL OFGUJARAT
AREA TOTAL 177KM2 ELEVATION : 8IM ( 266 FT)
POPULATION (2011)
TOTAL: 206,167 DENSITY : 1,200/KM2
CLIMATE*
TROPICAL WET AND DRY CLIMATE•
SUMMER MAXIMUM - 36 to 42 °C MINIMUM - 19 to 27 C
WINTER MAXIMUM - 29 C MINIMUM - 14°C
MONSOON: THE AVERAGE ANNUAL RAINFALL IS AROUND 803.4 MM
LANGUAGES
GUJARATI, HINDI, AND ENGLISH• 54% GREEN COVER ON ITS LAND
AREA
• THE CITY SITS ON THE BANKS OF THE SABARMATI RIVER, IN
NORTH-CENTRALEAST GUJARAT
3. z
HISTORY
IN 1960, THE INDIAN STATE OF BOMBAY WAS SPLIT INTO TWO STATES,
MAHARASHTRA AND GUJARAT LEAVING GUJARAT WITHOUT A CAPITAL CITY.
AT THE TIME AHMEDABAD WAS SELECTED TO BE THE FIRST CAPITAL OF THE
NEWLY CREATED STATE.
• IT WAS LATER PROPOSED THAT A NEW CAPITAL CITY BE CONSTRUCTED FOR
THE STATE.
• GANDHINAGAR GOT AN IDENTITY OF ITS OWN WHEN THE STATE OF MUMBAI
WAS DIVIDED INTO TWO SEPARATE STATES OF GUJARAT AND MAHARASHTRA.
• IN THE BEGINNING, AHMEDABAD - A COMMERCIAL HUB OF GUJARAT WAS
CHOSEN AS THE STATE CAPITAL AND IT WAS PROPOSED THAT A NEW CAPITAL
SHOULD BE CONSTRUCTED ALONG THE LINE OF OTHER NEW STATE CAPITALS,
PARTICULARLY CHANDIGARH
• THEREFORE TWO WELL-KNOWN INDIAN ARCHITECTS, H.K. MEWADAAND
PRAKASH M. APTE (WHO WORKED AS BEGINNER FOR THE CHANDIGARH CITY)
DESIGNED THE NEW STATE CAPITAL*
NAMED AFTER MAHATMA GANDHI THE FOUNDATION STONE OF THIS CITY WAS
LAID ON 1965 AND IN 1971 THE CAPITAL WAS SHIFTED FROM AHMEDABAD TO
GANDHINAGAR
4. z
PLANNING
• PLANNED AND IMPLEMENTED BETWEEN 1965-1970
• DETERMINATION TO MAKE GANDHINAGAR A PURELY INDIAN
ENTERPRISE, PARTLY BECAUSE GUJARAT WAS THE BIRTHPLACE OF
GANDHI.
• TO ESTABLISH AND MAINTAIN A SEPARATE IDENTITY FOR THE NEW
CITY THE SURROUNDING AREA OF ABOUT 39 VILLAGES WAS
BROUGHT UNDER A PERIPHERY CONTROL ACT (AS IN CHANDIGARH)
• THE AREA LATER CONSTITUTED A SEPARATE ADMINISTRATIVE
DISTRICT OF GANDHINAGAR.
• THE CITY WAS PLANNED FOR A POPULATION OF 150,000 BUT CAN
ACCOMMODATE DOUBLE THAT POPULATION WITH INCREASE IN THE
FLOOR SPACE RATIO FROM 1 TO 2 IN THE AREAS RESERVED FOR
PRIVATE DEVELOPMENT.
• THE RIVER BEING THE BORDER ON THE EAST, AND THE INDUSTRIAL
AREA TO THE NORTH, THE MOST LOGICAL FUTURE PHYSICAL
EXPANSION OF THE CITY WAS ENVISAGED TOWARDS THE NORTH-
WEST
5. z
CHARACTERISTICS
• MEWADA, AND APTE HAD WORKED AS TRAINEES UNDER
LEGENDARY ARCHITECT LE RBUSIER IN CHANDIGARH
PROJECT IN THE 1950S.
