Think Grain Think Feed August issue

Volume 3 | Issue 10
August-2017
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EDITORIAL COMMITTEE
Marketing & Designing
Ashwani Verma
Circulation & Subscription Head
Rahul Bhardwaj
Dr. Dinesh T. Bhosale
Former Chairman, CLFMA of India
Mr. Amit Sachdev
Indian Representative, US Grain Council
Dr. P.E. Vijay Anand
US Soybean Export Council
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Subject Matter Specialist, Animal Nutrition,
MAFSU, Parbhani
Dr. SN Mohanty
Former Principal Scientist, CIFA
Dr. Meeta Punjabi Mehta
Agricultural Economist
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Feed Additive Expert
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Lead Consultant, GS Dairy Farm Consulting
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Assistant Professor, Dept. of ILFC,
SKUAST-J, Jammu
www.thinkgrainthinkfeed.co.in
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Managing Editor
Dr. T.K. Walli
Former Head,
Dairy Cattle Nutrition, NDRI
EDITORIAL
ustard, a crop whose seeds and oil
are traditionally used in everyday
Mcooking in India, is coming closer to
being the country's first transgenic food crop. It also happens to be the
feed crop, as mustard oilseed cake is widely used as a protein source for
feeding ruminants in India. In India, the University of Delhi's Centre for
Genetic Manipulation of Crop Plants has developed the GM mustard.
The goal is to allow plant breeders to develop higher-yielding hybrids
of the largely self-pollinating crop. One strain of the bioengineered
mustard contains genes from a soil bacterium that cause male flowers
to be sterile. Breeders can then pollinate these plants with a strain
genetically modified to restore fertility in the resultant hybrids.
India's top biotechnology regulator earlier approved the
commercial cultivation of genetically modified (GM) mustard.
However, before the seeds are released for sowing, India's environment
ministry has to discuss the pros and cons of this important decision and
then only approve recommendation of the Genetic Engineering
Appraisal Committee, the government body that evaluates GM crops
On 11 May 2017, genetically modified (GM) mustard has been
cleared by Ministry of Environment's Genetic Engineering Appraisal
Committee (GEAC) of India for commercial cultivation. According to
the Safety Assessment Report of the Sub-Committee on GE Mustard,
the bioinformatics analysis data for assessing potential risk of food
allergy due to the presence of Bar, Barnase and Barstar transgenic
proteins in GE mustard was published in peer reviewed journal,
wherein, the authors concluded that none of these three transgenic
proteins fall under allergen category, thus this specific publication was
one of the key evidence for GEAC clearance of GM mustard.
In their study, the authors have performed some bioinformatics
comparisons of the primary amino acid sequence of the transgenic
proteins in question with the primary amino acid sequences of the
known allergens listed in Allergenonline.org and NCBI Entrez protein
database. Based on these comparisons, the authors concluded that
these proteins are unlikely to present any significant risk of food allergy
to consumers. The authors also recommended not to perform any
human serum IgE testing to further evaluate possible binding to the
Bar, Barnase or Barstar proteins.
India's Supreme Court is hearing a case seeking a moratorium on
commercial release of the mustard. The Ministry of Environment,
Forest & Climate Change has stated it will abide by the court's decision.
If accepted, the mustard will be the second GM crop to be approved for
cultivation and the first GM food crop. India approved the cultivation of
transgenic cotton in 2002. Currently, India depends heavily on imports
to meet its enormous demand for edible oils, including mustard oil.
TK Walli
Think Grain Think Feed - Volume 3 | Issue 10 | August 2017
Mustard comes closer to
becoming India's next
genetically modified crop

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RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT
05
ARTICLE
EVENT CALENDAR - 30
MARKET SURVEY
UPCOMING EVENTS
INTERVIEW
Innovative feed transforming
Chile salmon sector
Quality Standards in Animal
Feed Industry
06
10 Science of silo storage
PELLETING TIPS
14
MYCOTOXIN SURVEY
16 Mycotoxin survey indicates
higher global risks in corn
Maize quality
preservation in Tropics
18
28
EVENT COVERAGE
Market prediction for
animal feed enzyme industry
Asia Nutrition Forum 2017
announcement
26-28 October
2017
15-16 September
2017
Da ryINDUSTRY EXP 2017
The Farming & Processing Event

Lowering the use of marine raw
materials coming from wild catch has
been a long-term objective for the feed
industry and the offer of alternatives is
expanding, said Danish feed firm
BioMar.
Lower availability of marine raw
material and consumers preferences
has pushed Biomar to look for
resources that allow to reduce the
pressure on the marine resources.
Development of raw materials is
important for the sustainability of the
industry in the future.
Biomar has an exclusive agreement to
distribute AlgaPrime DHA microalgae-
based feed ingredient globally.
AlgaPrime DHA, developed by Bunge
and TerraVia, is a sustainable source of
omega-3s, which is responsible for the
product's industry-low forage fish
dependency ratio (FFDR) of 0.5
kilograms. FFDR is a metric used to
evaluate how many kilograms of wild
fish are needed to produce one kilo of
farmed fish. Average FFDR per salmon
in Chile is 1.3:1.
Development in feed composition
There are diets that include alternative
raw materials, such as algae oils, which
allow to replace fish oil, without salmon
losing its content of omega-3.
The algae oil allows to replace fishoil,
also if not to 100% yet, while it is
possible to produce diets with 0% of
R&D
05
Innovative feed transforming
Chile salmon sector
fishmeal, which was not possible a decade ago.
At present the firm was producing product lines of
lower diets for salmon that have no fishmeal at all,
which give it great flexibility to always changing raw
material market.
Discussing about other alternative ingredients, BioMar
Group's Chile managing director, Eduardo Hagedorn
pointed to trimmings of different types and other raw
materials in the pipeline as insect meal.
"Today the use of diets with higher energy levels that
improve the productive cycle in the sea and the factor
of converting feed into kilos of salmon meat is a
challenge," he said, noting that innovation in the use of
raw material has been expanded and would also drive
innovation in the future.
He stressed that the FFDR per salmon in Chile had
dropped in some cases below 1:1; for Silverside down to
the level of 0.5:1. This shows that salmon has become a
net producer of marine protein and not a net consumer
of protein, Hegedorn said.
Antibiotics
Consumption of antibiotics in 2016 decreased 31% year-
on-year and it is expected to further decrease in 2017,
Hagedorn observed.
The industry has taken a holistic approach to reduce the
antibiotic utilization, according to Hagedorn. Disease
detection and fast reaction have proven to be key
factors to successful treatments while farming practices,
genetics and strengthening fish health status through
functional nutrition are helping the industry to decrease
the use of antibiotics through prevention.
Different actors of the industry are investing a lot in
research on this, so we expect to see further
improvements in the near future, Hagedorn said.
Source: Undercurrentnews
ImageSource:Graintec

