Fiber optic communication transmits information using pulses of light through optical fibers. It uses optical transmitters to convert electrical signals to optical signals that are sent through the fiber, and optical receivers that convert the returning optical signals back to electrical signals. Modern systems use technologies like dense wavelength division multiplexing to maximize the bandwidth capacity of each fiber by transmitting multiple parallel channels of data on different wavelengths of light. Fiber attenuation necessitates the use of in-line amplifiers to boost signal strength over long distances.

1. FIBER OPTIC
COMMUNICATIONS
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2. FIBER OPTIC COMMUNICATIONS
Fiber Optic Communication is a
method for transmitting
information or data by sending
pulse of lights from one place to
another place through Optical fiber.
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3. FIBER OPTIC COMMUNICATIONS
 Uses of Optical Fiber – Optical fiber is used by
many telecommunication companies to transmit the
telephone signals, data, voice, Internet & TV cable
etc.
 Technology – Modern Optical Fiber
Communication system is generally include an
OPTICAL TRANSMITTER to convert Electrical
signal to Optical Signal to send into Optical Fiber,
and an OPTICAL RECEIVER to convert Optical
signal into Electrical Signal.
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4. FIBER OPTIC COMMUNICATIONS
 Transmitter – The most commonly used Optical
transmitters are semiconductor device such as
LIGHT EMITTING DIODES (LED).
 Receiver – The main component of Optical
Receiver is a PHOTODETECTOR which convert
Light Signal into Electrical Signal using
PHOTOELECTRIC EFFECT.
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5. FIBER OPTIC COMMUNICATIONS
 Diameter of OFC –
 Single Mode – >9 Micron to 125 Micron means
(Core to cladding diameter ratio is 9 Microns to 125
Microns)
 Multimode – 50 microns to 125 microns & 62.5
microns to 125 microns.
 Diameter of Inner Sheath – 0.7 MM
 Nominal Cable Outer diameter – 15.5 MM to 19
MM
 Nominal Cable weight – 260 KG/KM
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6. FIBER OPTIC COMMUNICATIONS
 Difference between single mode fiber and multi-
mode fiber –
 Single Mode cable is a single stand of glass fiber with a
diameter of 8.3 to 10 microns that has one mode of
transmission.
 Single-mode fiber gives you a higher transmission rate
and up to 50 times more distance than multimode.
 Multimode cable is made of glass fibers, with common
diameters in the 50-to-100 micron range for the light
carry component (the most common size is 62.5 micron).
 Multimode fiber gives you high bandwidth at high speeds
over medium distances.
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7. FIBER OPTIC COMMUNICATIONS
 Amplifier – The transmission distance of a fiber
Optics Communication system has traditionally been
limited by fiber attenuation and by fiber distortion.
By using Amplifier these problem has been
eliminated. These repeaters convert Optical signals
to Electrical signals and then use Electrical Signals to
Optical signals at again at a higher intensity.
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8. FIBER OPTIC COMMUNICATIONS
 DWDM (Dense Wavelength Division
Multiplexing) – DWDM is the practice of
multiplying of available capacity of a fiber through
use of parallel channels, each channel on a dedicated
wavelength of Light. Using DWDM technology now
commercially available bandwidth of a fiber can be
divided into as many as 160 channels to support a
combined bit rate in the range of 1.6 Terabit.
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9. FIBER OPTIC COMMUNICATIONS
 Fiber Optic Network Optical Wavelength
Transmission Bands - As fiber optic networks
have developed for longer distances, higher speeds
and wavelength-division multiplexing (WDM), fibers
have been used in new wavelength ranges, now
called "bands," where fiber and transmission
equipment can operate more efficiently.
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10. FIBER OPTIC COMMUNICATIONS
Band Description Wavelength Range
O band Original 1260 to 1360 nm
E band Extended 1360 to 1460 nm
S band short wavelengths 1460 to 1530 nm
C band
conventional ("erbium
window")
1530 to 1565 nm
L band long wavelengths 1565 to 1625 nm
U band ultra-long wavelengths 1625 to 1675 nm
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11. FIBER OPTIC COMMUNICATIONS
 Fiber Optic Color Code –
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12. FIBER OPTIC COMMUNICATIONS
 Attenuation –
 Fiber attenuation, which necessitates the use of
amplification systems, is caused by a combination
of material absorption, Rayleigh scattering, Mie
scattering, and connection losses.
 Other forms of attenuation are caused by physical
stresses to the fiber, microscopic fluctuations in
density, and imperfect splicing techniques.
 Modern fiber has attenuation around 0.3 dB/km.
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13. FIBER OPTIC COMMUNICATIONS
 Thanks for your attention
 Write me on sushmeshsharma1@gmail.com
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