• GANDHINAGAR'S STREETS ARE NUMBERED (EG. ROAD NO. 1,
ROAD NO. 2 UPTO ROAD NO. 7)
• CROSS STREETS NAMED FOR LETTERS OF THE GUJARATI
ALPHABET
• ALL STREETS ARE ALIGNED AT 30 DEG. N-W AND 60 DEG. N-E,
TO AVOID DIRECT GLARE OF MORNING AND EVENING SUN
WHILE DRIVING
• THERE ARE 30 SECTORS EACH OF 1KM X 0.75KM
THE GUJARAT ASSEMBLY BUILDING IS IN THE CENTRE OF THE
CITY TO MAKE IT CLOSE TO ALL THE RESIDENTS
6. z
LINKAGES AND CONNECTIVITY
NATIONAL HIGHWAY (NH) 8 AND AC RUNS THROUGH THEDISTRICT
CONNECTING IT WITH MAJOR CITIES (20 km from city
CONNECTED WITH AHMEDABAD BY THE SARKHER GANDHINAGAR
HIGHWAY (28 KM AND WITH VADODARA BY THE AHMEDABAD-
VADODARA EXPRESSWAY (130 KM)
DISTANCE FROM MAJOR INDUSTRIAL CENTRES IN THE
STATE:
RAJKOT (249 KM)
JAMNAGAR (837 KM) 6
VALSAD(373 KM)
ANKLESHWAR (223 KM)
BHAVNAGAR (228 KM)
MEHSANA (68 KM)
SURAT (306 KM)
DISTANCE FROM MAJOR CITIES IN INDIA:
MUMBAI (573 KM)
DELHI (043 KM)
KOLKATA (19re KM)
CHENNAI (1851 KM)
7. z
DIFFERENT PHASES OF PLANNING
PHASE 1 :AFTER THE CITY'S INFRASTRUCTURE
WAS COMPLETED IN1970. AND UNTIL 1980, IT WAS
KNOWN AS GANDHIAN CITY, SINCE ITWAS BASED
ON GANDHIS CONCEPTS AND PRINCIPLES,
PHASE 2 :BETWEEN 1980 AND 1990, A TIME OF LOW
POLLUTION, IT WAS KNOWN AS UNPOLLUTED CITY
PHASE 3:AFTER 1990, MANY TREES WERE
PLANTED, AND THE CITY BECAME THE GREEN
CITY
PHASE4: IN 2002. GUJRAT K CHIEF MINISTER.
NARENDRA MODE PROPOSED ANEW, TRIPLE
FOCUS FOR THE CITY, IT SHOULD BE GREEN.
SHOULD USE SOLAR ENERGY, AND IT SHOULD BE
COSMOPOLITAN
8. z
NODE HIERARCHY
THE DIFFERENT NODES ACCORDING TO THEIR ACTIVITY AND THE
STREET LENGTH COUNTERPARTS (LONGER STREETS WILL HAVE
MORE IMAGEABLE NODES) SHOWA HIERARCHY OF NODES IN
AHMEDABAD WHEREAS GANDHINAGAR IS UNIFORM
HIERARCHY
THE MAPS PLOTTING THE HIERARCHICAL VARIANCES OF STREET
LENGTHS IN AHMEDABAD ARE MUCH WIDER AS OPPOSED TO
THE GAUSSIAN SIMPLISTIC GEOMETRIC PATTERN IN
GANDHINAGAR. THUS AS A DIRECT CONSEQUENCE
GANDHINAGAR LACKS THE LIFE AND MEMORABILITY DUE TO ITS
LACK OF COMPLEXITY AND INTERCONNECTION
9. z
ROAD PATTERNS
• THE MAJOR FACTOR WHICH CREATES TRAFFIC PROBLEMS IN
OUR COUNTRY IS THE MIXTURE OF SLOW AND FASTOMPLETE
SEGREGATION OF THE TWO IS ACHIEVED BY A TRAFFIC
SYSTEM ENSURING RELATIVELY SAFER AND SWIFTER
PASSAGE FOR BOTH.