ARTICLE Think Grain Think Feed - Volume 3 | Issue 10 | August 2017
06
As per the data shared by National
Dairy Development Board (NDDB) (Feb
2017:PIB), the dairy cooperative
network in the country produces about
3.6 million tonnes per annum of cattle
feed, against the installed capacity of
about 5 million tonnes per annum
across 70 cattle feed plants. The private
sector produces an additional 4.5
million tonnes of feed, which totals up
to 8 million tonnes per annum,
sufficient for only about 8 million cattle
out of more than 100 million breed-
able animals in the country. Thus, one can access the
large gap in the quantity of feed required that is still to
be scaled. Comes with the need of feed production, a
regulatory framework in place to ensure the quality of
the feed produced.
Faced with the demand for increasing nutritive value of
the feed with limited resources of land and capital, it has
been discovered that unwanted chemicals and
adulterants have been used in animal feeds as it helps
to have high analytical grading for the feed. As per
NDDB data adulterants range from substances such as
groundnut husk to marble dust and poisonous
argemone seeds as well making it more and more
Quality Standards in Animal
Feed Industry
Dr.Prabhakar Maurya, Creative Agri Solutions Pvt Ltd
ImageSource:LaughingCrowCurriculum

07
insightful to follow quality standards
which lay down guidelines for the
manufacturing to marketing of the
animal feed and set up regulations
making it mandatory for feed
manufacturers to abide by the set
standards. Adulteration in feed is
directly related to public health
importance as meat and milk are
directly used for human consumption.
The feedstuffs used for feeding
livestock can be classified into three
major classes depending on the
contents of fiber, moisture and
nutrients as: green or succulent forages
or fodders; dry forages or fodders and
concentrate feeds where is maximum
scope for adulteration and hence
maximum requirement for following
the quality control norms.
One of the foremost organizations in the world with
respect to animal feed industry the American Feed
Industry Association. (AFIA) has defined feed quality-
control programs as: “All actions directed towards
ensuring the product meets the specifications
established by the manufacturer”. Any good feed
quality-control program contains four components:
! Ingredient quality
! Process control
! Finished feed quality
! Control of toxic substances, including pathogenic
micro-organisms
Quality Control in Animal Feed
The objective of quality control of feedstuffs is to ensure
that a consumer should obtain feeds that are
unadulterated, true to their nature and produce desired
results. Quality control is therefore, defined as the
maintenance of quality at levels and tolerances
acceptable to the buyer while minimizing the cost of
processing.
It has to be recognized that feed safety is not the only
element that determines the safety of food of animal
origin, but that the use of other products, such as drugs
and growth promoters (hormones and beta-agonists),
also has an impact. Although nutritional quality is
important for a common policy in the industry, the main
concern is feed safety as part of food safety.
Quality has been defined as “Degree to whicha set of
inherent characteristics fulfils requirements”. This clearly
indicates that achieving quality means fulfilling
requirements. The requirements may come from
customers and in some cases from regulatory
authorities. Usually quality is verified by comparison
with a known standard. In view of this, monitoring of
quality control at different points has been classified as
under:
1. Quality control of raw materials and finished
products
2. Quality control during storage
3. Quality control during production
Quality Control Legislations in Indian Feed Industry:
In the organized sector, animal feed business is quite
competitive and feed manufacturers therefore endeavor
to produce feed of the highest possible quality.
Most of industries are advocating HACCP-hazard
analysis critical control point measures to ensure safe
feeds. Indian scientists are constantly working to
upgrade the quality of Indian feed and make it
completely safe for animal feeding.
In India the quality control is regulated by to a statuary
body Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS). It was
established under BIS Act, 1986. Earlier, Indian standards

08
Institute was regulating the quality
control of various feed commodities.
Bureau has set up subcommittees for
the standardization of different types of
commodities. A sub-committee on
animal feeds called Animal Feeds
Sectional Committee has been
specifically set up to check the quality
of animal feeds and feed ingredients.
The members of animal feeds sectional
committee are the eminent nutritionist
taken from the:ICAR institutes; State
Agricultural Universities; Feed Industry,
Government departments having
specialization in Animal Nutrition and
Feed Technologist concerned with
Animal Husbandry Activities. It ensures
expert scientific inputs.
The Government of India is empowered
with registration act on the Agricultural
produce (Grading and Marketing),
known as 'AGMARK' standards to fix
quality standards and prescribe terms
and conditions for using the seal,
'AGMARK'.
Government is also taking control
measures by legislation to ensure
quality and safe feeds at controlled
cost. Many regulations have been put
forward from time to time to ensure
quality standards in animal feed viz:
! The Prevention of Black Marketing
and Maintenance of Supplies of
Essential Commodities Act,1980
! The Standards of Weights and
Measures (Packaged Commodities)
Rules,1977
! The Consumer Protection Act,1986
! Schedule of Tariff Values of the
Articles Liable to Cess for 2006-07
! Agricultural Produce Cess Act,1940
! Edible Oils Packaging (Regulation)
Order,1998
! The Prevention of Food
Adulteration Rules,1955
The latest legislation in this respect is
Cattle Feed (Regulation of Manufacture
and Sale) Order, 2009. The nodal
organization involved in India towards
developing interlinkages between industry academia
and other sectors towards feed manufacturing practices
and setting quality norms is Compound Livestock Feed
Manufacturers' Association (CLFMA).
Quality Control for Feed Safety at International Level
International Feed Safety Alliance (IFSA) is a joint
program initiated in order to combine the existing feed
ingredients quality programs into one program that can
operate across the world with one set of standards. To
comply with the standards of IFSA, the participants will
need to apply the principles of Hazard Analysis (HACCP)
and Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP).
Under WTO ,SPS Article 3 which deals with
Harmonization encourages use of international
standards for food safety & animal health i.e. codex.
Important Codex guidelineson feed safety include:
! Classification of foods & animal feeds (CAC/Misc 4
– 93)
! Codex General standard for contaminants in foods
& feeds (Codex stan193-1995)
! MRLs for pesticides (CAC/MRL 1-2009); veterinary
drug (2-2009), extraneous MRLs (CAC/MRL 3-2001)
! Code of Practice on reduction of dioxin & dioxin-
like PCB contamination in foods & feeds (CAC/RCP
62-2006)
! Code of practice for reduction of aflatoxin B1 in raw
material & supplemental feeding stuffs for milk
producing animals (CAC/RCP 45-1997)
! Code of practice on good animal feeding (CAC/RCP
54-2004)
! Principles for traceability/ product tracing as a tool
within a food inspection & certification system
(CAC/GL 60 – 2006)
Way Forward:
Quality norms followed by Indian feed industry needs to
be aligned with the international standards to have
more credibility. The legislations already in place need
to be updated with the changing industry needs and a
more vigil regulatory framework can be put in place to
ensure the adherence to the legislations. The availability
of cheaper raw materials can help to attain self-
sustenance in animal feed production and maintaining
of international quality norms can open business
possibilities of export as well. Availability of good animal
feed can not only increase the animal productivity but
also the quality of their progeny which can be an
important intervention in breed improvement.
Adherence of quality norms for animal feed production
will also ensure a positive step to the public health
aspect related to it.
ARTICLE

