best slides of punctuation

1. Punctuation
Tayyaba Maher
BEDF19M015
BS.EDUCATION-2
Language skills
University Of Sargodha
Department of Education

2. Why do we use punctuation?
We use
punctuation
marks:
To separate
groups of
meaning
and
emphasis.
To convey
an idea of
the
variations of
pitch,
volume,
pauses, and
intonation
of speech.
To help
avoid
contextual
anxiety.

3. Types of Punctuation
Full stop/period
Ellipses marks
Comma
Colon
Semi colon
Question mark

4. Types of Punctuation
Exclamation mark
Quotation marks
Parentheses
Apostrophe
Hyphen and Dash
Brackets

5. Full Stop/Period.
Periods at
the ends of
sentences
Declarative
sentence
Mild
command
Indirect
question
Courteous
request Periods
with
abbrevia
tions
Periods
in
countin
g.

6. Commas ,
To avoid confusion, use commas to separate words
Use a comma to separate two adjectives
Use commas before the name or title of a person directly addressed.
Use a comma to separate the day of the month from the year and after the year.
When starting a sentence with a weak clause, use a comma after it.
Use a comma to separate two strong clauses joined by a conjunction
Use the comma to separate two sentences if it helps to avoid confusion.
Use commas to introduce direct quotations shorter than three lines.
Use a comma to separate a statement from a question.
Use a comma to separate contrasting parts of a sentence.

7. Before a series
Before a list
Before a long quotation
Between special independent clauses
After a salutation
In time designations
Directs attention to an appositive
Separates titles and subtitles.
Colons :

8. Semicolons ;
Use semicolons correctly in your writing.
Between independent clauses
Before conjunctive adverbs
In a series
In compound sentences
In a series containing commas
We sometimes use a semi-colon instead of a
full stop or period.

9. Dashes _
Often precedes the attribution of a quotation.
To show an afterthought.
To show a pause or break in meaning in the middle of a sentence.
To introduce a list.
With a sudden change of thought
Before a summarizing statement

10. Hyphens-
In word division
To join words
to show that
their meaning
is linked in
some way.
In compound
words
When writing
numbers 21 to
99, and
fractions.
To show that a
word has been
broken at the
end of a line.
After prefixes

11. Quotation Marks “”
With direct quotations
Within quotations
With other punctuation marks
With special or unconventional words
With titles(Title or name of a book, film, ship etc.)
Use quotation marks around a word or phrase that we want to make
“special” in some way.

12. Explain or clarify.
Indicate plural or singular.
Add a personal comment.
Define abbreviations
Enclose numerals that confirm a written number in a
text.
Parentheses( )

13. Marks omission
of letters in
contracted
words.
In time and
money
In plurals
Marks omission
of digits in
numbers.
Apostrophes ’

14. Question Mark?
Ends a direct question.
Use a question mark when a sentence
is half statement and half question.

15. Exclamation Mark !
To indicate strong feelings or a raised voice in speech.
Many interjections need an exclamation mark.
A non-question sentence beginning with “what” or “how” is
often an exclamation.
Informal writing.

16. Ellipsis …
The three-dot
method is used
for ellipsis
marks. Use no
more than three
marks whether
the omission
occurs in the
middle of a
sentence or
between
sentences.

17. Brackets( )
To add
clarification
and
information.
Set off
phonetics
symbols and
transcriptions.
To add
missing
words.
To modify a
direct
quotation
For nesting.

18. Any
Question?

19. Thank You