How 5G might emerge, and spectrum needs Erol Hepsaydir, Head of Network Technology, Three

1. 5G
Three UK’s View
Prof Dr Erol Hepsaydir
Head of RAN and Device Strategy & Architecture
Three UK

2. Coverage
Operational
Performance
Capacity Speed
Spectrum Deployment Operations Technology
Bandwidth Site acquisition Self Organising 3GPP
Low, High Antennas Performance Cost vs Technology Balance

3. Traffic Growth.
Demand for data continues to grow. Operators need to
find new ways of providing for the capacity growth.
Source: Ericsson Mobility Report November 2015

4. 5G
High
Availability
Energy
Saving
Increased
Connected
Devices
Massive
Capacity
Increase
Low
Latency
Average
Speed
Increase
Backward
compatibility
Harmonisation Low Cost
Requirements

5. 5
E2E 5G – It is not only a new radio Interface
Radio
Flexible air interface/New Modulation
Interference Management/Full Duplex
Massive MIMO
Spectrum – existing bands, mmWave, channel modelling
Flexible resource utilisation
Backhaul – Fibre, Wireless, self backhauling, Latency, Sync
New Network Architecture/ Virtualisation – SDN, NFV, C-RAN
New codec – Voice/Video
Technology
Deployment
Services
Devices
Human – Human
Device – Device
Human – Device
Plug and Play
Small cells, HetNet
Mobile base stations
Longer battery life
Powerful processors
Higher resolution displays
Operations
New performance metrics
Backward compatibility
Automated management, eSON
Analytics, User experience
5G

6. Shannon’s Limit
C ≈ W ⋅ n ⋅ log2(1+SINR)
More Spectrum More Antennas Interference
Management
Efficient use of
spectrum, New
licensed spectrum,
LAA, High
frequency bands
4T4R diversity,
MIMO techniques,
increased number
of sectors
Radio optimisation
Adv Receivers,
Interfernce cancelr,
Interfrnc manag,
FeICIC

7. 3GPP Evolution towards 5G
2010 2012 2014 2016 2018 2020
Release
8,9
Release
10,11
Release
12
Release
13
Release
14
Release
15
LTE
(>100Mbps)
LTE – A
(>300Mbps)
LTE – Adv/Pro
(>1Gbps)
5G
(>5Gbps)
OFDMA
2x2 MIMO
20MHz
CA
4x4MIMO
HetNet
VoLTE
eMBMS
C-RAN
256QAM
Large MIMO
Large CA
LAA
NFV
5G Demo
New Air Interface
Massive MIMO
Full Duplex
mmWave
eHetNet
R15 based 5G trials
Release
16

8. 8
Spectrum
• higher pathloss, shorter reach
• more sensitive to Doppler effect
• huge atmospheric attenuation
• increased inbuilding penetration loss
• new channel models needed
• line-of-sight becomes more crucial
• non-LoS links 10s of dBs weaker than LoS
• Licensed or Unlicensed or both
• Larger bandwidths at high frequencies offer higher user speeds, however
• New (higher!) frequencies have challenges:
There is significant amount of high frequency spectrum available in high frequency bands
Therefore
Global harmonization of 5G spectrum is essential
3.6 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 GHz
Visible
Light

9. New Network Architecture
There would be 3 different deployment scenarios:
• Outdoor – macro, micro, picocells, femtocells
• Indoor – DAS, Smallcells
• Mobile cells – Femtocells, relays
Fibre access and new wireless backhaul will be significant part of 5G networks
Source: IEEE ComSoc

10. Backhaul Support
• New 5G architecture will
be comprised of many
small cells
• 5G will require large
bandwidth for backhaul
connectivity to support
high speeds
• For ultra-dense deployment self-backhauling, full
duplex operation and fibre connectivity are becoming
important to balance cost, spectral efficiency and the
performance.
5G will require new thinking of self-backhauling beyond
its current use in 3GPP (4G)
Reference: IEEE ComSoc

11. Technology Timeline
2000 2010 2020 2030
2G GSM/GPRS/EDGE
3G WCDMA/HSPA+
5G
/////
////////
//////// Research/Standardisation
Commercial Deployment
Data
Traffic
New Spectrum 2.3/3.4GHz
Small Cell deployment kicks off
LTE-Adv/Pro Deployment
Large scale Deploymnt
Proposals to ITU
IMT2020 Specification
3GPP R16
Network and Devices
//////// 4G LTE/LTE-Adv/LTE-Adv Pro

12. Practicality.
Deployment
Cost
Self configure
Self -
heal
Self -
opti
mise
Self -
config
ure
Complexity
Automation
Architecture
Scalability
Flexibility
Operability
Spectrum
Licensed, Unlicensed
Backhaul
Fibre, microwave

13. Conclusion.
• 5G to deliver
• More efficient use of resources to deliver IoT
• 5G will require new thinking of self-backhauling beyond its current use in
3GPP (4G)
• Automation, enhanced SON
• Big data, enhanced user experience
• Devices
• Reduced cost
• Spectrum
• Bandwidth is limited at low frequencies which will be 4.5G next 5-10 years
which may then be re-farmed to 5G.
• Larger bandwidths are available at high frequencies with several
propagation challenges where 5G can deliver high speeds and reliability.
• Has to be
• Harmonised
• Backward compatible
• Easy to deploy and operate
• Low Cost

14. Thank you.