10
Can you please share the history of
more than a decade old Indian
storage & milling industry? How has
the industry evolved over the years?
Silo's storage technology came to
Indian industry more than 3 decades
back, but the growth was very slow in
early years. It started with soya industry
which stored soy bean before crushing.
Feed milling industry followed
thereafter to set-up the silo storage
plants for the storage of the corn. The
paddy-rice and flour milling industry
started adopting this technology in the
last decade. However, it was the wheat
storage project of 650,000 tons capacity
by Food Corporation of India,
commissioned in the Year 2007-08,
which really revolutionized the silo
based storage technology in India.
For the last one decade, this technology is seeing a
double digit growth every year. It is not only the milling
Industry which is converting their warehousing storage
to the silo storage, but the Government sector (Central
as well as State government) are also coming up with the
wheat storage projects on regular intervals. However,
while the current production of grains viz. wheat, paddy,
maize, soy bean, barley, pulses etc. in India is more than
250 Million Tons, the present installed capacity of grain
storage silos is not more that 3 Million Tons. This shows
that there is a huge scope for growth of storage sector in
India.
There are multiple advantages of silos over warehousing,
some of them are listed below:
a. Silo storage requires just 1/4th of area required for
warehousing
b. The grain wastage is minimal comparatively
c. The quality of stored grain would be better through
What are the competitive advantages of silo storage
over warehouse storage? What are the challenges
that customer face in the silo storage? Please brief
about its economics?
Science of silo storage
Naveen Sareen, GSI
Science of silo storage

11
silo storage, because of pre-
cleaning and drying
d. The overall cost of grain handling
through silo storage is also lower
Silo storage is a science which must be
learnt, if followed correctly the ROI can
be much better. Some of the points
which must be considered while
investing in silo storage are as follows:
a. The grain to be stored in silos must
be dry (having less than 12 %
moisture), if the storage period is
more than a month. However, for a
storage period of less than a
month, it can be stored around 13-
14% moisture . Grain storage at
higher moisture for long term will
not only lead to infestation of grain
but also affect the quality of the
galvanized wall sheets of silos.
b. The warehouse are much easier to
build, whereas silos require
experience to build as well as to run, as there are
other equipments like elevators and chain
conveyors are also involved, which are integral part
of a grain silo project.
c. If the storage capacity requirement is less than
10000 tons, it may be cheaper to build up a
warehouse but beyond 10000 tons of grain
storage, silo storage will be more economical to
build-up.
d. Conventional warehouse can be operated by
support staff with lot of manpower requirement at
the time of unloading & loading of grain, whereas
for running a silo storage plant it requires a few
skilled technical personal with no major
requirement of manpower.
Features that make silo storage different from
conventional warehouse :
a Temperature measurement system- The
temperature of the grain inside the silos can be
continuously monitored through the advanced
grain temperature measurement systems and
any abrupt increase in the grain temperature,
gives an alarm to take the timely corrective
measures in terms of aeration, fumigation,
rotation or chilling of grains.
b Aeration system- The grain can be aerated on
regular intervals to keep its temperature lower
and hence reduce risk of infestation.
c Fumigation system- For long term grain storage
especially in tropical weather conditions like in
India, the aeration may work to a certain level .
However, to preserve the quality of the grain
over a storage period of 3- 4 months, the grain
can be fumigated.
d Chiller- For storage of grain over long term, an
alternate solution can be the use of chilling
technology wherein the temperature of the
stored grain can be brought down to around
12-15 deg C by using grain coolers or chillers to
preserve the quality of grain. This is more
relevant for the longer period of storage of
grains likes corn and white rice which sometime
need to be stored at a higher moisture of around
13-14 percent which may become a challenge to
achieve with aeration and fumigation systems.
e With increasing demand of silo storage
technology, plants are being built and operated
in different geographical weather conditions all
over the country, across all the grain sectors (like
wheat, paddy, maize, soya bean etc.), there is an
urgent need to establish safe operating
parameters.

