PEST MAANAGEMENT

1. SUBMITTED TO,
Prof. (Dr.) THOMAS ABRAHAM
DEPARTMENT OF AGRONOMY
ALLAHABAD SCHOOL OF AGRICULTURE

2. Group no.:xii

3. light
water
crop
nutrients
Weeds
&
diseases
harvest
yield
Market yield
storage pests
crop pests
Disease 26 %
Weeds 33 %
Insects 26 %

4. A pest may be defined as
any organism that interferes
with production of the crop.In
spite of the general category
of pests such as insects,
diseases and weeds,there are
many other types including
nematodes, arthropods etc.
What is Pest?????
The level of
damage, or
potential damage,
that is equal to the
Cost of Control, the
pest is considered
to be at Economic
Injury Level.

5. Why Pest Management in OF:-
To minimize losses
To minimize environmental pollution
To approach towards sustainability
Maintain quality as well as quantity of produce
Decrease Bio-hazards created in the food chain due to presence
of Chemicals
Nullify the negative Effects of Green Revolution
Ensuring Food Security
Controlling the pest and insects getting Resistant to chemicals,
etc.

6. The How And Why Behind its Psychology and Working
The
physiology
and
morphology
of the insect
About the
infecting
Strategies
of pest
Pest
management
Natural
enemies of
the pest
concerned
Farmer

8. Management / control of rodents(Rats)
Prepare
concentrated sugar
solution
Dip cotton in that
sugar solution
Dry it in sun, and place
the pieces of it in various
part of the field
When Rats consume it,
it will hamper the
Appetite and pathology
of the rat
Few rats dies few
will suffer a
serious pain
The will leave the
locality and so the
colony
Rats are social
animals, lives in
colony

9. Biological
measures
Behavioural
Measures
Cultural
Measures
Pest
Management

11. Pheromones
KairomoneImmuno-
contraception

12. • Pheromones: chemical substances used by
animals (mainly insects) to communicate
– Moths and bark beetles
• Kinds
– aggregation
– sexual - released by females to attract males
: -

13. A Kairomone is a semiochemical
mediating Inter-specific interaction
emitted by an organism that benefits an
individual of another species which
receives it, without benefitting the emitter.
Kairomone can be utilized as an
'attracticide' to lure a pest species
to a location containing pesticide.

14. • Vaccine that reduces fertility
– Glycoproteins (ZPG) inhibit egg fertilization
• Effective against wildlife populations

15. BIOLOGICAL PEST
CONTROL
There are many beneficial insects, birds; animals
that help suppress the population of insect pest.
Providing them home and habitat within your farm will
greatly lessen Incidents of serious infestation.
Bacteria, yeast and fungus (BYM) that fight bad
bacteria and fungus; and damage the egg as well as
adult insect-pests can be very helpful at low cost
while renewable as they live and grow.

16. The natural agents control the
pest through:
PREDATION – Killing
& Eating
PARASITIZATION -
Feeding
INFECTION -Disease

17. Predators such as ladybird beetle,
spiders, dragonflies and mites.
Parasites such as Trichogramma,
Braconids
Pathogens such as bacteria and fungi
which cause diseases to pest.

18. *
Trichogramma
Braconid
Pirate bug
Spiders
Praying Manthis
Birds
Frogs

20. Chemical Methods
Pesticide applications that have minimal
risks associated with their use.
Using the least amount of chemicals that
will still be effective

21. Advantages Of PM
Reduce chemicals being used
May reduce percentage of pesticide
resistant insects
Only uses chemicals if necessary
Long term benefits (lower cost for chemicals,
better for environment and human health)

22. Individual using PM must be educated about
the options
Takes more time to initiate than simply
“spraying for pests”
Must be closely monitored for best results
Natural enemies of pests may become pests
themselves

23. 1. Pests of Rice
Green leafhopper:
•Use resistant varieties like IR 50, CR 1009, Co 46, PTB 2
and PTB 18.
•Nursery should not be raised near the lamp posts
•Apply neem cake @ 12.5 kg/20 cent nursery as basal dose
•Maintain the water level at 2.5 cm for 3 days

25. 2. Pests of Cotton
Cotton aphid
(Aphis gossypii)
Release biocontrol
agents viz., Coccinellid
beetle Monochilus
sexmaculatus and Coccinella
septumpunctataand Aphelinus
mali, A. flavipes.
•Predators - Phylloscopus tristis
•Monitor the nymphs and adults
of early season sucking pests from
the 14th day after sowing.

26. •3. Pests of Sugarcane
Shoot borer (Chilo infuscatellus)
•Resistant varieties: CO 312, CO 421, CO 661, CO 917
and CO 853
•Planting – December – January escapes the incidence
•Intercrop: Daincha – low shoot borer incidence
•Earthing up – 30th day
•Trash mulching: 10 – 15 cm thickness on 3 days after
planting
•Ensure adequate moisture
•Remove and destroy dead hearts
•Tachinid parasite: Sturmiopsis inferens @ 125 gravid
females

27. 4. Pests of Sorghum
•Shootfly (Atherigona varia soccata)
•Use resistant varieties like Co-1, CSH 15R, Maldandi
and Hagari.
•Sow the sorghum immediately after the receipt of monsoon
rain to minimise the shoot fly damage.
•Use higher seed rate (12.5 kg/ha) and remove the shoot fly damaged
seedlings at the time of thinning or raise nursery and transplant only
healthy seedlings.
•Pull out plants showing dead hearts and destroy at the time of thinning.
•Set up hanging type of plastic fishmeal trap @ 12/ha till that is 30 days
old.
•Release larval parasitoids viz., Tetrastichus nyemitavus, T.
coimbaborensis, Callitula sp., Diaulinopsis sp.,
•Pupal parasitoid - Cratalpiella sp.
•Predator - Abrolophus sp.

28. No chemicals
Low input
Better quality Sustainability
With the help of nature get
benefited