2. Bamboo can be utilized as a building material for scaffolding, bridges, houses and buildings. Bamboo, like wood, is a natural composite material with a high strength-to-weight ratio
useful for structures. Bamboo's strength-to-weight ratio is similar to timber, and its strength is generally similar to a strong softwood or hardwood timber.
Bamboos are some of the fastest-growing plants in the world, due to a unique rhizome-dependent system. Certain species of bamboo can grow up to 91 cm within a 24-hour period,
or nearly 4 cm/h.
Bamboo has been in wide usage since ancient times as a low-cost material for houses, bridges etc. Recently started appearing in designer homes as flooring, walling and paneling
material Is viewed as a material preferred only by the poor or for temporary constructions unpopular in conventional construction due to low durability, lack of structural design data,
exclusion from building codes.
I N T R O D U C T I O N TO B A M B O O C O N S T R U C T I O N
F A C T S A B O U T B A M B O O
Bamboo is a perennial grass and not a tree as is commonly perceived.
1450 species are found in diverse climates across the world, however,
not all of these are suitable for construction. One of the fastest growing
plants on Earth. Its growth rate ranges from 30cm to 1 m in 24 hours.
The strongest part of a bamboo stalk is its node, where branching
occurs. Bamboo has also long been used as scaffolding; the practice
has been banned in China for buildings over 6 storeys but is still in
continuous use for skyscrapers in Hong Kong.
A D V A N T A G E S
Strength
Flexibility
Earthquake-Resistance
Lightweight
Cost-effective
Durability
D I S A D V A N T A G E S
• Requires preservation
• Shaped by nature
• Durability– expected life of not more than 5 years.
• Jointing– their structural efficiency is low.
• Lack of design guidance and codes.
• Prone to catch fire very fast by the friction among the culms during
wind, and is seen to cause forest fires
B A M B O O – T Y P E S O F B A M B O O F O U N D AT I O N S
The types of bamboo foundation identified are:
1. Bamboo in direct ground contact
2. Bamboo on rock or preformed concrete footings
3. Bamboo incorporated into concrete footings
4. Composite bamboo/concrete columns
5. Bamboo piles
BAMBOO IN DIRECT GROUND CONTACT
BAMBOO INCORPORATED INTO
CONCRETE FOOTINGS
COMPOSITE BAMBOO/CONCRETE COLUMNS
3. B A M B O O – F L O O R S
Bamboo building can have:
1) Compacted mud floor with or without bamboo matting or
2) Elevated bamboo floors with min 500mm gap between
ground and floor for inspection
Bamboo floors consists of two components:
1) Structural bamboo elements
2) Bamboo decking
FLOORS STRUCTURAL BAMBOO elements like
columns and beams are done with poles of 100mm dia.
Bamboo floors can be of any one of the following
1. Joist with primary members
2. Joist with primary & Secondary members
1. JOIST WITH PRIMARY MEMBERS
2. JOIST WITH PRIMARY & SECONDARY MEMBERS
BAMBOO FLOOR DECKING can be of the
following
1. Small bamboo culms
2. Split bamboo culms
3. Flattened bamboo
4. Woven mats
5. Bamboo panels
6. Bamboo parquettes
1. Small bamboo culms
Smaller diameter culms are tied/nailed to the
joists
2. Split bamboo culms
Culms are split into 3-4 cm wide stripes and
tied/nailed to joists or battens specially fixed
for this purpose.
3. Flattened bamboo culms
These are formed by splitting green bamboo
culms, removing the diaphragms then unrolling
and flattening them. The resulting board is laid
across the joists and fixed by nailing or tying
4. Woven mats
Woven mats Mats should not be fixed by direct nailing, but are
held in place by bamboo strips or timber battens tied or nailed
over the top. This is one of the easiest types of traditional floor
to keep clean.
5. Bamboo panels
Panels layers of woven mats or strips, laid at right angles, are
bonded together into boards using resins and pressure and
thermal processes .These are then nailed to the joists
6. Bamboo parquettes
Parquettes Thin slivers or mats of bamboo are formed into
multi-layered tiles and laid on treated bamboo or wooden
strips fixed to compacted earth or a concrete sub-floor.
4. Bamboo Supers truc ture
W a l l
The wall shall be made using wattle and daub technique. For latticework between the posts, any mature split bamboo shall be used. The
bamboo strips shall be coarsely woven(vertical weft and horizontal warp). A maximum of two bamboo splits can be used as warp or
weft.
This bamboo shall be treated as per the IS 1902: 2006 recommendations for non-structural bamboo ( see Annexure B)
For lattice, Jafri(The woven mat of split bamboo) may be used. This provides skeleton for daub work.
Bamboo Column
Bamboo Column
Supporting to Beam
Tying with Rope
Frapping
The woven mat of split bamboo (Jafri)
D e t a i l - A
The woven mat of split bamboo
(Jafri)
Tying with Rope
Bamboo Column
Supporting to Beam
5. Bamboo Supers truc ture
The distance
between two posts
shall not be more
than 1.2m centre to
center
Far apart (Not desirable) Spacing at 1 .2m (Desirable)
D iagonal bracing
Diagonal bracing between the posts in each wall at the corners from plinth
level end to attach in the opposite corners of the wall.