INTERVIEW Think Grain Think Feed - Volume 3 | Issue 10 | August 2017
12
Could you please elaborate on the
role of pre-cleaning, drying and
other processes for feed grain
storage?
Please list the maintenance tips that
you would like to share with end
users?
The pre-cleaning and drying play a very
relevant role in silo storage, especially
while designing the plants for a country
like India wherein the major harvesting
is being done using conventional
methods and the grain harvested from
the field at higher moisture have higher
percentage of impurities like sand, dust,
chaff, stones, etc. Processes like pre-
cleaning and drying reduce the wear
and tear of milling and handling
machinery, prevent grain spoilage,
reduces the aeration cost which all lead
to economical and better quality end-
product.
As mentioned earlier, silo storage is
more about understanding the science
of storage. There are various factors
which should be in check while
operating the silos. Following are the
tips for better maintenance:
a). Level sensor should be in working
condition
b}. Silo should be sealed properly to
avoid water seepage from base
c). Aeration should be performed continuously after
complete coverage of aeration floor sheets or at
least first ring completion during filling
d). Temperature of the stored grain should be checked
on regular interval
e). Aeration should be avoided in humid weather
f). Firstly, the grain should be unloaded by gravity
from the central outlet, thereafter with outlets next
to the center and so on till the grain stops coming
out. Finally the remaining grain has to be
discharged using sweep auger
g). Safety procedure like use of safety harness while
entering the silo should be strictly followed
GSI has always been a preferred supplier for the silos
globally, considering their manufacturing quality
standard and the safety features incorporated in its silo
design. The company came to India in the year 2003-04,
when it build-up its first paddy silo storage project for
around 60,000 tons storage capacity near Gurgaon.
Since that time the company has started its operations
in India, having supplied silos to the most prominent
players of the milling industry like ADM, Cargill, Japfa,
Godrej Agrovet, Venky's, Suguna etc. Five year back, GSI
established its operations in India and build-up a strong
team of professionals which believe in serving the
customer with best quality.
What makes GSI stand ahead of its competition, as
many national and international players are serving
the market before its entrance in India?
Warehouse storage v/s Silo Storage

PELLETING TIPS
14
Maize quality
preservation in Tropics
Dr Naveen Kumar, Delst
The production of maize can be
increased either by expanding acreage
or by increasing the yield per hectare.
But, it is very important that whatever
we produce, must be used most
efficiently and the losses need to be
minimized. The average loss incurred
during the post-harvest storage of
maize is around ~7 percent. Part of
this loss can definitely be arrested by
adopting proper storage technology.
As it is well known, the molds like
Aspergillus can colonize and
contaminate maize very quickly during
the storage. The moisture present in
stored maize along with temperature
and humidity in the environment
favors its growth. The beginning of
Aspergillus contamination in maize
also triggers pest infestation and
biodegradation. Aspergillus excretes
toxins like Aflatoxins in the grain, which is of major
concern as it has potential carcinogenic effect on
humans and animals. With the growing concern over
food safety, Aflatoxins are now closely monitored
throughout the supply chain of food and feed
processing industry, which has negatively impacted
the maize prices.
In the last 2 decades, the poultry industry has shown
excellent growth which is now capable of producing
2.5 kg of broiler meat at 35 days of age and white egg
layers producing 330 eggs in 52 weeks. In India, maize
or other grains, which are unfit for human
consumption, are generally used in animal rations. But
with the improved productivity, use of contaminated
maize is no more an option for the livestock industry
and even the immunity of farm animals is now almost
all time low.
Higher moisture content (free water) in the maize
results in moisture migration (along with spontaneous
heating) due to day and night temperature differential
in the stored mass. This is a major reason for mold
ImageSource:VideoBlocks

15
infestation that triggers spoilage process. This signifies
the importance of maize drying. But unfortunately, the
technology is quite expensive and its availability and
accessibility to the maize growers and stockers is also
very limited.
Grain to retain the moisture
The solution lies in deliquescent technology, the
technology is used currently in all seasons. It helps the
grain to retain the moisture and thus stops moisture
discharge from the endosperm, thus nipping the bud
of mold formation even before it could start. As it
prevents migration of free water thus also saves on
pest management. The technology can save ~7
percent of what would have been lost otherwise.
Moreover, this is an organic as well as non-toxic
material, and even available at a exponentially lesser
cost than mold inhibition, aeration, fumigation and
other such methods.
Though in recent years, private players are much more
aware about the quality preservation during storage
and also its importance, but lack of the basic
infrastructure is certainly a concern for grain storage.
To resolve the problem, it needs to be readdressed, by
decentralizing and storage of grain in a more
sustainable and cost effective manner, at the farmer
level. This technology certainly has the potential.

MYCOTOXIN SURVEY
16
Deoxynivalenol and fumonisins
continue to top list of most prevalent
mycotoxins worldwide.
Mycotoxin-related threats to livestock
production have remained elevated in
most regions of the world. Over 33000
analyses were conducted on 8452
finished feed and raw commodity
samples sourced from 63 countries
from January to June 2017, covering
common components used for feed
such as corn, wheat, barley, rice,
soybean meal, corn gluten meal, dried
distillers grains (DDGS) and silage,
among others.
According to BIOMIN, the main trends emerging from
the survey include:
! Deoxynivalenol (DON) and fumonisins (FUM)
continue to top the list of most prevalent
mycotoxins worldwide, as they are found in 81%
and 71% of samples, respectively.
! Countries analyzed throughout the Western
Hemisphere all registered as high risk in terms of
mycotoxin-related threats to animals.
! Most countries in Asia showed an increased risk
of mycotoxin contamination in the second
quarter, compared to the first quarter of 2017.
Top threats
Overall, deoxynivalenol and fumonisins were detected
in 81% and 71% of all samples at average levels of 798
ppb and 1,840 ppb, respectively. Out of all samples,
52% were contaminated by zearalenone. Aflatoxins, T-
2 and OTA were present in 26%, 19% and 18%% of
samples, respectively (Figure 1).
Co-contamination
A full 94% of all samples contained at least one
Mycotoxin survey indicates
higher global risks in corn
26%
52%
81%
19%
71%
18%
1
0,8
0,6
0,4
0,2
0
PercentageofSamples
Afla ZEN DON T-2 FUM OTA
All Regions - Prevalence of mycotoxins detected on All Samples
Figure 1. Occurence of mycotoxins worldwide in January to June 2017
ImageSource:Plusvet

