Session2 03 Sergio Chiarandini
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Presentation made at the Sustainable Tourism in Small Island Developing States conference, 23-24 November 2017, Seychelles. A partnership of the Seychelles Sustainable Tourism Foundation, IUCN WCPA Tourism and Protected Areas Specialist Group, University of Seychelles, Paris Tourism Sorbonne (IREST), and Global Sustainable Tourism Council.
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Session2 03 Sergio Chiarandini
- 1. Chumbe Island Coral Park (CHICOP) Sergio Chiarandini LT&C – Linking Tourism & Conservation The Long Run Can Sustainable Tourism Create and Manage Marine Parks? The Case of Chumbe Island Coral Park Zanzibar -Tanzania
- 2. The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development UN 17 Sustainable Development Goals The UN declared 2017 the Year of Sustainability, recognizing sustainable tourism as a key factor in helping communities develop around the world. The three pillars of sustainable tourism are Economic (such as primarily hiring local staff), Social (protecting rich cultural heritage, support communities Economic growth, development projects Environmental (recycling, renewables, ecosystem management, Private Protected Areas, information )
- 3. Chumbe Island Coral Park, Tanzania Marine Protected Area (MPA) since 1994 First Worldwide Private Protected Area (PPA)
- 6. Photo: S.Chiarandini Photos: Oskar Henriksson
- 7. Photo: Roxy
- 9. Photo: Secret Hearth Photo:Chumbe archive
- 10. Photo: S. Chiarandini Photo: S. Chiarandini
- 12. Photo: Roxy
- 37. Photo: Oskar Enriksson Photo: S.Chiarandini
- 39. Photo: Anke Hofmeister Photo: Jimmy Livefjord Photo: Jimmy Livefjord
- 40. Photo: BBC Earth
- 41. Photos: Anke Hofmeister and Chumbe Archive Chumbe Island Manager, Rangers and Staff A real treasure and a great assett for the Park
- 43. Burning Issues 72 Trillion $ UNWTO Annual Meeting 2016
- 44. Burning Issues Fact: States are failing conservation • Common myth “PAs are a luxury“ that need to be subsidized • PAs massively subsidize government budgets, mostly through tourism • Poor PA governance, “Paper parks“, PA Degrading, Down-sizing and Degazettement (PADDD) • Lack of no-take zones • Lack of funding Fact: Most MPAs are not functional • Poor enforcement • Lack of community involvement Balmford / IUCN (2015) 556 state-run PA’s 51 countries • 25% of the world’s marine fish species • Livelihood for 500 M people • < 45% still healthy …but threatened & disappearing • ~19% already dead (coral bleaching, over/destructive fishing, pollution) Fact: Worldwide Coral Reef Crisis Tourism can directly support coral reef and habitat conservation
- 45. • Chumbe PPA Vision EDUCATION CONSERVATION ECOTOURISM The Chumbe Island Coral Reef Sanctuary and Closed Forest Habitat are effectively and sustainably managed in order to maximize their contribution to biodiversity conservation, serve as a model for effective ecotourism and MPA management, and provide a platform to promote wider environmental awareness and education for sustainable development and ecological stewardship in Zanzibar.
- 46. • Chumbe PPA Conservation ± 0 100 20050 Meters ! Boundary Points Area Boundary Habitats Land Settlement Sparse Forest/Settlement Dense Forest Islets Near Shore Sandy Beach Mixed Reef/Seagrass Reef slope Intertidal Seagrass trench Seagrass Deep Outer Slope Deep Slope Deep Water ! ! ! ! ! ! ! South Islet South North South Island North Island South Central North Central ± 0 50 ! Boundary Points Area Boundary Habitats Land Settlement Sparse Forest/Settlement Dense Forest Islets Near Shore Sandy Beach Mixed Reef/Seagrass Reef slope Intertidal Seagrass trench Seagrass Deep Outer Slope Deep Slope Deep Water Coral Reef Sanctuary: 55.06 ha Forest Habitat: 16.64 ha Total Protected Area: 71.7 ha
- 47. • Chumbe PPA Conservation – Spillover Effect
- 48. IUCN WORLD PARK CONGRESS 2014 “Unlike other industries and human- driven activities, Tourism in protected areas can be a Strong positive Force , increasing a sense of stewardship and revenues that are vital for the long-term protection of these important conservation areas” “By contrast, reduced visitor numbers to protected areas can signal a lack of political interest or public support” Dr. Yu-Fai Leung, IUCN WCPA Tourism and Protected Areas Specialist Group. Chumbe Method: Ecotourism Can Sustainable Tourism Create and Manage Marine Parks? The Case of Chumbe Island Coral Park
- 49. Chumbe PPA Method: Ecotourism • Ecotourism funds all conservation & education activities First Financially Self-Sustaining MPA in the World Does the business model work?? Total investment: 1.2 Mill USD Proportional Annual Expenditures (park establishment, visitor centre & bungalows) - 50% private loan - 25% donations from aid organisations - 25% worth volunteer work (marine biologists, engineers...) • Not-for-profit organization: All revenue returned to project MPA core functions operational at 30% occupancy rate
- 50. Chumbe PPA Method: Education & Research • Environmental Education (EE) schools programme • School excursions: > 7.236 children • Teacher Training: >1,236 teachers • Peer Education ( 861 Communities Members, fishermen, etc) • Universities & academic institutions, GOs/NGOs • Chumbe Reef Monitoring (Sept – March) • Various Research Projects ( Coral Monitoring) • Marine Mammals, Turtles, Seagrass, Invertebrates, Management Plan
- 51. Chumbe PPA Metod: Ecotourism Excellence in sustainability governance: • Local construction materials • Composting toilets • Vegetative greywater filtration • No waste, no sewage, no plastic • Near-to-zero Air emissions Near-to-zero H2O discharge • Rainwater catchment • Natural Ventilation - No air conditioning • Photovoltaic energy and solar water heating
- 52. Chumbe PPA Metod: Ecotourism
- 53. Self exploration Nature Authenticity Experiences becoming Rare.. Wildlife Sustainable Tourism a solution for natural and cultural heritage conservation. Chumbe PPA Contribution
- 54. Chumbe PPA Implication & Way Forward Less is More….
- 55. Chumbe PPA Contribution • Chumbe Island Coral Park is an award-winning private nature reserve developed since 1991 for the conservation and sustainable management of uninhabited Chumbe Island. • A model of financially, ecologically and socially sustainable MPA management, where ecotourism supports conservation, research and environmental education for local people. • First Financially Self-Sustaining Marine Protected Area in the World. • Ecotourism funds all conservation & education activities. It can be done!
- 56. Chumbe Island Coral Park Thank You! www.ltandc.org www.thelongrun.org For more information: www.chumbeisland.com . it’s the people that make Chumbe special !!!!!