• THE SYSTEM CONSISTS OF A GRID (1 KM. X 0.75 KM.) OF
MOTOR ROADS AND ANOTHER GRID (1 KM. X 0.75 KM.) OF
CYCLE PEDESTRIAN WAYS SUPERIMPOSED ON EACH OTHER
SO THAT EACH RESIDENTIAL COMMUNITY IS SERVED BY
MOTOR ROADS ON THE PERIPHERY AND CYCLE WAYS WITHIN
ITS ORIENTATION OF ROADS.
• THE MAIN TOWN ROADS HAVE BEEN SO ORIENTEDAS TO BE
HELPFUL IN ORIENTING THE VARIOUSBUILDINGS CORRECTLY
WITH RESPECT TO LIGHT ANDAIR VENTILATION.
• THE ALIGNMENTOF THE DISTRIBUTOR ROAD WITHIN THE
SECTORS IS TAKEN IN SUCH A WAY THATIT FACILITATES TO
ORIENT THE RESIDENTIAL QUARTERS IN A CORRECT MANNER.
• PRACTICALLY IN ALL THE SECTORS, NEARLY 60% OF THE
RESIDENTIAL QUARTERS HAVE BEEN CORRECTLY ORIENTED
WITH REFERENCE TO LIGHT AIR AND VENTILATION.
12. z
COMPARISON BETWEEN THE ORIGINAL PLAN
AND NEW PLAN
• CONSCIOUSLY DESIGNED ANDPLANNED AXIALLY BASED ON
EGALITARIAN AND GANDHIAN ETHOS. THE RE-PLANNING OF
GANDHINAGAR BY THE CONSULTANTS OF
GANDHINAGAR URBAN DEVELOPMENT AUTHORITY (GUDA) HAS
OBLITERATED ITS IDENTITY AS A CAPITAL CITY.
• UNBRIDLED CAPITALISM HAS LED TO ITS DEBASEMENT AND
INORGANIC EXTENSION RESULTING IN GANDHINAGAR
BECOMING JUST ANOTHER SUBURB OF AHMEDABAD.
13. z
ISSUES AND MISUSAGE
- MAJOR AREA FOR CULTURAL FACILITIES, IN THE CITY SQUARE IN
SECTOR 17 OF THE CITY CENTRE IS PROPOSED TO E CONVERTED TO
COMMERCIAL USE. KILLING GUJARATS TRADITIONAL CONCEPT OF A'CITY
SQUARE & DESTROYING A MAJOR ELEMENT OF URBAN DESIGN OF THE
NEW CAPITAL CITY
- AN AREA ALONG ROAD ALONG THE RIVER SABARMATI) ACROSS SECTOR
O COVERED BY RAVINES, WAS PROPOSED FOR CONSERVATION AS AN
ADVENTURE PARK. IT IS NOW DESIGNATED BY THE CONSULTANTS FOR
RESIDENTIAL. TAKING AWAY A UNIQUE RECREATIONAL FACILITY
- THE OPEN SPACES AT THE JUNCTIONS OF ALL. MAIN ROADS OF THE CITY.
LEFT OPEN IN THE ORIGINAL. PLAN TO IMPROVE ROAD GEOMETRICS IN
FUTURE, ORNAMENTAL. LANDSCAPING ROAD SIGNAGE, GUIDE MAPS
ETC ARE PROPOSED TO BE TILLED UP WITH ROADSIDE PETTY SHOPS &
HUTMENTS FOR THE IMMIGRANTS GIVING THE CITY A SLUM LIKE LOOK
- TRAFFIC ISSUES
- • NO DEDICATED CYCLE TRACKS BUT WERE PART OF THE 1905 SIASTER
PLAN WITH BRICK SURFACE AND NOW HAS BEEN ENCROACHED BY
ROOTS FOR MOTORIZED TRAFFIC,NO TRAFFIC SIGNALS IN MOST ROAD
INTERSECTIONS IN CITY HAVE ROUNDABOUT WHICH SHOWS THE
TRAFFIC BUT DOESNTSTOP IN THE CASE OF TRAFFIC LIGHT