17
mycotoxin, and 76% of all samples
contained two or more mycotoxins
(Figure 2).
Results for corn
The most common mycotoxins found
in corn (maize) samples analyzed from
January to June 2017 were FUM (90%),
followed by DON (84%) and
zearalenone (49%).
“Trends in finished feed risk tend to
match corn risk over time due to the
prominence of corn, or maize, in
animal feed,” explained Dr. Timothy
Jenkins, mycotoxin risk management
product manager at BIOMIN. “The
corn risk varies by region, with FUM
issues more common in warmer
conditions, whereas DON was more
common in cooler regions.”
Results for soybeans
DON was the most prevalent
mycotoxin found in soybean samples
worldwide (79%), followed by
zearalenone (73%). T-2 toxin,
aflatoxins and FUM were detected in
39%, 38% and 26% of samples,
respectively.
“In the last year-and-a-half, we've seen
a marked increase in the mycotoxin
contamination of South American soy
and soy byproducts,” Jenkins said.
Multiple mycotoxin presence
Consistent with results noted in the
first quarter of 2017, more than three-
quarters of samples analyzed
contained two or more mycotoxins,
which presents additional risks.
Certain combinations of mycotoxins are known to
have synergistic effects that aggravate the negative
consequences for animals.
“Subclinical symptoms often related to the main
fusarium mycotoxins — DON, zearalenone and FUM
— can be difficult to detect but have a greater
economic impact for the industry,” Jenkins said.
“Poorer feed efficiency and low growth rates are
associated with the presence of low-level multiple
mycotoxin contamination.”
Jenkins offered some advice on mitigating the risk
associated with mycotoxins. “Avoid contaminated feed
when possible, and pay attention to feed storage
conditions. Given the widespread occurrence of
mycotoxins globally, further steps may be warranted,”
he suggested.
“Despite the most strenuous efforts to prevent
mycotoxins from occurring, mycotoxin contamination
of feedstuffs still occurs. Proven, state-of-the-art
strategies that adsorb or deactivate toxins in the
intestinal tract of animals offer the most reliable, safe
and effective solution,” he added.
The annual Biomin Mycotoxin Survey constitutes the
longest running and most comprehensive survey of its
kind. The survey results provide insights on the
incidence of the six major mycotoxins in the
agricultural commodities used for livestock feed in
order to identify the potential risk posed to livestock
animal production.
Source: Biomin
26%
1
0,8
0,6
0,4
0,2
0
PercentageofSamples
Co-Contamination of mycotoxins on All Samples - samples
tested for at least 3 mycotoxins
18%
76%
<limit of detection 1 mycotoxin more than 1 mycotoxin
Figure 2. Co-occurence of mycotoxins worldwide, January to June 2017
Ceylon Grain Elevators Plc (CGE), Sri
Lanka's leading poultry integrator, has
asked to import corn where licenses
have been issued to third parties,
restricting trade. CGE said in a quarterly
review that hiked price of local corn
and associated import restrictions
persisted during the period under
review, which have directly affected the company's
bottom line.
“Therefore, with the aim of relieving the local corn
supply shortage, appeals have been made to the
government to issue import permits directly to
feedmillers to procure better quality corn at competitive
prices,” it said.
Sri Lanka's leading poultry
integrator seeks corn import permit
INDUSTRYNEWS

18
The animal feed enzymes industry,
which accumulated a revenue of USD
1.1 billion in 2016, is set to surpass
USD$2 billion by 2024, according to
Global Market Insights, Inc.
A drastic change in the consumption
patterns of dairy products and processed
meat is likely to spur animal feed enzymes
market growth. Consumer trends have
also been depicting a change of late, with
regards to the ingestion of protein-rich
food. Not to mention, the growing
consciousness to enhance the fodder
quality is expected to create bright
growth prospects for the business players
who are eager to increase their
geographical presence. Supported by
intensive consumer preferences for the
product over antibiotics, animal feed
enzymes market is slated to expand at a
lucrative growth rate over 2017-2024.
Growth Trajectory
Animal feed enzymes market has
adequately established itself across
myriad geographies. Europe animal feed
enzymes industry, for instance, which is
estimated to garner a revenue of more
than USD 860 million by 2024, will grow at a CAGR of over
6% during 2017-2024. Escalated presence of industry
majors with access to effective distribution network
channels will enhance the regional growth. Widespread
livestock production in the region is also anticipated to
further contribute toward the revenue. As per forecasts,
Spain, Russia, and Germany are expected to catalyse the
business expansion. In fact, Russia animal fed enzymes
industry is expected to accrue a massive revenue, subject to
high pork consumption across the country.
Asia Pacific animal feed enzymes industry, which accrued a
revenue of over USD 220 million in 2016, is set to expand at
the rate of 7.5% over the period from 2017 to 2024.
Increase in the intake of meat in countries such as India,
Japan, and China coupled with rising cognisance about the
livestock ailments will provide a boost to the business.
Execution of stringent food safety norms along with heavy
consumer demand for fodder additives is predicted to
favourably leverage the development of US animal feed
enzymes industry.
Growth in various segments
Livestock such as ruminants, poultry, swine, and
aquaculture are the major consumers of animal feed
enzymes. Poultry, which accounted for over 40% of animal
feed enzymes market share in 2016, is projected to majorly
impact the industry revenue in the coming years. Increase
in the intake of eggs and meat in the form of protein rich
Market prediction for
animal feed enzyme industry
MARKET SURVEY
ImageSource:ExperientialIdeas

19
regarding the health benefits of a fish-based diet will
undeniably impel animal feed enzymes market size from
aquaculture, slated to grow at a cumulative rate of more
than 7.5% over 2017-2024.
Ruminant applications are expected to generate a revenue
of more than USD$450 million by 2024, thereby lucratively
impacting animal feed enzymes industry size. Swine
applications, on the other hand, are forecast to register
gains of more than 6.5% over the coming timeframe with
the growing demand for pork in Asian countries such as
Indonesia, China, and Thailand.
Different types of Enzymes
Animal feed enzymes are available in the liquid and dry
forms. Dry formulation, which contributed to more than
75% of the overall animal feed enzymes market share in
2016, is predicted to drive the segment growth over the
coming years.
Key enzymes
Non-starch polysaccharides, phytase, carbohydrase, and
protease are the key animal feed enzymes products.
Phytase animal feed enzymes market, which made
remarkable contributions of over 40% towards the global
industry size in 2016. Protease market was valued over USD
150 million in 2016. Enhancing proteins that bind starch
within forage ingredients makes more of starch energy
available to the livestock.
Source: Global Market Insights
diet will benefit the segment growth, as
per analysts.
Aquaculture is a relatively profitable
segment of animal feed enzymes industry.
Growing consumer consciousness