K n e e b r a c i n g
Alternatively, knee bracing may be provided at each post to connect post and
the attic level beam.
W a l l
Lattice shall be tied properly to the bamboo posts, the office level or eave
level beam depending on the context.
The inside of the wall panel shall be mud/cement plastered while the outside
will have to be cement plastered.
6. Bamboo Supers truc ture
W a l l s C o n s t r u c t i o n
Bamboo is extensively used for construction of walls and partitions. Posts and beams are the main
elements normally constructed with bamboo provide structural framework for walls. They positioned
in a way to be able to withstand forces of nature. An infill is used between framing elements to add
strength and stability to the walls
7. Bamboo Supers truc ture
Bamboo sizes
Bamboo sizes are generally specified by minimum dia., wall thickness, and
length.
Column – 80-100mm dia.
Wall thickness – 10-12mm dia.
Bamboo strips for infill panels – 18-12mm wide, 8-10mm thick.
Treated bamboo culms, 80-100mm in dia., provide basic load bearing
framework for the building. The columns are spaced at internals of 1.2m.
Timber wall plate, 100 x 38mm in cross section is fixed to the columns by
screwing or skew-nailing into wooden plugs.
8. Bamboo Supers truc ture
BAMBOO ZIGZAG WALL PANEL,
FOR DECORATION,
SIZE: 3INCH
₹ 140/ SQUARE FEETGET LATEST
PRICE
USAGE/APPLICATION: DECORATION
SIZE: 3INCH
THICKNESS: 7MM
PATTERN: PLAIN
BAMBOO WALL PANEL
₹ 80/ SQUARE FEETGET LATEST PRICE
MATERIAL: BAMBOO
COLOR: BROWN
THICKNESS: 20MM
USAGE/APPLICATION: HOTEL AND CAFE
WATER PROOF: YES
FRP BAMBOO PANEL
₹ 350/ SQUARE FEETGET LATEST
PRICE
MATERIAL: FRP
FINISH: MATTE
HEIGHT: 10 FEET
LENGTH: 8 FEET
CORE FILLING: CEMENT
BAMBOO PANEL
THICKNESS: 4-5 MM
₹ 500/ PIECE
TILE TYPE: WOODEN WALL PANEL
THICKNESS: 4-5 MM
BROWN BAMBOO WALL PANEL
₹ 450/ SQUARE FEETGET LATEST
PRICE
MATERIAL: BAMBOO
BRAND: ARTKEVAL
COLOR: BROWN
SIZE/DIMENSION: 8 FT
CORE FILLING: CEMENT
MODERN WOODEN BAMBOO WALL
PANELS FOR EXTERIORS AND
INTERIORS
₹ 950/ SQUARE FEETGET LATEST PRICE
APPEARANCE: MODERN
MATERIAL: WOODEN
SIZE/DIMENSION: 140X2900X18MM.
9. Bamboo Roof
IN ALL BAMBOO HOUSES, ATTIC SHOULD BE PROVIDED FOR USE
DURING FLOODS. IT SHALL BE STRONG ENOUGH TO TOKE LIVE
LOAD ALONG WITH DEAD LOAD IN FLOOD CONDITIONS.
THE ATTIC HEIGHT AT THE EAVE LEVEL SHALL BE MINIMUM 15CM
AND THE CLEAR STORY HEIGHT BELOW ATTIC SHALL BE MINIMUM 2.
I M.
DIAGONAL BRACING OR KNEE BRACING IN THE POSTS ABOVE ATTIC
LEVEL SHALL BE PROVIDED.
ONLY MATURE BAMBUSA BALCOA OR EQUIVAENT BAMBOO SHALL
BE USED FOR BEAMS.
FOR SPANS MORE THAN 3M, THE MAIN BEAMS SHALL BE MADE BY
BUNDLING AT LEAST 2 BAMBOO (MINIMUM 75MM DIAMETER) PLACED
ONE ON TOP THE OTHER AND TIED TOGETHER WITH SHEAR PINS.
ATTIC BEAMS, LATTICE TOPPING 8 COLUMN SUPPORT
ADDITIONAL BAMBOO SHOULD BE BUNDLED WITH THE POSTS FOR
SUPPORTING MAIN BEAM OF THE ATTIC. THIS BAMBOO SHALL BE TIED
TO THE POST AT LEAST AT 3 PLACES AND WILL REST ON THE PLINTH
BEAM.
ATTIC LEVEL
LATICE WORK
BAMBOO SPLIT COVER
SECONDARY BEAM
MAIN BEAM
DOWEL
LASHING
BAMBOO POST
POST SUPPORTING TO
BEAM
LASHING
PLINTH BEAM
DETAILS OF ATTIC BEAMS, LATTICE TOPPING AND COLUMN
SUPPORT
