Empfohlen
Weitere ähnliche Inhalte
Ăhnlich wie Oral Health_Demko.pptx
Ăhnlich wie Oral Health_Demko.pptx (20)
KĂźrzlich hochgeladen
KĂźrzlich hochgeladen (20)
Oral Health_Demko.pptx
- 1. Overview of Oral Health Topics for the Community Health Worker November 17, , 2016 Catherine A. Demko, PhD Case Western Reserve University School of Dental Medicine Created with support from the Ohio MedTAPP HCA
- 2. As a Community Health Worker, how does oral health fit it? âYou are not healthy without good oral health.â David Satcher, Surgeon Generalâs Report, 2000
- 3. Purpose of the module ď Brief overview of oral health issues ď Raise awareness of oral health in the context of general health ď Introduce oral health in the context of CHW scope of practice ď Provide resources for oral health promotion
- 4. What do we mean by oral health? ďś Dental health refers to teeth and gums. ďś Oral health includes everything related to your mouth: ⢠Jaws ⢠Chewing muscles ⢠Roof of your mouth ⢠Linings of the mouth and throat ⢠Tongue ⢠Lips ⢠Salivary glands ⢠Mouth and face pain ⢠Oral or throat cancer
- 5. Oral health is essential to quality of life Oral health affects biting, chewing, smiling, speaking, and psychosocial wellbeing Oral pain can cause: ⢠Poor school performance in children ⢠Work loss in adults ⢠Difficulty chewing and poor nutrition ⢠Costly emergency department visits Dental decay and tooth loss can lead to: ⢠Aesthetics and self-image issues ⢠Speech and language development problems ⢠Costly restoration
- 6. How common are oral diseases? ď Dental caries is the most common chronic disease of childhood. ⌠It is 4-5 times more common than asthma. ⌠In Cleveland schools, 25-30% have untreated decay; ď Gum disease affects 47% of U.S. Adults. ď 50,000 oral cancers are diagnosed annually. ⌠Oral cancer causes 10,000 deaths a year. ⌠Diagnosis is often late; early detection is key
- 7. ď The mouth is a gateway. Taking care of the mouth helps keep the rest of the body healthy.
- 8. Oral health General health Scientific research has established a link between mouth infections and serious medical problems, such as: ď Diabetes* ď Heart disease ď Lupus ď Oral cancer ď Rheumatoid arthritis ď Stroke These are links, but we donât know for sure if the relationships are Causal; mostly associations related to inflammation
- 9. Part 2: Basic Issues in Oral Diseases ď Describe each of 3 diseases ď What are the causes of each disease ď What are risk factors ď How can we prevent these oral diseases?
- 10. Overview ď 3 most common dental diseases are caries, periodontal disease and oral cancer. ď Dental caries is the most common chronic disease of childhood. ď Dental is the most unmet health need
- 11. Basic tooth structure & gums Ename l Dentin Pulp Root Surrounded by Gum Tissue and Bone
- 12. Caries: How do teeth develop decay? Bacteria Food Teeth Bacteria break down food into acids that eat away at the tooth. DECAY
- 13. What increases the likelihood of tooth decay? Risk factors shared by adults and children include: â˘Bacteria: High bacterial counts â˘Family history of (cavities) â˘Diet: Frequently consuming sugary foods & drinks â˘Inadequate fluoride â˘Low Saliva or Dry Mouth from many prescription drugs â˘Low socio-economic status â may indicate poor diet, lack of access to care â˘Aging, disease, and disease treatment can contribute to risk for tooth decay in adults
- 14. 2. Periodontal (Gum) Disease Infection of the tissues that hold teeth in place Healthy Periodonta l disease Bacteria and inflammation break down bone & gum tissue
- 15. What increases risk of gum disease? ď Smoking: significant risk factors. ď Hormonal changes in girls/women. ď Diabetes: Increases risk for many infections, including gum disease. ď Other illnesses: can negatively affect gums; diseases such as AIDS and its treatments; cancer treatments
- 16. 3. Mouth and Throat Cancer ď Cancer of the mouth, tongue, throat, tonsils, lymph nodes ď Risk of oral cancer increases with age. Most oral cancers occur after age 40. ď Survival in AA males is the poorest of any group
- 17. Risk factors that increase the likelihood of oral cancer & other diseases Oral cancer Gum disease Lung Cancer Liver disease Oral cancer Highest risk for Oral Cancer
- 18. Steps to Reduce Risk for Oral Disease Caries Periodontal Disease Oral Cancer Strong health promotion messages for these 3 oral diseases
- 19. Part 3: Prevention and Oral Health Promotion Preventive behaviors for oral health ď Routine self-care, brushing & flossing ď Fluoride toothpaste ď Dietary choices; limit sugar intake ď Stop tobacco use; limit alcohol ď Alleviate dry mouth symptoms ď Routine preventive visits; catch problems early
- 20. CHW and Oral Health ď CANNOT diagnose oral health problems ď CANNOT offer advice about treatment ⢠CAN offer reliable information ⢠CAN offer resources for additional information ⢠CAN offer resources for access to care ⢠CAN provide brief health promotion messages ďś Follow one of the models in your book to understand your clientâs belief about oral health
- 21. Oral Health Promotion Messages Professional Care ď Establish a dental home; a routine source of care. ďVisit your dentist regularly for professional cleanings and exams.