20
Factory farming in
Asia creating global health risks
Growth of intensive units has potential
to increase antibiotic resistance and
could result in spread of bird flu
beyond region
The use of antibiotics in factory farms in
Asia is set to more than double in just
over a decade, with potentially
damaging effects on antibiotic
resistance around the world.
Factory farming of poultry in Asia is
also increasing the threat of bird flu
spreading beyond the region, with
more deadly strains taking hold,
according to a new report from a
network of financial investors.
Use of antibiotics in poultry and pig
farms will increase by more than 120%
in Asia by 2030, based on current
trends. Half of all antibiotics globally
are now consumed in China alone.
The growth of Asian meat production in
intensive units is also producing a rise
in greenhouse gas emissions from the
food chain, with emissions likely to rise
by more than 360m tonnes. There are
knock-on impacts such as
deforestation, as China's need for
animal feed is responsible for more
than a third of Brazil's soybean
production.
Asian food companies have rapidly
expanded their meat production in response to growing
populations and the tastes of the rising middle class,
but this expansion has come to the detriment of food
safety.
Jeremy Coller, of Coller Capital, said: “Investors have a
big appetite for the animal protein sector in Asia. But
the growth is driven by a boom in factory farming that
creates problems like emissions and epidemics, abuse of
antibiotics and abuse of labour. Investors must improve
the management of sustainability issues in the Asian
meat and dairy industries if they want to avoid a nasty
bout of financial food poisoning.”
However, the report also found that deploying modern
techniques could assist in reducing the impact of factory
farming – for instance, by using barcodes to enable
consumers to check the provenance of eggs, by
reducing greenhouse gases and improving the health of
livestock.
Avian flu is an increasing threat, with the latest strain to
take hold in China, H7N9, proving more deadly than
previous strains. It has already killed 84% more people
in the four years since its emergence than the H5N1
strain that came to public attention in 2006. Affected
industries in China include suppliers to McDonalds and
Walmart. An outbreak of bird flu in South Korea in 2016-
17 resulted in the cull of a fifth of the country's flock.
The authors of the study recommended that investors
assess the risks of food production in the assets they
hold, as financial firms can persuade the companies they
fund to make improvements in their supply chain.
Source: Guardian
INDUSTRY NEWS

INDUSTRY NEWS Think Grain Think Feed - Volume 3 | Issue 10 | August 2017
22
GM crops bounce back
from 2015 decline
More genetically modified (GM) crops
were planted in 2016 than 2015, but the
adoption of GM agriculture varied
widely across Asia, report says.
Global acceptance of genetically
modified (GM) crops sprang back in
2016 after suffering a decline in 2015,
according to estimates by the
International Service for the Acquisition
of Agri-Biotech Applications (ISAAA).
According to ISAAA's Global Status of
Commercialised Biotech/GM Crops:
2016, released in May, 185.10 million
hectares of GM crops were planted in
2016, showing an increase from 179.70
million hectares in 2015. In 2014, the
global area under GM crops was 181.50
million hectares.
These numbers come from 26
countries, 19 of which are developing
countries. The top five countries
growing GM crops are the US (72.90
million hectares), Brazil (49.10 million
hectares), Argentina (23.80 million
hectares), Canada (11.60 million
hectares), and India (10.80 million hectares)—totaling 91
percent of the global area under GM. Soybean
accounted for 50 percent of the global area under GM
crops in 2016. It was followed by maize (33 percent),
cotton (12 percent), and canola (5 percent). Other GM
crops available in the market today include sugar beet,
papaya, squash, aubergine and potato.
The non-profit ISAAA estimates that biotech crop
planting increased 110-fold in the 1996-2016 decade,
with an accumulated area of 2.1 billion hectares. As the
“fastest adopted crop technology in recent times”,
biotechnology has helped alleviate poverty and hunger,
benefiting 18 million small farmers and their families.
However, according to the ISAAA media release, “the
promises of biotech crops can only be unlocked if
farmers are able to buy and plant these crops.
“Farmers with little or no capital hesitate to adopt this
tool (GM technology),” Rosalie Ellasus, GM maize farmer
from the Philippines, and representative of the Asian
Farmers Network, tells . In fact, adoption and
acceptance of GM technology has not gone
unchallenged, though in varying degrees across the
Asia-Pacific region. “Some countries in South-East Asia
such as Cambodia, Laos and Myanmar have the
potential to adopt biotech crops but do not have
ImageSource:DeliciousLiving