- 22. Messages: Brushing ď Regular brushing and flossing are the foundation of good oral health. ď 2â3 minutes, twice a day, and floss to get rid of food debris and plaque. ď Use a soft toothbrush and focus on the area where the tooth meets the gum. ď Use fluoride toothpaste ď Supervise children until about 8yrs old.
- 23. Messages: Dietary Habits ď Avoid frequent snacking on sugary foods ď Avoid sipping sugary beverages all day ď Drinking water throughout the day helps rinse the mouth and neutralize the acids that cause decay. ď Choose healthy snacks for self and children
- 24. Messages: Other Behaviors ď Avoid tobacco (all forms); refer to QuitLine ď Limit alcohol ď Sugar-free chewing gum with Xylitol
- 25. Summary for CHW Role in Oral Health ďśAsk Questions ⌠âDo you have any problems or concern with your teeth? ⌠âDoes anything in your mouth hurt?â ⌠âDo you have a regular dentist?â ⌠âWhen was the last time you visited a dentist?â ⌠âHow often do you brush/floss your teeth?â ďś Provide health education/promotion messages ďś Provide resources and/or referrals for dental services
- 26. CHW and Community Oral Health ď What characterizes oral health in a community? ď What resources and strengths exist for oral health? ď What resources would enhance oral health for community members? ď What are existing or possible barriers? ď Who would have information about oral health in children, adults, elderly, special needs? ď Is oral health a good topic for community-level health promotion?
Hinweis der Redaktion
- In 2000, Dr. David Satcher, the Surgeon General at that time, issued a
- With this mandate in mind that overall good health includes good oral health, all providers who educate and promote health should have a basic working knowledge of oral health and how it can be included in their scope of practice. We therefore created an introductory module for inclusion in the CHW curriculum at CSU. Today, Iâm just going to tell you a bit about that module and the role of oral ehalth.
- When working with clients, talking about the âhealth of your mouthâ is another way of saying oral health
- Consequences on general health and quality of life when experiencing oral pain, tooth decay or tooth loss.
- For some clients, linking good oral health to their general health can be motivating to take care of teeth and gums. For some clients, keeping teeth healthy for a nice smile is most important. Get to know what is important to your client.
- Having a healthy mouth is important for its own sake; a healthy mouth is important for chewing, speaking, smiling An unhealthy mouth has been found more often in people with other types of chronic diseases; diabetes, heart disease, rheumatoid arthritis. We donâtâ know for sure if the mouth infections cause or contribute to the chronic disease or if the disease plays a role in the mouth infection. But they routinely go together, so keeping a healthy mouth may influence other health conditions.
- There are many other diseases and conditions in the mouth; we are going to focus on just 3
- There are many other oral health issues that are less common, but still require care.
- Healthy teeth have strong enamel without discoloration or holes. Healthy teeth are held in place by gum tissue and bones. Humans get two sets of teeth; 20 primary (deciduous or baby teeth), followed by 32 adult, permanent teeth. Primary teeth serve as important role in chewing, speaking, holding space until the permanent teeth are ready. Keeping primary teeth healthy and in place as long as possible is important; keeping adult, permanent teeth healthy and in place is also very important.
- Decay can occur on any tooth, but molar teeth (in the back) with their chewing surface are particularly vulnerable. Food particles get caught in grooves and bacteria then break down the food to produce acids that can damage the tooth enamel. Fluoride, if available, can help repair early damage. Cavities start on the outside enamel, but can get larger, if untreated, and move through the different inside layers of the tooth. A severe cavity can become an abscessed or infected tooth, which can result in a blood-borne infection to other parts of the body, particularly in the head.
- Many factors combine to cause tooth decay. Some can be changed (diet, fluoride, oral hygiene habits); some cannot (age, family history) Supporting clients to make changes to improve oral health can help their overall health and quality of life.
- Periodontal disease is also an infectious process combined with other factors. When bacteria and their products continually challenge gum tissue, the body reacts with its own defense mechanisms. Sometimes those defenses cause inflammatory responses that actually make matters worse. The inflammatory process can break down gum tissue and if persistent and untreated, can cause bone loss around the tooth. Healthy teeth have healthy gums and bones surrounding them. In periodontal disease, unhealthy gums and bone loss result in loose teeth and lost teeth, if not treated.
- Smoking plays a role in so many diseases. Further, it interferes with healing when people have wounds or surgery to recover from. Smoking is one of the most significant risk factors for gum disease. Hormonal changes during pregnancy, menopause, using birth control can make gum tissue more susceptible to gum disease. Patients with uncontrolled diabetes (generally Type 1 or the juvenile diabetes) have a greater risk for periodontal disease or having their periodontal disease progress. Other illnesses should mean more attention to dental health; better self-care and more routine dental visits
- Heavy Tobacco and heavy alcohol use combine to greatly increase the risk of oral cancer. Tobacco use includes cigarette, cigar, and pipe smoking; smokeless tobacco (spit, chew) are important risk behaviors.
- These are the prevention messages that are most commonly given Caries: brushing with F toothpaste, F varnish, sealants, alleviate dry mouth Perio: No smoking, Bursh, Floss, routine Dental visits Oral cancer: Early detection; donât smoke, limit alcohol
- We cannot completely prevent all oral disease, but there are MANY behaviors that contribute to reducing the chance of these diseases.
- Some health beliefs and attitudes about teeth and dental care you may encounter: âbaby teeth fall out anyway â they donât matterâ; âeverybody loses teeth eventually no matter what they doââ âfluoride causes other health problemsâ âmy children like their sweets â I donât want to take them awayâ â tooth decay will happen no matter what we doâ