Bangladesh market for farmed
fish up 25 times in three decades
A study shows that the market for
farmed fish grew by a dramatic 25
times in three decades in Bangladesh.
The latest study of the International
Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI)
also said among fish farmers, 75.0 per
cent of them sell fish commercially.
The study said Bangladesh is
experiencing a quiet revolution in its
domestic fish farming sector, with
significant gains among all the players
in the industry.
The Washington-based global think
tank, IFPRI, notes, "The fish value chain
in Bangladesh is growing and
transforming very rapidly, in all
segments. The quiet revolution in the
fish value chain is a domestic market
revolution: 94% of aquaculture
production is destined for domestic
consumption."
The government has targeted to make
the country self-reliant in fish
production by 2019, with producing 4.2
million tonnes of fishes from current
level of nearly 3.8 million tonnes.
With an annual production of nearly 20
lakh tonnes of cultured fish, Bangladesh
is the world's fifth largest producer of
inland aquaculture after China,
Indonesia, India and Vietnam, the UN
Food and Agriculture Organisation
(FAO) stated in its report titled “State of
World Fisheries and Aquaculture 2016”.
Ricardo Hernandez, IFPRI research
coordinator and lead author of the
study, said “Aquaculture has become an
important driver of Bangladesh
economy and the industry now
employs as many persons as the garment sector,
another growing success story in the country.”
"What really surprised me about these findings was the
extent of the growth in many sectors, not just in
production but also in many off-farm segments, such as
rural and urban traders, input dealers and feed mills," he
said.
He said the rapid growth has been spawned by
increased demand, improvements in technology,
communications and infrastructure; and investments by
millions of farm households and small and medium
enterprises.
The researcher said that the government played an
important role in infrastructure investment such as
investment in fish seed production, electricity and roads.
“There has been a proliferation of feed mills, hatcheries,
farmers and traders, with rapid increase of purchased
seed and feed, rapid increase in the use of chemicals,
increase in the use of hired labor, and rapid increase in
investment in agriculture equipment," said Hernandez.
Noting significant improvement in marketing of fish the
study said that rural fish farmers used to sell their fish to
local traders just over a decade ago, but they are now
selling two-thirds of their product to large wholesalers
based in towns and cities.
Statistics of Bangladesh's Department of Fisheries (DoF)
figures show that the country's annual fish production
stands at 37 lakh tonnes, and nearly 56 percent of that
comes from farmed fish, 28 percent from captured fish
and the rest from marine fisheries.
According to the DoF, fisheries contribute 3.69 percent
of Bangladesh's GDP and over 23 percent of agricultural
GDP. With an average fish intake of 53 gram per person
a day, fish now account for 60 percent of protein supply
for the entire population.
Aquaculture saw a robust growth of 8.2 percent, much
higher compared to the average growth rate of all
fisheries (5.4 percent) in the last one decade.
Source: Financial Express
23
biosafety regulations,” Rhodora
Aldemita, senior programme officer at
ISAAA, tells. “Others like Myanmar have
adopted GM crops while still drawing
up regulations,” she adds. Indonesia is
yet to firm up feed regulations, the
Philippines is struggling with
regulations that have halted biotech
crop approvals, and Thailand's strict
regulations only allow field testing,
Aldemita says. India has restricted GM technology to
non-edible crops like cotton. Approvals for GM
aubergine and GM mustard have not gone beyond field
trials, with public litigation and provincial governments
blocking attempts at commercialising these staples. “We
have concerns regarding the biosafety of GM food crops
that are similar to what we see in most of Europe,”
Aruna Rodrigues, the main petitioner against the
technology in India's Supreme Court, tells.
Source: Asian Scientist

INDUSTRY REPORT Think Grain Think Feed - Volume 3 | Issue 10 | August 2017
24
Skretting Vietnam officially opened a
new state-of-the-art shrimp feed plant in
the Mekong Delta, with an initial
production capacity of 60,000 tonnes
annually.
The new 23,000 square metre facility is
located within the Thuan Dao Industrial
Zone, Long An, for the convenience of
local customers as well as to make best
use of the transport links to other
important farming provinces in the area.
“Building on several years of experience
operating in Vietnam, we feel that 2017
is the year for our ambition to reach new
heights: New heights in terms of
delivering innovation and best product
performance to our customers; and new
heights in term of providing best
standard of working environment for our
employees,” pointed out Marc Le Poul,
General Manager of Skretting South
Asia.
Skretting Vietnam's new plant will
adhere to the same robust standards,
support and ways of working that are in
place at all other locations operated by
Skretting and parent company Nutreco.
For his part, Alex Obach, Managing Director at Skretting
Aquaculture Research Centre (ARC), informed that the
firm's shrimp feed Lorica is designed to shield shrimp
during challenging phases in their lifecycle, including
transfer and handling. Furthermore, its unique
formulation delivers invaluable support to the defence
mechanisms of these animals, enabling them to better
cope with stress factors.
“This investment will be a vital contributor to the progress
of Vietnam's aquaculture industry and meeting the
dietary needs of its fast growing population. We shall
continue to provide you with all the knowledge and
support that you will need to take this industry forward
into a new golden age,” pointed out Nutreco Executive
Committee, Samson Li, Managing Manager of Nutreco
Asia.
Vietnam became part of the Skretting family in 2010
through the acquisition of Tomboy Aquafeed JSC, a
reputable Vietnamese fish and shrimp feed company. In
the seven years since the purchase, Skretting Vietnam has
fully embedded the Skretting culture into all of its
operations – from research and raw material procurement
to products and services for aquaculture.
State-of the-art shrimp
feed plant opens in Vietnam
ImageSource:UndercurrentNews

25
Charoen Pokphand Foods PLC (CPF) has
committed to maximizing marine
resource use by partnering various
organizations to restore marine fertility
and has also targeted to reduce
fishmeal ratio in aquaculture feed
production to no more than 5 per cent.
This commitment has been announced
by DVM Sujint Thammasart, chief
operating officer for CPF's aquaculture
business, who also pointed out that the
firm said that the company targets to
reduce the use of marine resources by
upgrading animal breeding and cut
down sea water use in aquaculture
operations.
In this way, it has managed to reduce
the fishmeal used in shrimp feed
production from 35 per cent to 7 per
cent in the last two decades and is
targeted to fall further this production,
to 5 per cent in the next 3 years.
"We have a clear guideline in protection
and conservation, to ensure the
sustainability of marine resources. We
place our emphasis on innovating
shrimp feed formula to reduce fishmeal
which is part of marine resources, and
shifting from black tiger shrimp farming
to Vannamei shrimp," Thammasart
stressed.
In addition, CPF initiated “Grow-Share-
Protect Mangrove Forestation” project
in collaboration with the Department of
Marine and Coastal Resources,
Biodiversity-based Economy
Development Office (Public
Organization) and civil society groups,
to preserve and restore mangrove
forests for greater biodiversity, allowing
marine lives to grow and preserving the
country's coastal and inland
ecosystems.
The firm's president also stressed that
involving in shrimp farming and shrimp
feed meal operations, CPF purchases
fish meal from suppliers for the
production of shrimp feeds for the
company's shrimp farms.
He outlined that fishmeal is generally
sourced from 1) by-products of processing plants like
Surimi, canned tuna and fish ball plants and 2) by-catch
which is subjected to the sustainability and traceability
rules under the International Fishmeal and Fish Oil
Organization's Responsible Supply Chain of Custody
(IFFO RS COC), which are certified by the IFFO.
Source: FIS
CPF plans to further reduce
fishmeal in shrimp feed

INDUSTRY NEWS Think Grain Think Feed - Volume 3 | Issue 10 | August 2017
26
Global seeds giants have called for
transparent, science-based approvals
processes for new crop types after
China approved two more genetically
modified (GMO) crops for import, but
left four others on the waiting list.
China recently approved Syngenta's
5307 insect-resistant corn sold under
the Agrisure Duracade brand and
Monsanto's 87427 glyphosate-resistant
corn, sold under the Roundup Ready
brand, for a period of three years.
The move was the second in the past
month to expand access to biotech
seeds as part of Beijing's 100-day trade
talks with Washington, and took total
approvals to four after Dow Chemical
Co's Enlist corn and Monsanto's Vistive
Gold soybeans were given the go-
ahead last month.
But it leaves four other products owned
by Monsanto, DuPont and Dow on a
waiting list pending approval. The other
three crops are Dow's Enlist soybeans
and two alfalfa products developed by
Monsanto.
The U.S. industry has repeatedly
complained about the lack of
transparency in China's biotech review
process.
Beijing has in the past held back approvals of imported
GMO products amid concerns about anti-GMO
sentiment in the country.
Monsanto acknowledged the progress made with the
latest approvals in its statement but stressed the need
for a "predictable, science-based and transparent
regulatory approval process in China" to allow new
products to reach growers.
Hopes that all six would get the go-ahead in the second
round mounted after the National Biosafety Committee
(NBC), a group of experts who advise the government
on GMO safety, met late last month to review the
products, company executives and experts said.
The approvals come after China promised to speed up a
review of pending import applications as part of the
100-day trade talks with the United States. China is the
top export market for U.S. agricultural products.
While the country does not permit planting of GMO
food crops, it does allow GMO imports such as
soybeans and corn for use in its animal feed industry.
Getting new varieties approved for import takes years,
forcing leading agrichemical players to restrict sales
during China's review process.
Earlier this year, DuPont Pioneer began a limited
commercial introduction of its next-generation Qrome
corn products under stewardship in the western United
States, allowing it to make the new technology available
to some growers ahead of Chinese approval.
Source: Reuters
DuPont, Monsanto urge transparent
GMO crop reviews in China
ImageSource:GlobalFoodSafetyResource

28
Event Coverage Think Grain Think Feed - Volume 3 | Issue 10 | August 2017
Leading animal health and nutrition
professionals alongwith researchers,
academics and expe rts from the
food and feed industries will gather
in five cities: Dhaka, Delhi, Taipei,
Wuxi, and Tokyo, from 22 October to
1 November 2017.
Held every two years, the Asia Nutrition
Forum assembles hundreds of experts,
researchers and academics from the
food and feed industries around the
world to address the latest challenges
in the animal health and nutrition arena
in Asia. It is the premier scientific
assembly for connecting with peers,
fostering partnerships and exchanging
information, experiences and best
practices.
'Driving the Asian Protein Economy' will
be the theme of this year's forum. “As
the world faces a projected population
increase from today's 7.5 billion people
to 9 billion people by 2050, the
demand for food sources, especially
protein, is on the rise.The highest
growth in demand currently comes from Asia, which
comprises a full 30% of the world's land area and60% of
the world's population. It is therefore imperative for the
industry to stay informed of the latest technological
advances, and to drive the production of quality,
sustainable protein sourceshere in Asia,” said Marc
Guinnement, Managing Director of BIOMIN Asia Pacific.
The 2017Asia Nutrition Forum will offer top industry
professionals the opportunity to explore the factors
driving the future of the Asian protein economy. The
plenary session will address key challenges in livestock
industry, with a focus on the rising trend of antibiotic-
free production in Asia.A panel of leading speakers will
delve further into topics concerning poultry and swine
production.
First held in 2005, the Asia Nutrition Forum hosted by
BIOMIN has become the leading opportunity for
industry practitioners to share ideas and exchange
knowledge, alongside the World Nutrition Forum. These
biennial summits are consistently well rated by
attendees. Each edition draws upon the uniqueness of
the location, speakers and participants while
maintaining the highest quality standards for both
content and organization.
For further details, please visit www.anf.biomin.net.
Asia Nutrition Forum 2017
announcement

Think Grain Think Feed - Volume 3 | Issue 10 | August 2017CALENDAR OF EVENTS
30
2017-18
To list any industry event related to Grain & Feed industry please write us at
SEPTEMBER
AFIA Liquid Feed Symposium
Date: 12-14 September 2017
Venue: Louisville, KY, USA
Email: afia@afia.org
Web: www.afia.org
CLFMA AGM & National Symposium
Date: 15-16 September 2017
Venue: JW Marriott, Mumbai, India
Email: clfmaindia@gmail.com
Web: www.clfmaofindia.org
Feed Additives
Date: 27–29 September 2017
Venue: Amsterdam, The Netherlands
Email: olympia.theocharous@briefingmedia.com
Web: www.feedadditives-global.com
NOVEMBER
Poultry India
Date: 22-24 November 2017
Venue: HITEX, Hyderabad, India
Email: info@poultryindia.co.in
Web: www.poultryindia.co.in
Date: 26-28 October 2017
Venue: Auto Cluster Exhibition Centre, Pune, India
Email: dairyindustryexpo@gmail.com
Web: www.dairyindustryexpo.com
OCTOBER
FEBRUARY
Date: 8-10 February 2018
Venue: Pune, Maharashtra, India
Email: feedtechexpo@gmail.com
Web: www.feedtechexpo.com
MARCH
FVG Asia
Date: 27-29 March 2018
Venue: BITEC, Bangkok, Thailand
Email: maarcservices@gmail.com
Web: www.victam.com
APRIL
Livestock Asia
Date: 19-21 April 2018
Venue: Kuala Lumpur Convention Centre, Malaysia
Email: rita.lau@ubm.com
Web: www.livestockasia.com
FeedTechExpo 2018Animal Feed Technology
Da ryINDUSTRY EXP 2017
The Farming & Processing Event
NZFMA Broiler Nutritionist Conference 2017
Date: 16-20 October 2017
Venue: Queenstown, New Zealand
Email: info@nzfma.org.nz
Web: www.nzfma.org.nz

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